枯草芽孢杆菌在番茄病害防治上的应用与研究进展

综述了枯草芽孢杆菌在防治植物病害中的生防机制,包括竞争作用、拮抗作用、溶菌作用、诱导植物产生抗性和促进植物生长5个方面,介绍了枯草芽孢杆菌在6种番茄病害即灰霉病、青枯病、早疫病、立枯病、枯萎病、根腐病防治中的应用,并对其应用中存在的主要问题进行了总结、前景进行了展望。     

Analysis on Target Genes with Mutation in microRNA of Blue-shelled Chicken and White Leghorn

The study was conducted to explore the potential different characters between Blue-shelled chicken and White leghorn.Global genome microRNA was combined the identified microRNA with complementary lab-predicted microRNA.Then the two breed chicken's SNP data got by GGRS were mapped to the microRNA and focused on SNP that deliberately located in mature-microRNA.Bioinformatics method was adopted for target prediction on microRNA which had SNPs.By further gene enrichment analysis,the study found these genes enriched in 22 GO terms,10 KEGG pathways,and 3 IPA important networks.And they enriched in traits which associated with growth,such as mTOR signaling pathways,Wnt signaling pathways,growth hormone receptor networks and insulin-like growth factor Ⅰ receptor networks.And they also enriched in some laying traits,such as oocyte meiotic signaling pathways and progesterone mature oocytes signaling pathways.The methods and the results might provide references for further studies.     

Effects of Different Nitrogen Treatments on N use Efficiency and Grain Yield of Mechanically-transplanted Hybrid Rice

In order to investigate effects of topdressing on grain yield and N use efficiency of mechanically-transplanted hybrid rice,this experiment was conducted with 2-line hybrid rice cultivars,Quanliangyou 1 and Quanliangyou 681 with 3 application levels of N fertilizer,No,N1,N2,respectively.The results showed that there were no significant differences in grain yields of the 2 varieties between treatments N1 and N2.It was indicated that N is not the factor which could limit grain yield within limited application levels of N fertilizer.High N fertilizer treatment could contribute to the formation of effective panicles and spikelets per panicle,but it could also lead to the decline in grain filling rate.It was suggested that lowering the amount of Nfertilizer could facilitate improvement of N-use efficiency.     

美国油气管道基本失效概率评估方法及启示

为充分利用油气管道历史失效数据,减少失效概率评估过程中的主观性,提出油气管道基本失效概率的概念及评估方法。对美国管道及危险物品安全管理局数据库的油气管道里程数据、事故数据及失效因素数据进行全面分析,采用基于事故统计的方法评估油气管道基本失效概率。结果表明:美国危险液体管道、输气集气管道、配气管道发生一般事故的基本失效概率分别为1.29次/(10^3 km·a)、2.17次/(10^4 km·a)及4.08次/(10^5 km·a),发生较大事故的基本失效概率分别为4.58次/(10^4 km·a)、1.41次/(10^4 km·a)及2.38次/(10^5 km·a),发生重大事故的基本失效概率分别为9.09次/(10^6 km·a)、9.79次/(10^6 km·a)及1.11次/(10^5 km·a)。美国基本失效概率可作为油气管道失效概率评估的基准线,也可作为风险可接受标准的依据,但不能直接应用于中国管道风险评价,需对其进行修正,建立适用于中国管道的失效数据库。     

广西矿区大气沉降与稻米重金累积的关系分析(英文)

笔者就大气沉降的概念、来源及其危害作了简要的概述,并对广西矿区大气沉降与稻米重金属累积的关系作简要分析,以期对广西矿区重金属沉降污染实施有效的风险预警,确保稻米安全生产提供参考。     

