Knowledge,attitudes and practices towards <Emphasis Type="Italic">cystic echinococcosis</Emphasis> in livestock among selected pastoral and agro-pastoral communities in Uganda

A cross-sectional study was done from March 2013 to May 2014 to assess knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards cystic echinococcosis (CE) or hydatidosis among selected pastoral and agro-pastoral communities in Uganda. A structured questionnaire was administered to 381 respondents. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was done to find the relationship between knowledge about CE and factors such as age, sex, and level of education across all regions. The odds ratio and confidence interval were used to determine the difference in responses across regions. It was shown that age above 36 years was significantly (p < 0.001) associated with awareness about CE in livestock. Likewise, uneducated (p < 0.0001) and agro-pastoralists (p = 0.01) were significantly less knowledgeable than the educated and pastoralists across all regions. The overall knowledge towards CE in livestock was low 17.8% (95% CI = 14.0–21.6). Dog ownership was high and they never dewormed their freely roaming dogs. Dogs shared water with livestock. In conclusion, knowledge about CE in livestock was low across all regions. Therefore, public health education and formulation of policies towards its control by the relevant stakeholders should be done. Also, the true prevalence of CE in livestock needs to be done so that the magnitude and its public health significance are elucidated.     

微白黄链霉菌对红豆草壳二孢的拮抗效果评价

红豆草壳二孢叶斑黑茎病(Ascochyta onobrychidis)是红豆草(Onobrychis viciaefolia)最重要的病害之一,在分离此病菌的同时得到一种对此病菌具有较强抑制作用的微生物,为评价此拮抗菌的开发利用前景,本研究采用形态学、分子生物学和生物化学方法鉴定了其分类地位,并测定了其对红豆草壳二孢的抑菌效果。通过构建系统发育树并结合其形态特征和生理生化特性,将该拮抗菌鉴定为微白黄链霉菌(Streptomyces albidoflavu),在高氏一号培养基上菌落为黄白色,可产生黄白色水溶性色素,孢子丝钩状,顶端螺旋形;在平板对峙试验中该菌的菌落对红豆草壳二孢菌落的相对抑制率达74.33%,同时该菌发酵液对红豆草壳二孢菌丝生长和孢子萌发的抑制率分别为80.95%和93.87%。该菌具有生物防治红豆草壳二孢的开发和利用价值。     

试论我国“注水肉”监管技术体系建设

"注水肉"监管存在判定标准单一的问题,亟须建立畜禽肉监管技术体系。本文借鉴发达国家"消费理念引导"和"市场行为约束"理念,提出以"正常为主"为判定原则,从畜禽宰前管理、屠宰及市场监管多环节入手,通过畜禽行为学、组织形态学、正常肉敏感指标范围、近红外等特征图谱,以及畜禽肉水分限量等指标,提出了构建"注水肉"监管技术体系的新思路。     

欧盟国家非洲猪瘟流行情况及对我国防控工作的启示

非洲猪瘟(ASF)1957年首次扩散到欧洲,2014年再次从高加索地区传入,并迅速在波罗的海周边国家蔓延,至2018年4月已扩散至欧盟8个成员国,且逐渐呈现地方性流行态势。本文重点介绍了欧洲国家的ASF扩散史,综述了病毒在欧盟国家扩散的主要途径,梳理了欧盟的ASF防控法规和措施,并对我国ASF防控提出了建议,以期为ASF防控提供帮助。     

青海省2017—2019年州县级兽医系统实验室检测能力比对

为全面了解和提升兽医系统实验室检测能力,2017—2019年青海省动物疫病预防控制中心连续3年组织州县级兽医实验室开展检测能力比对工作.根据每年疫病的流行态势,设置PCR、ELISA以及传统类检测等比对项目.结果显示:2017—2019年实验室总体准确率分别为50.00％、56.82％、74.47％,样品总正确率分别为...     

谈在俄罗斯投资建设MDF项目的相关建设条件

MDF项目在我国已进入快速发展的时期,而俄罗斯尚处在起步阶段.科学把握市场动态,利用有利的建设条件,将MDF移植至俄罗斯,是森工企业发展外向型林业产业,促进中俄林业经济技术合作的一个重要选项.     

屋面防水卷材的渗漏原因与修复

分析了屋面防水卷材渗漏的原因:如外界环境因素的影响、施工方法不当的影响、屋顶本身构造及使用过程的影响等;并对其渗漏常见现象提出了解决方法.     

杉木不同世代不同类型种子园遗传改良增益研究

以浙江省17个无性系种子园为研究对象,连续2年采种育苗造林,进行2次4地点5区组的种子园子代测定试验,测定树高、胸径、材积、冠幅、侧枝等8个性状.结果表明:从未经遗传改良普通林分种子到1代、1.5代、2代种子园,子代生长增益是逐代增长的,但世代之间增幅明显下降.优良双系种子园子代生长增益最大,优良种源种子园次之.1代、1.5代和2代种子园,种源种子园,双系种子园的子代生长,在6年生时,树高生长现实增益分别为4.35%、6.04%、7.88%、12.02%和12.02%,遗传增益依次为3.90%、5.41%、7.06%、10.77%和10.77%;胸径现实增益为7.60%、9.68%、12.08%、15.05%和19.70%,遗传增益为7.07%、9.00%、11.23%、14.00%和18.32%;材积现实增益为20.65%、27.47%、32.14%、39.93%和46.14%,遗传增益为16.97%、22.58%、26.42%、32.82%和37.93%.为持续获得高增长的遗传改良效果,在高世代种子园建设中,应充分发掘和优先利用优良种源的优质种质资源;在提升育种群体遗传水平,保持遗传基础多样性的同时,建立双系种子园,实现工业原料林用种的品种化,应是今后的一个重要发展方向.     

Concentration variations of several ions in stream after a wildfire

In May 2006, a high intensity wildfire occurred in Songling forest region in Daxing＇an Mountains, China. The concentration changes of eight ions （K^＋, Na^＋, Ca^2＋, Mg^2＋, Cl^-, Br^-, NO3^- and SO4^2-） were measured in burned and tmbumed streams after fire from May to Oct., 2006. Results show that the most ions flux were higher in burned stream than that in unburned stream during the sampling period, and the greatest concentrations of most ions transported from burned stream occurred in July. After fire, the most amplitude chemical ion was Ca^2＋, whose average concentration was 5.50 mg·L^-1 higher than that in unburned stream, and the total concentration of every chemical ion presents a trend Ca^2＋〉SO4^2- 〉Na^＋〉Mg^2＋〉NO3^- . The average concentrations of Ca^2＋, SO4^2- , Na^＋＇Mg^2＋,NO3^- showed an increase trend, but those of K^＋, Cl^- , Br had a decreased trend. SO4^2- had the largest loss among these anions, followed by NO3^-. Overall, the increase degree of cation was greater than that of anion after burning.     

卫星遥感图像应用处理新模式的研究

卫星遥感图像增强与处理的研究旨在通过卫星遥感图像的处理,增强图像的显示质量,提高森林资源判读效果。通过应用ERDAS、ENYI遥感软件对TM、SPOT卫星数据的研究,实现资源调查卫片自主生产,降低了成本,提高了工作效率。