浙西南山区巨峰葡萄平棚避雨栽培病害发生及防治

总结浙西南山区巨峰葡萄平棚避雨栽培主要病害的发生规律,并提出防治措施。     

Effect of L-lysine Added in Diluent on the Fresh Semen Quality of Dorper Sheep

In order to explore the effect of different L-lysine levels added in semen dilution on the fresh Dorper sheep quality stored at liquid state,3 health Dorper ram were used to collect semen which were equal-packaged and added to solution containing different levels (0,0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4 and 0.5 g) L-lysine in 120 mL diluent and at 0,6,24,30,48,54,72 and 78 h,the sperm motility,membrane integrity and acrosome integrity were detected.The results showed that the sperm motility in groups added 0,0.1 and 0.2 g L-lysine were higher than other groups,and that in 0.4 and 0.5 g L-lysine groups decreased faster than other groups;The sperm motility in 0.5 g L-lysine group reduced to 0 at 30 h,and it reduced to 0 at 48 h in the group added 0.4 g L-lysine;The effective survival time and survival index in the group added 0.1 g L-lysine was higher than other groups (P< 0.05);The membrane integrity of 0.1 g group was the highest,that had no significant difference with control group from 0 to 54 h (P >0.05),while after 72 h the two groups had significant differences (P< 0.05).The membrane integrity in 0.4 and 0.5 g groups were the worst,and that was significant different with other groups (P< 0.05);The acrosome integrity of 0.1 g group was the highest which had no significant difference with control group (P >0.05),0.4 and 0.5 g groups were the worst,the difference between them was not significant (P >0.05),while was extremely significant difference with other groups except for 0 and 6 h (P< 0.01).The results suggested that dilution added a high concentration of L-lysine could inhibit sperm quality,when the count of L-lysine was more than 0.2 g,sperm quality was significantly decreased,adding 0.1 g L-lysine could improve Dorper sheep fresh sperm quality stored at liquid state.     

TCDCA对IL-1β刺激下AA大鼠成纤维样滑膜细胞中PGE2分泌的影响

[目的] 进一步探讨牛磺鹅去氧胆酸（taurochenodeoxycholic acid,TCDCA）在抗炎免疫方面的潜在调节作用。[方法] 以AA大鼠成纤维样滑膜细胞作为研究对象,采用ELISA方法检测TCDCA和IL-1β作用下AA大鼠成纤维样滑膜细胞上清液中PGE₂的含量,分析TCDCA对IL-1β刺激下AA大鼠成纤维样滑膜细胞中PGE₂分泌情况的影响。[结果] TCDCA能够对IL-1β刺激下AA大鼠纤维样滑膜细胞PGE₂的分泌产生下调作用（P<0.05）。[结论] TCDCA对IL-1β刺激下AA大鼠成纤维样滑膜细胞中PGE₂的分泌具有抑制作用,为TCDCA在兽医临床应用提供依据。     

感应热处理工艺对拖拉机轴类零件扭转强度的影响

对驱动轮工艺轴进行了7种工艺方案的感应热处理表面强化,然后对工艺轴进行扭转破坏试验。通过对驱动轮工艺轴扭转断裂的研究,为驱动轮轴及承受扭力的轴类零件结构设计、工艺流程设计和热处理技术要求提供指导,从而提高其扭转疲劳强度和使用寿命。     

农村非正式组织对农户收入影响的实证分析——以浙江省慈溪市为例

农民作为“三农”改革中受影响最深的群体，有着强烈的利益表达愿望，目前农村生产现状及国家相关法制尚不完善，使得农户的利益受到了损害，农户需要寻找一种途径来使自己受损的这部分利益得到补偿。在这种情况下，非正式组织的出现很好地弥补了这一空缺。国家可以根据非正式组织的特点，了解其运行模式的优越性，制定并健全相关政策制度，进行正面引导；另外对一些具有正面借鉴意义的非正式组织进行保护和支持，派遣相应的技术人员进行实地指导和培训，同时国家可以给予适当的补助，使其健康有序持续发展。     

