北京春玉米机械粒收质量影响因素研究及品种筛选

2014～2016年在北京密云区和延庆区开展4个点次7组机械粒收试验。结果表明,破碎率均值为8.81%,高于《玉米收获机械技术条件(GB/T 21962-2008)》中规定子粒破碎率应≤5%的标准;杂质率均值为1.25%,总损失率为1.10%,分别低于≤3%和≤5%的国标标准。延迟10 d收获,供试6个品种玉米子粒含水率均值由25.9%降低到20.9%,下降了5个百分点,玉米收获质量得到显著改善,其中破碎率由5.71%下降到3.68%,降低了2.03个百分点。按双向平均作图法筛选出宁玉524,MC703,真金8号,登海9号和联创808等5个适宜机械粒收候选品种,其子粒含水率平均为23.27%,较对照郑单958低4.71个百分点;平均单产1 4921.7 kg/hm2,较郑单958对照高出14.87%。     

抗冻蛋白和冰核蛋白对植物抗冻性能的作用机制

植物抗冻蛋白是避免植物寒害冻害发生的重要物质,相对而言,极地的鱼类和昆虫的抗冻蛋白具有低热滞活性和高重结晶抑制活性的特征.冰核活性蛋白是由冰核活性细菌、真菌或昆虫合成的生物冰核剂,降温初期可提高水溶液的冰核形成的温度,温度过低时可降低水的过冷却点.比较分析了抗冻蛋白和冰核蛋白的生物学特性、蛋白特征及其对水分子固液两相间变化的调控机制,这对于揭示植物抗冻性能的复杂的作用机制和植物抗冻基因工程应用的研究有着重要的意义.     

用材林森林采伐量测算系统应用分析

确定合理采伐量调整森林结构、实现永续利用的强大手段,文章对用材林森林采伐量测算系统采用的参数、测算方法按不同资源分布情况进行系统分析,并通过对采伐量的控制和论证方法论述,最终能够确定科学合理的一般用材林森林采伐量。以此供大兴安岭地区经营单位用材林森林采伐量测算参考。     

厂矿园林绿化的特点与效益评价

基于厂矿园林绿化立地条件的特点,阐述了厂矿园林绿化树种选择的原则和各类树种配置比例,并从环境效益、社会效益和经济效益3个方面,对厂矿园林绿化进行了效益评价。     

An Image-Based Diagnostic Expert System for Corn Diseases

The annual worldwide yield losses due to pests are estimated to be billions of dollars. Integrated pest management （IPM） is one of the most important components of crop production in most agricultural areas of the world, and the effectiveness of crop protection depends on accurate and timely diagnosis of phytosanitary problems. Accurately identifying and treatment depends on the method which used in disease and insect pests diagnosis. Identifying plant diseases is usually difficult and requires a plant pathologist or well-trained technician to accurately describe the case. Moreover, quite a few diseases have similar symptoms making it difficult for non-experts to distinguish disease correctly. Another method of diagnosis depends on comparison of the concerned case with similar ones through one image or more of the symptoms and helps enormously in overcoming difficulties of non-experts. The old adage ＇a picture is worth a thousand words＇ is crucially relevant. Considering the user＇s capability to deal and interact with the expert system easily and clearly, a webbased diagnostic expert-system shell based on production rules （i.e., IF 〈 effects 〉 THEN 〈 causes 〉） and frames with a color image database was developed and applied to corn disease diagnosis as a case study. The expert-system shell was made on a 32-bit multimedia desktop microcomputer. The knowledge base had frames, production rules and synonym words as the result of interview and arrangement. It was desired that 80% of total frames used visual color image data to explain the meaning of observations and conclusions. Visual color image displays with the phrases of questions and answers from the expert system, enables users to identify any disease, makes the right decision, and chooses the right treatment. This may increase their level of understanding of corn disease diagnosis. The expert system can be applied to diagnosis of other plant pests or diseases by easy changes to the knowledge base.     

生产兼绿化型板栗新品种红栗2号选育及栽培要点

红栗2号是从红栗实生后代中选出的变异优株,在多省区域试验中表现早实、丰产、优质、抗逆性强,适生范围广。坚果光亮美观,平均单粒重10.3 g,果肉黄色,细糯香甜,含糖量高,炒食风味佳。一年生枝条、叶柄、总苞均为鲜红色,甚为美观,可做园林绿化树种,综合性状明显优于红栗。     

西南地区中、小型山地城市绿地系统规划研究

根据对多个西南地区中、小型山地城市的绿地系统规划实例研究,分析并总结了西南地区山地中、小型山地城市的绿地系统规划的绿地结构特点和公园绿地、生产绿地、防护绿地及附属绿地的独特之处,最后针对规划中存在的问题提出了建议。     

Ce-Zr-La-Co复合氧化物与LaCoO_3/Ce_(0.6)Zr_(0.4)O_2的催化性能与结构分析

采用柠檬酸法制备了Ce-Zr-La-Co复合氧化物催化剂和LaCoO3/Ce0.6Zr0.4O2负载型催化剂,并用热重法测试了2种催化剂对碳烟的催化活性,催化剂LaCoO3/Ce0.6Zr0.4O2显示了更高的活性,碳烟的起燃温度是542℃,低于Ce-Zr-La-Co复合氧化物催化剂的552℃,比纯碳烟的起燃温度低97℃.采用程序升温还原法(Hydrogen Temperature-programmed Reduction,H2-TPR)、N2吸附BET、X-射线衍射仪(X-ray Diffraction,XRD)、傅立叶红外仪(Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy,FTIR)和X-射线光电子能谱仪(X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy,XPS)等技术对催化剂进行了表征.结果表明,XRD显示负载型氧化物LaCoO3/Ce0.6 Zr0.4 O2形成了完好的钙钛矿结构相,而Ce-Zr-La-Co复合氧化物则形成了铈锆固溶体为主以及少量的钙钛矿和Co3O4氧化物相;XPS结果显示LaCoO3/Ce0.6Zr0.4O2催化剂表面弱吸附氧Oˉ的含量...     

耧斗菜(Aquilegia viridiflora)开花生物学特性初步研究

对Aquilegia viridiflora的开花动态、花粉贮藏特性、柱头可授性及花粉在柱头萌发情况的观察等开花生物学特性进行观察研究。结果表明,Aquilegia viridiflora单朵花期为12~15 d左右;新鲜花粉较适宜萌发的培养液为10%蔗糖+0.05%氯化钙,萌发率可达到87.6%,-20℃条件下花粉保存3个月以后仍有活力;不同发育时期均具有不同程度的可授性,授粉最佳时期为开花后4~5 d;通过观察Aquilegiaviridiflo-ra的花粉在Aquilegia parviflora柱头上的萌发情况,花粉可在柱头上正常萌发并到达子房与胚珠结合,发现两者之间不存在不亲和的现象。     

图牧吉国家级自然保护区鸟类资源

文章阐述了图牧吉国家级自然保护区地理位置、鸟类种类、区系成分特征、国家重点保护种类、生态分布及迁徙时间、途径等。