两种马初乳组分动态变化的比较研究

比较和分析了10匹伊犁马和12匹新吉尔吉斯马与伊犁马的杂交一代初乳中的脂肪、非脂固形物、蛋白、密度、冰点、灰分、电导率等值.结果显示:在产后4 h里,伊犁马初乳中蛋白质极显著高于杂交马(P＜0.01),在产后前3 d,伊犁马初乳中的蛋白质、密度和粗灰分均显著高于杂交马(P＜0.05) .在产后前6 h,伊犁马初乳中非脂固形物极显著高于杂交马(P＜0.01) .     

基于SRAP标记的土沉香遗传多样性分析

【目的】在我国野生土沉香被大量被采伐,种质资源越来越少,甚至面临消失的情况下,为了利用与保护野生土沉香提供理论依据,采用SRAP分子标记对其种源遗传多样性进行分析。【方法】基于我国11个土沉香种源群体和越南2个土沉香种源群体的SRAP结果,应用POPGEN32软件对遗传多样性参数进行计算。【结果】各群体Nei's基因多样度指数的变化范围为0.1715~0.5394,Shannon多样性指数的变化范围为0.2491~0.4837,多态位点百分比的变化范围为42.03%~76.81%。运用GenAlex 6.4软件对土沉香13个群体进行分子方差分析(Analysis of molecular variance,AMOVA),结果显示有30%的遗传变异来自土沉香群体间,70%的遗传变异来自土沉香群体内。【结论】13个土沉香种源有中度的遗传多样性和遗传分化,野生土沉香种质资源正日渐稀少,应该加强资源的保护与利用。     

Effects on digestibility and growth of juvenile cobia (Rachycentron canadum) fed fish or crab silage protein

The study was conducted in Cam Ranh, Vietnam, in 1000‐L tanks supplied with recirculated and biofiltered saltwater (33‰ and 28.4 °C) to evaluate the potential use of lizard fish (Saurida undosquamis) or blue crab (Portunus pelagicus) acid silage protein for juvenile cobia (23–25 g). Six isoenergetic test moist diets (4915–5125 kcal kg^?1), using either raw fish diet, fish silage diet (FSD), raw crab diet, crab silage diet (CSD), mixed raw fish/raw crab diet or mixed fish/crab silage diet (MSD), as part of the protein sources in the steam‐cooked diets, were fed to satiety to triplicate groups of 20 fish each for a 6‐week growth trial. Y₂O₃ was added as an inert indicator to determine the apparent digestibility coefficients (ADC) for macro nutrients and gross energy. Weight gain (185–286%) and specific daily growth rate (2.5–3.2% per day) were significantly higher in cobia fed the raw‐based diets and FSD than in fish fed CSD and MSD (34–90 and 0.7–1.5% per day). Feed conversion ratios (FCR) were significantly higher in the groups fed CSD and MSD diets (2.1–6.5) than the groups fed the other diets (1.0–1.2), resulting in significantly lower protein productive values (0.1–0.2) in the groups fed CSD and MSD than in the other groups (0.3–0.4). The FCR results were confirmed by significantly lower ADC values in fish fed CSD and MSD than those in fish fed the other diets. We thus conclude that the present raw‐based diets were better utilized by juvenile cobia than silage‐based diets, particularly the diet made from crab silage.     

竞争性抑制酶联反应在量热式农残生物传感器中的试验研究

以量热式农残生物传感器为研究对象,借鉴免疫分析方法,进行竞争性抑制酶联反应在量热式农残生物传感器中的试验研究。结果表明,在甲胺磷浓度为0~0.004 mg.kg-1范围内,甲胺磷含量和放热量之间的线性较好,竞争性抑制酶联反应分析法测农药残留的最低检测限为0.0011 mg.kg-1,每次测定时间为20 min。     