甲壳素对连作平邑甜茶生长、光合及抗氧化酶的影响

以苹果连作土盆栽的平邑甜茶幼苗为试材,探讨了0、0.5、1.0和2.5 g·kg-1不同施入量的甲壳素对其光合速率、活性氧含量及抗氧化酶活性的影响。结果表明,1.0 g·kg-1的甲壳素处理能显著促进幼苗株高、地径,干样质量和根冠比的增加,根冠比为对照的1.51倍;明显提高了幼苗叶片光合色素含量、净光合速率和蒸腾速率,其中光合速率为对照的1.30倍;同时提高了幼苗叶片超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)活性,分别为对照的1.10倍、1.85倍、1.77倍和1.43倍;减少了叶片丙二醛(MDA)、过氧化氢(H2O2)和超氧阴离子的积累,分别为对照的73%、62%和34%,降低了脯氨酸(Pro)和可溶性糖含量。当甲壳素施用量为2.5 g·kg-1时则显著抑制平邑甜茶幼苗生长,降低幼苗叶片光合速率和抗氧化酶活性,并使超氧阴离子和脯氨酸含量明显上升。因此,适宜用量的甲壳素能减轻苹果的连作障碍。     

苗盘烟雾消毒方法对烤烟苗盘处理效果研究

为了验证苗盘烟雾消毒方法对烤烟苗盘的处理效果和安全性,试验设计了常规高锰酸钾消毒和苗盘烟雾消毒2种方法,结果表明:苗盘烟雾消毒方法省工省时,药剂用量和耗水量少,对烤烟苗盘有着较好的消毒效果,且对烟苗生长没有负面作用。     

Analysis of the independent-and interactive-photo-thermal effects on soybean flowering

Soybean(Glycine max(L.) Merr.) is a typical short-day and warm season plant, and the interval between emergence and flowering has long been known to be regulated by environmental factors, primarily photoperiod and temperature. While the effects of photoperiod and temperature on soybean flowering have been extensively studied, a dissection of the component photo-thermal effects has not been documented for Chinese germplasm. Our objective of the current study was to evaluate the independent- and interactive-photo-thermal responses of 71 cultivars from 6 ecotypes spanning the soybean production regions in China. These cultivars were subjected in pot experiments to different temperature regimes by planting in spring(low temperature(LT)) and summer(high temperature(HT)), and integrating with short day(SD, 12 h), natural day(ND, variable day-length), and long day(LD, 16 h) treatments over two years. The duration of the vegetative phase from emergence to first bloom(R1) was recorded, and the photo-thermal response was calculated. The outcome of this characterization led to the following conclusions:(1) There were significant differences in photo-thermal response among the different ecotypes. High-latitude ecotypes were less sensitive to the independent- and interactive-photo-thermal effects than low-latitude ecotypes; and(2) there was an interaction between photoperiod and temperature, with the effect of photoperiod on thermal sensitivity being greater under the LD than the SD condition, and with the effect of temperature on photoperiodic sensitivity being greater under the LT than the HT condition. The strengths and limitations of this study are discussed in terms of implications for current knowledge and future research directions. The study provides better understanding of photo-thermal effects on flowering in soybean genotypes from different ecotypes throughout China and of the implications for their adaptation more broadly.     

黄花蒿提取物对菜蚜的杀虫活性研究

以丙酮、乙醇及水作溶剂，研究了黄花蒿全株干粉的3种溶剂提取物及其提取物不同浓度对菜蚜的触杀和胃毒活性。结果表明3种提取物对蚜虫都具有较强的毒杀活性，回归分析表明随着浓度升高杀虫时间缩短。LD50结果说明丙酮提取物的杀虫活性最强，乙醇提取物次之，最次是水提取物。独立样本t检验比较触杀效果和胃毒效果，表明黄花蒿各提取物均是触杀效果高于胃毒作用。     

胡杨河市棉铃虫理化诱控集成技术研究

为践行绿色植保理念,推动胡杨河市农药减量控害,研究棉铃虫在新型种植模式(稀-早-优)下的诱控技术.以性诱、灯诱、食诱为主体,以化学防治技术为辅助,开展棉铃虫的理化诱控集成技术研究.结果显示,理化防控区棉田落卵量较对照区降低,新增蕾铃被害率降低,防治成本较常规化学防治区降低909元/hm2.然而,理化诱控技术单一使用较为容易,如何与化学防治集成需进一步探索.因此,在新型种植模式下,理化诱控集成技术可以更好地防治棉铃虫,保护天敌,调控生态平衡,经济效益及生态效益显著.