三个葡萄品种叶片中激素变化与抗寒性关系的研究

以贝达（抗寒性较强）、赤霞珠（抗寒性中）和梅鹿辄（抗寒性较弱）3个葡萄品种的1 a生枝条为材料,测定不同低温胁迫（-15、5℃）下叶片中4种内源激素ABA、IAA、GA、iPA含量及比值的变化。结果表明：低温条件下,3个葡萄品种叶片中ABA呈现先升高后降低的趋势,而IAA、GA、iPA则显示出先降低后有所升高的变化;ABA与IAA、GA、iPA的比值总体表现出先升高后降低的趋势,并且其变化数值与温度呈负相关。抗寒性强的品种贝达叶片中ABA/GA、ABA/IAA均大于抗寒性差的品种梅鹿辄,其中ABA/GA和ABA/IAA的变化与抗寒性关系最为密切。据此推断,ABA/GA和ABA/IAA可以作为判断葡萄品种抗寒性的指标。     

Effect of 2, 3-butanedione monoxime (BDM) on myocardial protection in cold cardioplegia

AIM: The effects of BDM on isolated rat heart in cold cardioplegia were studied. METHODS: Rat heart were subjected to cold cardioplegia at 4℃ for 8, 18 and 24 h.Then each heart was perfused (90 cm H₂O) in Langendorff model at 37℃ for 40 min. In the high K⁺ group(n=24) the hearts were preserved in St.Thomas cardioplegic solution, in BDM group(n=24) hearts were preserved in K-H solution with BDM 30 mmoL/L. RESULTS: After 18 h, heart rate and the coronary flow in BDM group were significantly higher than in high K⁺ group(P＜0.05). Activity of Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase in cell membrane and in mitochondrial membrane in the BDM group was significantly higher than high K⁺ group(P＜0.01). After 24 h, all hearts in high K⁺ group were dead, but were alive in BDM group. CONCLUSION: Under given experiment conditions, BDM did enhance the tolerance to cold ischemia significantly. The results showed that BDM may become a useful agent for prolong the storage period of heart in cold cardioglegia.     

Effects of capsaicin on cognitive impairment and mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes in rats with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion

AIM:To observe the effects of capsaicin on cognitive impairment and mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes (MAMs) of hippocampal CA1 area in the rats with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH), and to investigate the underlying molecule mechanism of cognitive defects induced by ischemia. METHODS:Healthy male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats(n=48) were randomly divided into sham operation (sham) group,CCH model (CCH) group, capsaicin group,and solvent group, 12 rats in each group. Capsaicin at 2.5 mg/kg was intraperitoneally injected twice a week for 4 weeks, starting on the 7th day after surgery. The rats in solvent group were given the same amount of solvent at the same time and under the same conditions. Morris water maze, object recognition test and open field test were conducted to analyze the cognitive related behavior performance on the 4th week after surgery. The changes of MAMs in the hippocampal CA1 region were observed under transmission electron microscope, the co-localization of the MAMs was observed by immunofluorescence double-labeling, and the expression of mitofusin 2 (Mfn2) in the hippocampal tissue was determined by Western blot.RESULTS:Four weeks after the operation, the behavior tests showed that the cognitive function of CCH rats was impaired compared with sham operation group. Compared with solvent group, spatial learning and memory in capsaicin group was improved significantly. The results of transmission electron microscope and confocal microscope showed that the distance of MAMs in the hippocampal CA1 area of CCH rats was increased compared with sham operation group, and the co-localization of the contacts was decreased (P<0.05). Compared with solvent group, the correlation between the mitochondria and ER in capsaicin group was increased (P<0.05). The protein level of Mfn2 in CCH group was significantly lower than that in sham group (P<0.05). Compared with solvent group, the protein level of Mfn2 in capsaicin group was higher (P<0.05). CONCLUSION:CCH rats showed decreased cognitive function and loosen MAMs. Capsaicin improves the cognitive behavior of CCH rats by up-regulation of MAMs.     

