Berberine attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced impairments of intestinal glutamine transport and glutaminase activity in rat

Berberine was reported to protect against the intestinal injury and improve the survival rate in sepsis, and glutamine deficiency was considered to be correlated with mortality in sepsis. We found that berberine pretreatment ameliorated lipopolysaccharide-induced direct intestinal injury and mucosal hypoplasia and attenuated impairments of intestinal glutamine transport and glutaminase activity, B⁰AT1 mRNA and protein expressions, and glutaminase protein expression. These findings showed the first time that berberine pretreatment could improve intestinal recovery and attenuate the impairment of glutamine transport and glutaminase activity in rat sepsis. This might be one of the mechanisms for the beneficial effect of berberine on sepsis.     

武威绿洲灌区红枣引种栽培试验

为了比较不同枣树品种的生长结果特性,采用完全区组试验设计,在武威平川灌区就陕西笨枣、耙齿枣、骏枣、临泽小枣、山东躺枣、民勤小枣进行了对比试验,连续7年测定了其每m2树冠投影产量、果吊比、二次枝枣股数、枣头二次枝数、单果质量和单株产量,以其平均值作为枣树品种生产特性的评价指标.结果表明:除骏枣外,其它4个品种的综合性状优...     

红松种子园经济效益分析

文章通过辽宁清河城红松种子园建设投资及生产效益调查,运用技术经济分析方法,对清河城红松种子园的费用、收益和经济效益进行了全面分析,结果表明,营建红松种子园经济效益巨大,每公顷种子园一个生产周期,可创利68965540.09元,是投资的160倍,投资收益率高达11.2%,1元投资可带来102.98元的直接收益。种子收益是营建红松种子园最直接的效益,可长期持续高效获得。     

西安市东郊渭河河漫滩沉积与洪水变化

[目的]通过揭示历史时期洪水的演变,科学地预测洪水的发生,以求减少洪水灾害造成的损失。[方法]通过分析西安市东郊水流村剖面106个样品的粒度组成,研究了西安市渭河近230a来的洪水事件。[结果]剖面厚度约5m,沉积物主要由粗粉砂、极细砂、中砂和粗砂组成,在各层中变化明显,能够指示古洪水的变化。粒度成分和粒度参数指示,研究剖面中的洪水沉积可分为21层,表明西安市渭河近230a来至少发生了21次洪水事件,各阶段的洪水动力大小为:第18阶段17阶段15阶段16,19阶段21阶段4,5阶段3阶段1,2阶段6,7阶段10阶段11阶段8,9阶段13,14阶段12阶段20阶段。在研究剖面发生的21次洪水事件中,除第20次洪水外,其余洪水发生时河漫滩上的洪水深度均大于2m,均为大洪水事件。[结论]洪水沉积层的分布和粒度成分指示,第3,5,7,8次大洪水的发生是由于当年降水量的显著增加造成的,其余次洪水的发生可能是当年降水量增加造成的,也可能是当年降水量没有增加而是由于当年降水量集中造成的。     

离子交换树脂膜原位提取土壤有效性养分的探讨

连续3年在实验室内和利用盆栽及田间进行了利用离子交换树脂膜对土壤的原位测定,探讨影响树脂膜对土壤中养分离子吸收的因素;制定出一套包括树脂膜埋置方法,时间,洗脱土粒和解吸被树脂膜吸附的养分等的标准方法,称为植物根模拟法(Plant root simulator)。 通过400多个土壤样品测定结果表明,用树脂膜提取的土壤有效氮、磷、钾和硫与用常规化学法提出的量有显著相关。盆栽条件下,树脂膜原位埋置法对预测供试作物油菜吸取土壤有效养分的能力与常规化学法相当,而硫的效果更好。树脂膜在田间直接埋置能合理地表征土壤中硝态氮的分布,并具有同时提取土壤各种有效养分的能力。由于离子树脂交换膜不受地域影响,具有广泛的通用性,因而在土壤养分有效性的研究中应用前景广阔。     

秸秆批式和半连续式发酵物料浓度对沼气产率的影响

为比较秸秆批式发酵和半连续发酵工艺的产沼气效果,以水稻秸秆为单一发酵底物,开展了室内中温批式发酵和半连续发酵对比试验,以容积产气率和原料产气率为特征指标,研究不同料液浓度对秸秆批式和半连续发酵产沼气的影响,以期获得秸秆沼气工程适宜的运行参数。结果表明,批式发酵容积产气率随着TS浓度的增加而增加,但增幅逐渐减少;与静态批式发酵相比,间歇搅拌有助于提高批式发酵容积产气率,特别对高TS浓度处理容积产气率的提升效果更加明显;而半连续进料条件下更有利于高TS浓度处理容积产气率的提高,但各处理原料产气率均随着固物滞留时间(solid retention time,SRT)缩短而逐渐降低。综合考虑产气情况及工程应用实际,建议秸秆批式发酵底物质量分数不超过8%,而半连续发酵TS质量分数8%时SRT设计为20 d(容积产气率1.00 m3/(m3·d)),若发酵TS质量分数6%时,SRT设计为15 d,容积产气率0.75 m3/(m3·d),该运行参数为秸秆沼气工程发展提供了理论依据。     

Influence of fertilization and organic amendments on organic‐carbon fractions in Heilu soil on the loess plateau of China

The influence of fertilization on organic‐carbon fractions separated by density and particle size in Heilu soil (Calcic Kastanozems, FAO) was investigated in a 20‐year (1979–1999) long‐term experiment on the Loess Plateau of China. Compared to an unfertilized treatment, N application alone did not increase total organic carbon (TOC) and its fractions of density and particle size. However, the treatment of N + P fertilization significantly increased salty‐solution–soluble organic carbon (SSOC), microbial biomass C (MB‐C), and organic C associated with fine silt. When manure was applied alone and in combination with N and P fertilizer, the light fraction of organic C (LFOC), SSOC, and MB‐C were increased significantly, and the TOC was as high as that of a native Heilu soil. Organic C associated with different particle‐size fractions was also increased significantly, and the allocation of C among the fractions was altered: the proportions of C in sand (>50 μm), coarse‐silt (20–50 μm), and fine‐clay (<0.2 μm) fractions were increased whereas fine‐silt (2–20 μm) and coarse‐clay (0.2–2 μm) fractions were decreased. It is concluded that N fertilizer alone is not capable of restoring organic‐matter content in the Heilu soils of the Loess Plateau and that C‐containing material like manure and straw is necessary to produce significant increase in soil organic carbon in these soils.     

盖膜层数及酿热物厚度对烤烟苗床微气象特征的影响

不同盖膜层数及下垫不同厚度酿热物，改变了烤烟苗床的温度、湿度及光照度分布规律，形成了各不的微气象特征，进而影响烟苗的生长发育，根据贵州的试验结果表明：盖3层膜和单层膜下垫12 观厚酿热物苗床的微气象特征对烟苗生长有利，达到培育壮苗的目的.