南亚橡胶种质圃部分橡胶品系幼树2007／2008年的寒害调查与分析

对南亚热带作物研究所橡胶繁育圃2007／2008年低温寒害后的不同橡胶树品系的受害情况进行调查。橡胶品系随苗龄的增长其抗寒性逐步提高;湛试系列橡胶品系抗寒性总体较好;用抗寒品系作亲本与高产品系常规杂交有选育出抗寒高产新品系的可选择性。     

Study on the Change Rule of Egg Yolk Antibody in Laying Hens after First Immunization by Japanese Encephalitis Virus

The purpose of this experiment was to study the immunization rule of the egg yolk antibody affected by different vaccines,immunization dose and injection ways and further to discuss the optimal immunization procedures of the laying hens for the preparation of egg yolk antibody against swine Japanese encephalitis virus.180 brown laying hens without any vaccines were selected and divided into 18 groups randomly,each group of 10 hens.Groups 1,2 were the control groups,injected with the sterile saline;Groups 3 to 10 were injected with subcutaneous or intramuscular injection,and the vaccine was injected with 0.2,0.5,1.0 and 1.5 mL successively.Groups 11 to 18 were also adopted two kinds of injection,followed by the same dose of vaccine immunization.Six eggs of each experimental group were gathered before immune day and after 3,7,10,14,18,21 and 28 days,the egg yolk antibody was extracted and the titer was determined.As a result,the egg yolk antibody titers of groups 1 to 6,11 and 12 were all 0,and no significant immune response produced;The hens from 7 to 10 groups were injected with the inactivated vaccine.After 7 days,the average antibody titer reached the peak,and the duration of the antibody was 14 days.The hens from 13 to 18 groups were injected with the attenuated virus vaccine.After 14 days,the average antibody titer reached the highest value,and the duration of the antibody was 21 days.The egg yolk antibody titers were not significantly different in the two compared experiment groups with the same injection dose but with different injection ways (P>0.05).With the same injection way of each experiment group,and the difference was significant (P>0.05).Compared with some groups with the same injection and vaccine,the titer of yolk antibody was gradually increased with the increase of the immune dose,and the difference was significant (P<0.05).The results showed that,no matter intramuscular or subcutaneous injection,in order to produce a significant immune response to hens,the immune antigen dose was 1.0 mL inactivated vaccine or 0.5 mL attenuated vaccine at least.Compared with the attenuated and inactivated vaccine,inactivated vaccine stimulated the body to produce the antibody faster,but the maintenance time was shorter;The lower dose of attenuated vaccine could stimulate the body to produce antibodies,but the speed was slower,the maintenance time was longer.     

艺术设计中“图”与“底”的关系

人们关注的中心为“图”,背景的部分为“底”,“图形”与“基底”的关系指一个封闭的式样与另一个和它同质的非封闭的背景之间的关系。图底关系理论在城市建筑设计中大有可为。     

CMCC数据库的汉字缺失现象及其解决方案

总结了《中文生物医学期刊数据库》(CMCC)的汉字缺失现象及其成因，提议：在逐步更新数据库时，立即使用GBK扩充汉字批量替换大部分缺失汉字；安装微软GB18030支持包及Surrogate更新，升级数据库的开发和应用平台，使之完全支持GB18030大字符集；将来采用ISO10646为构建CMCC数据库的中文字符编码标准，从而完全支持7万字以上的SuperCJK超大字符集等。

     

哺乳动物早期胚胎的剂量补偿作用及其对发育的影响

剂量补偿是使X连锁基因的表达水平在两性间达到平衡的过程。哺乳动物是通过随机失活雌性的一条X染色体实现剂量补偿。X染色体失活开始于X染色体失活中心（XIC）,然后传播到整条染色体。Xist基因定位于XIC中,参与X染色体失活的启动。本文主要通过分析雄核生殖胚胎、雌核生殖胚胎和正常胚胎发育中X连锁基因表达,概括了X染色体失活（XCI）在哺乳动物早期胚胎发育中作用,综述了哺乳动物早期胚胎的剂量补偿作用及其对发育的影响。     