F-box domain is involved in regulating the proliferation of MCF-7 cells by FBXO39 protein

AIM: To investigate the effect of F-box domain on the regulation of MCF-7 cell proliferation by FBXO39 protein. METHODS: The effect of F-box domain on the localization of FBXO39 protein in the MCF-7 cells was investigated. MCF-7 cell cDNA library was used as the template resource. The full-length cDNA sequence of FBXO39 was amplified by PCR method and subcloned into eukaryotic expression vector pEGFP-C2. The pEGFP-FBXO39ΔF (F-box domain deletion mutation) plasmid was successfully constructed with the template resource of pEGFP-FBXO39 plasmid. The recombinant plasmids were transfected into the MCF-7 cells, and then the expression of FBXO39 and FBXO39ΔF were determined by Western blot. The cellular localization of FBXO39 and FBXO39ΔF were observed by confocal microscopy. The localization of endogenous FBXO39 in the MCF-7 cells was detected by immunofluorescence staining. In addition, MTT and EdU assays were used to measure the cell proliferation, flow cytometry was used to measure the cell cycle distribution, and immunohistochemical staining was used to observe the expression of FBXO39 in the breast cancer and para-carcinoma tissues. RESULTS: The eukaryotic expression vector pEGFP-FBXO39 and pEGFP-FBXO39ΔF were constructed successfully. F-box domain had no effect on the cell localization of FBXO39. FBXO39 promoted MCF-7 cell proliferation but FBXO39ΔF did not. FBXO39 was highly expressed in the breast cancer tissues. CONCLUSION: F-box domain had no effect on the cellular localization of FBXO39 protein. However, it plays an important role in the biological function of FBXO39. FBXO39 may be related to breast cancer tumorigenesis.     

稻米外观和碾磨品质QTL定位及其与土壤水分环境互作分析

本文利用旱稻品种IRAT109和水稻品种越富的花培DH群体的116个株系为作图群体，采用混合线性模型QTL定位方法，在水、旱2个土壤水分环境下对粒长(GL)、粒宽(GB)、长宽比(LWR)和垩白率(C)4项外观品质性状和糙米率(BR)、精米率(MR)、整精米率(HR)3项碾磨品质性状进行QTL定位及QTL与环境互作分析。在水、旱2种条件下对DH群体差异显著性分析结果表明，糙米率、精米率和长宽比差异不显著,而整精米率、粒长、粒宽、垩白率差异极显著。外观品质性状在水、旱栽培条件下变化较大，即在旱种环境下稻米粒形变小（粒长、粒宽减小）、变细（长宽比增大）垩白率大幅度下降。碾磨品质性状在双亲间均有差异，其中整精米率差异较大；且在两种土壤水分环境条件下均有变化，即在旱栽条件下两亲本的糙米率和精米率均降低，IRAT109分别减少了5.8%和5.5%，越富分别减少了11.7%和11.5%。共检测到11个加性效应QTL与稻米外观和碾磨品质性状7项指标有关，分别位于第1、3、5、6、7、10、11染色体上，单个QTL对性状的贡献率在3.15～21.42%之间，位于第1、7 染色体上2个控制整精米率的QTL存在显著环境互作，单个QTL与环境互作效应的贡献率分别为9.59%和13.58%。在第1染色体RM295标记附近同时检测到5个QTL，Qgc1a 、Qgc1b 、Qlwr1、QMr1b和QHr1，分别控制粒长、长宽比、精米率和整精米率，且该QTLs簇在2个环境下能稳定地被检测到。同时，还检测到10对上位性QTLs，所有上位性QTL都发生在不同染色体之间，其中，控制整精米率的4对QTL与土壤水分环境显著互作，其环境互作贡献率分别为14.29%、12.28%、10.56%和13.47%。控制粒长、粒宽、长宽比的6个加性QTL（Qgc1a、Qgc1b、Qgc5、Qgw6、Qlwr1、Qlwr10）与环境之间互作较小，在品质育种中可利用分子标记对其进行辅助选择，提高育种效率；而对于基因型×环境互作效应大的整精米率、垩白率应在特定环境(如土壤缺水条件)下进行选择，在特定水分胁迫条件选择目标亲本，并将抗旱基因导入该亲本方可选到品质较优的抗旱品种。     