1～28日龄麒麟鸡钙需要量

本试验旨在研究不同饲粮钙水平对麒麟鸡生长性能、屠宰性能、肉品质、趾骨特性及血清生化指标的影响,以确定麒麟鸡饲粮中钙的适宜水平。选用1日龄麒麟鸡240只,随机分为5个组,每组6个重复,每个重复8只鸡。各组分别饲喂钙水平为0.75%、0.90%、1.05%、1.20%和1.35%(可利用磷水平为0.45%,维生素D3水平为1 250 IU/kg)的玉米-豆粕型试验饲粮,试验期28 d。结果表明:1)饲粮钙水平对麒麟鸡平均日增重、平均日采食量、腿病发生率和死亡率有显著影响(P0.05),但对料重比影响不显著(P0.05),随着饲粮钙水平的提高,平均日增重和平均日采食量呈断线变化(P0.05)。2)饲粮钙水平对麒麟鸡屠宰率、半净膛率、全净膛率、胸肌率、腿肌率以及胸肌的p H、肉色和滴水损失率没有显著影响(P0.05),但腹脂率随着饲粮钙水平的增加有先升高后降低的变化趋势(P=0.083)。饲粮钙水平对胸肌的剪切力有显著影响(P0.05),且随钙水平的提高呈二次曲线变化(P0.05)。3)饲粮钙水平对麒麟鸡趾骨脱脂干重及趾骨粗灰分、粗灰分钙含量有显著影响(P0.05),且趾骨粗灰分和粗灰分钙含量随着饲粮钙水平的提高呈二次曲线和断线变化(P0.05)。4)饲粮钙水平对血清碱性磷酸酶活性影响不显著(P0.05),但显著影响麒麟鸡血清钙、磷含量(P0.05),随着饲粮钙水平的提高,血清磷含量呈断线变化(P0.05)。综上所述,平均日增重、平均日采食量、胸肌剪切力、趾骨粗灰分和粗灰分钙含量、血清磷含量可敏感反映麒麟鸡体内钙的营养状况,综合以上敏感指标得出1~28日龄麒麟鸡饲粮中钙需要量为1.20%。     

Effects of phytosterol ester on aortic aging and expression of related genes in rats

AIM: To explore the protective effect of phytosterol ester (PSE) on aortic aging in rats. METHODS: The female SD rats (12 months old, n=42) were randomly divided into control group, model group and PSE group. During the experiment, the rats in control group, model group and PSE group were treated with basic feed, high-fat diet (HFD) and HFD with 2% PSE (W/W) for 6 months, respectively. The morphological changes of the aorta were observed by HE staining and Masson staining, and the absolute area of smooth muscle cells and collagen fiber in the vascular wall were measured by image analysis. The levels of advanced glycosylation end products (AGEs), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in the plasma were detected. The expression of silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) at mRNA and protein levels in the vascular tissue was determined by real time PCR and Western blot, respectively. RESULTS: PSE significantly lowered plasma TC and LDL-C, and increased plasma HDL-C level (P<0.05), but had no effect on plasma TG level. PSE significantly attenuated the thickening of intima and media of aging aortic, and decreased the migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) and the amount of VSMC and collagen fiber in the aorta (P<0.05). PSE significantly reduced the contents of AGEs and MDA (P<0.05), but had no effect on the activity of SOD and CAT in the plasma. PSE also down-regulated the expression of PPARγ and up-regulated the expression of SIRT1 (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: PSE is able to attenuate the senescence process in the aorta by reducing the production of reactive oxygen species in plasma, and activating SIRT1, or inhibiting the expression of PPARγ in vascular tissues.     

辽西朝阳地区林果合作社发展创新路径——以兴旺林果合作社为例

以兴旺林果合作社为例,分析了辽西朝阳地区林果合作社发展情况及制约因素,从拓宽经营范围,发挥优势,打造四季旅游新村,建设民俗文化的旅游新农村;依靠科技,努力培养新型农民,创名优品牌,打响品牌战略;建立严密的组织体系,实现真正的企业化管理;拓宽融资渠道,建立自己农业协会信用社等方面提出了林果合作社创新发展路径。     

农民大学生移动学习探索

通过调查分析农民大学生的特征以及移动学习的特点和优势，发现移动学习能够对农民大学生的课程学习起到促进作用，提高学习效率，是一种重要的远程教育方式。     

泉州市电子信息产业产学研合作——科技人员服务企业行动的模式与经验的探讨

电子信息产业是泉州市的重要新兴产业。产学研合作有力地促进泉州市电子信息产业的发展。该文对泉州市电子信息产业产学研合作中科技人员服务企业行动的模式与经验进行探讨。