豆胶杨木/麦秸复合刨花板制造工艺

研究利用无醛豆胶生产杨木/麦秸复合刨花板的制造工艺。采用正交试验设计方法,探讨了施胶量、杨木/麦秸刨花质量比例、热压温度、热压时间等工艺因素对刨花板的静曲强度、弹性模量、内结合强度、吸水厚度膨胀率等性能的影响。试验结果表明:利用无醛豆胶生产杨木/麦秸复合刨花板是可行的,厚度11 mm复合刨花板的优化工艺参数为施胶量14%、杨木/麦秸刨花质量比70/30、热压时间10 min、热压温度170℃。     

In vitro production of porcine embryos: current status,future perspectives and alternative applications

The pig is considered to be a suitable source of cells and organs for xenotransplants, as well as a transgenic animal to produce specific proteins, given the biological similarities it shares with human beings. However, the in vitro embryo production system in pigs is inefficient compared with those in other mammals, such as cattle or mice. Although numerous modifications have been applied to improve the efficiency of in vitro embryo production systems in pigs, not much progress has been made to overcome the problem of polyspermy, and low developmental ability due to insufficient cytoplasmic abilities of in vitro matured oocytes and improper culture conditions for the in vitro produced embryos. Recent achievements, such as the establishment of chemically defined medium and utilization of ‘zona hardening’ technique, have gained some success. However, further research for the reduction of polyspermy and detrimental effects of the culture systems in pigs is still needed.     

松香在木材防腐中的应用

从松香降低木材吸湿性、对水基木材防腐剂的固着以及抑木腐菌松香衍生物的制备3个方面讲述了松香在木材防腐中的应用现状.较高浓度的松香乳液处理对提高木材的耐腐性能有一定帮助,较低浓度的松香乳液处理就表现出对易流失的铜盐类防腐剂较好的固定作用.以松香为原料合成的松香胺类、季铵盐等衍生物能够赋予木材较好的耐腐性能,咪唑啉等其它活...     

豆胶的热反应特性及胶合特性分析

大豆蛋白胶因其可再生、可降解和环保性而受到广泛关注。豆胶的热反应特性和胶合特性研究结果显示:以20℃/min速率升温时,豆胶胶液在157℃时完全固化,在173℃开始降解;胶合板的胶合强度与涂胶量呈线性正相关。按热压温度160℃、热压时间80s/mm、压力1.6MPa、双面涂胶量450g/m2的工艺制备豆胶胶合板,其湿态胶合强度为0.78 MPa,满足GB/T 9846.3-2004《胶合板第3部分:普通胶合板通用技术条件》中Ⅱ类胶合板的要求。     

狼尾草刨花板制造工艺研究

采用正交实验设计的方法,研究了施胶量、热压温度、热压时间等工艺因素对狼尾草刨花板的静曲强度、弹性模量、内结合强度、吸水厚度膨胀率等性能的影响.研究结果表明:狼尾草应用在刨花板制造中是可行的;其中狼尾草刨花板制造的最佳工艺参数为施胶量13%、热压时间40 s/mm(板厚)、热压温度180℃.     

杂交粳稻亲本产量性状优异配合力的标记基因型筛选

提高杂交粳稻竞争优势的关键是改良其恢复系产量性状的配合力。为使之更富成效,选用115个SSR引物扩增6个粳稻BT型不育系和12个恢复系的标记基因型,并按NCII遗传设计配制72个F1组合,分析18个亲本的单株日产量、单株有效穗数、每穗总粒数、每穗实粒数、千粒重5个性状的配合力,结合亲本SSR分子标记数据和性状配合力数据筛选了5个性状优异配合力的标记基因型。结果发现20个SSR标记基因型与亲本产量及其构成性状配合力显著相关。其中8个与亲本单个性状配合力相关;6个同时与亲本2个性状配合力相关;4个同时与亲本3个性状配合力相关;2个同时与亲本4个性状配合力相关。同时与多个性状配合力相关的标记基因型,对各性状的作用方向有正有负。RM152-165/170是单株日产量和单株有效穗数优异配合力效应最大的标记基因型,可使F1的相应性状值增加20.6%和12.7%。优异配合力的标记基因型可直接用于粳稻恢复系配合力的分子标记辅助改良。