仪征-长岭原油管道项目湘赣鄂标段水土保持监测

对仪征—长岭原油管道湘赣鄂标段开展了开发建设项目的水土保持监测工作内容包括：项目基本情况、监测范围及监测分区、监测内容、监测方法、监测结果分析等等。监测结果表明,该工程项目的扰动土地整治率、水土流失治理度、拦渣率、土壤流失控制比等指标都达到了防治标准,但植被恢复指数和林草覆盖率两项指标距预期目标还有较大差距。     

小麦/蚕豆间作条件下小麦的氮、钾营养对小麦白粉病的影响

通过小麦/蚕豆间作盆栽试验,研究比较了单作和间作条件下不同氮、钾营养水平对小麦氮、钾养分吸收和小麦白粉病发生的影响。结果表明:小麦蚕豆间作提高小麦子粒产量74.7%～133.9%,低氮条件下,间作提高小麦氮吸收量14.7%～169%;在高氮条件下,间作提高氮吸收量的优势降低;间作提高小麦钾吸收量32%～69%,增施钾肥提高小麦钾吸收量25.5%～57.3%。小麦间作蚕豆能明显减轻小麦白粉病的发生,间作平均防效达42.1%～83.1%;小麦白粉病的发生与小麦茎叶的氮吸收量呈显著正相关关系,r=0.623*～0.702*.*。     

~(137)Cs在卧龙自然保护区土壤中的分布特征

对137Cs在卧龙自然保护区内不同生态系统土壤中的分布特征进行测量分析的结果表明:137Cs在耕地土壤中均匀分布,在其余6种非耕地土壤中呈明显的指数递减分布;非耕地土壤在0~10 cm土层内存在一个137Cs富集层,富集层以下137Cs含量有一个骤降的过程;137Cs在耕地土壤中的分布深度大于耕层厚度20 cm,在非耕地土壤中的分布深度在24 cm左右;137Cs的面积浓度在高山草甸土壤中最大,在适温灌丛土壤中最小,前者是后者的2.6倍。     

有机无机配施及亏缺灌溉对关中地区冬小麦生长及氮素利用效率影响

研究不同比例有机无机肥配施与亏缺灌溉耦合作用下,冬小麦氮素累积、转运利用效率以及土壤硝态氮分布等状况,探求提高关中地区冬小麦产量的适宜有机无机配施比以及相应的亏缺灌溉量,为该地区冬小麦的高产高效提供科学有效的水肥管理。结合2个水平的灌溉(充分灌溉W1和亏缺灌溉W2),采用等氮的原则,对有机肥与无机肥按照不同比例混施(F1∶100%化肥、F2∶24%有机肥和76%化肥混施、F3∶48%有机肥和52%化肥混施),研究亏缺灌溉与有机无机肥配施对冬小麦氮素转运及利用效率影响和土壤硝态氮分布情况。有机无机配施能有效促进作物生长,显著增加作物籽粒产量以及显著提高开花期后氮素累积、分配和转运。在充分灌溉W1条件下,F2和F3处理的籽粒产量较F1处理提高12.0%～28.6%;亏缺灌溉W2条件下,有机肥处理的小麦籽粒产量提高16.6%～31.8%。在相同灌溉条件下,成熟期F2和F3处理相对F1处理,冬小麦氮素累积量、向籽粒转运量和氮肥生产效率分别提高了12.8%～40.4%、11.9%～36.5%、13.0%～31.6%;相同有机无机配施比例下(F2和F3),冬小麦亏缺灌溉W2处理下各种氮素吸收利用指标高于充分灌溉W1处理10.0%～28.5%。有机无机肥配施能够显著提高不同土层土壤硝态氮含量,在相同灌溉条件下,在0～100 cm土层F3处理硝态氮含量分别较F1和F2处理增加了66.4%～76.4%和1.2%～13.9%;相同有机无机配施比例下(F2和F3),在0～100 cm土层W1处理F1、F2、F3土壤硝态氮含量分别低于W2处理15.1%、9.9%、19.9%。48%化肥和52%有机肥配施、亏缺灌溉(50%)处理是该试验条件下冬小麦高产高效的最佳水肥管理模式。