磁处理改善豌豆根际土壤生物学性状

采用盆栽的方法,分析磁处理对豌豆根际土壤生物学性状的影响,旨在探究磁处理对豌豆根际土壤肥力及健康状况的影响。试验设置无处理（对照CK）,添加铁粉（A）、磁化铁粉（B）、场强为0.2特斯拉（T）磁铁+铁粉（C）以及0.2 T磁铁（D）的处理,基于高通量测序技术分析磁处理对豌豆根际土壤生物学性状的影响。结果表明：C处理显著增加豌豆根际土壤中可培养细菌和真菌数量,同时微生物生物量C、N、P与CK相比分别增加了34.0%、46.0%、44.2%;β-葡萄糖苷酶、氨肽酶、磷酸酶酶活性分别增加了24.6%、23.7%、31.8%;另一方面,C处理中土壤细菌丰富度和多样性指数Ace、Chao1、Shannon指数显著高于CK;属（Genus）分类水平韦恩图分析中上,CK处理特有的属细菌主要有3个：Sneathiella、Desulfurispora、nannocystaceae;A处理特有的属细菌有7个;B处理特有的属细菌亦有7个;C处理特有的属细菌有11个;D处理特有的属细菌有8个。综上所述,C处理能够显著提高豌豆根际土壤中可培养微生物数量、微生物生物量（C、N、P）、酶活性和细菌多样性等多项指示土壤肥力和健康状况的生物学指标,表明磁场强度为0.2 T的磁铁+5 g磁化铁粉处理具有提高土壤肥力抵御土传病害的能力。     

艾纳香脱氢酶基因家族的生物信息学分析

采用RT-PCR和RACE（Rapid amplification of cDNA ends）技术,从艾纳香（Blumea balsamifera (L.) DC.）叶片中克隆到4条编码艾纳香脱氢酶（BbADH1、BbADH2、BbADH3、BbADH4）基因的cDNA序列,并对4条核苷酸及其编码的氨基酸序列进行生物信息学分析。结果显示:4条艾纳香脱氢酶序列开放阅读框均在900 bp左右,蛋白质等电点（pI）值在5.0~9.0之间,含量最多的氨基酸为亮氨酸（Leu）,最少的为色氨酸（Try）,具有明显的疏水区和亲水区,N端未发现信号肽,且无跨膜区;同源性比对结果显示,艾纳香BbADH蛋白与其他植物中ADH蛋白具有高度的相似性,且具有脱氢酶的特征功能域;系统发育分析表明,艾纳香（B. balsamifera (L.) DC.）BbADH1和BbADH3同处于一个分支,且与胡杨（Populus euphratica Oliv.）PeADH物种亲缘关系较近,而艾纳香BbADH4和BbADH2处于不同分支,且分别与葡萄（Vitis vinifera）VvADH和烟草（Nicotiana tabacum）NtADH物种亲缘关系较近。     

海黍子对仿刺参生长及水环境因子的影响

在水温7.0~19.5℃和盐度28.7~30.9的养殖环境下,将仿刺参(Apostichopus japonicus)和海黍子(Sargassum muticum)混养在1 m3水体中,研究在一定养殖空间内刺参-海黍子适宜的养殖容量和密度及其对水质的影响。仿刺参平均湿重(25.2±1.21)g;养殖密度,A1~A3组:600 g/m3,B4~B6组:400 g/m3,C7~C9组:200 g/m3。海黍子养殖密度,A1、B4、C7组:0 g/m3,A2、B5、C8组:1 000 g/m3,A3、B6、C9组:2 000g/m3。结果显示:(1)A1、B4组仿刺参的平均日增重率(Mdwg)和特定生长率(SGR)最小;C8和C9组仿刺参的Mdwg和SGR最大;A2组海黍子的SGR最大;C9组海黍子SGR最小;(2)A1、B4组NH4+-N、NO2--N、NO3--N和PO43--P含量较高;A3、B6、C9组各营养因子含量较低。研究表明:海黍子能吸收水体中的营养因子,其密度显著影响仿刺参的生长(P0.05)。本试验条件下,C8、C9组搭配比较合适,生态互利效果最好。     

新疆龙蒿开花习性及花芽分化研究

通过对新疆龙蒿整个生长周期的动态观测,发现新疆龙蒿在5月下旬～7月初进行花芽分化,其过程可分为花轴分化期、花序分化期和花器官分化期;顶生花芽和侧生花芽均由营养锥分化而成;舌状花为雌花,管状花为两性花.