基于HACCP体系的实验室安全分析及管理实践——以广东海洋大学海洋药物研究所为例

为加强实验室安全管理,探讨了基于HACCP理论的实验室危害分析与安全管理实践。以广东海洋大学海洋药物所为例,通过对实验室特点的分析,利用HACCP理论进行了危害分析(HA),确定了关键控制点(CCPs),提出了HACCP计划;并建立了以此为基础的实验室安防控制体系,进行了实验室安全管理的实践,显著提高了实验室的安全。     

香格里拉产区“赤霞珠”葡萄果实品质积累规律

以欧亚种酿酒葡萄"赤霞珠"为试材,采用分光光度法,系统比较了金沙江流域和澜沧江流域不同海拔"赤霞珠"葡萄果实品质差异及其发育期品质指标的积累规律,以期为香格里拉及世界其它高海拔产区优质和特色葡萄与葡萄酒的生产提供参考。结果表明:较长的日照时长、较强的紫外辐射及较大的温差使得位于海拔2 121m的溜筒江生产的"赤霞珠"葡萄果实还原糖含量最高(265.16g·L^-1),总酸最低(4.01g·L^-1)。另外,位于海拔2 238m的达日生产的"赤霞珠"葡萄果实总酚、单宁和果皮总花色苷含量最高(分别为8.58mg·g^-1、11.54mg·g^-1和160.53A520·g^-1)。金沙江和澜沧江流域各产地发育期葡萄果实可溶性固形物和还原糖含量均呈升高趋势,总酸均呈先增加后降低趋势。金沙江流域(瓦卡和达日)比澜沧江流域(西当、斯农和阿东)葡萄果实还原糖快速积累期和总酸快速下降期普遍提前2周左右。金沙江流域和澜沧江流域各产地在海拔2 000～2 250m范围内,成熟期葡萄果实中总酚、单宁和果皮总花色苷含量随着葡萄园海拔升高而升高,并均在各流域2 250m附近的葡萄园达最高。随着葡萄园海拔再度升高,到海拔最高的阿东(2 602m),其葡萄果实中总酚和单宁的含量又有所下降,但是果皮总花色苷没有显著变化。金沙江流域2个产地葡萄果实总酚和单宁含量在整个发育期内的积累规律与澜沧江流域4个产地不同,且达到最大值的时期也不同。可能是由于澜沧江流域溜筒江产地的风土条件与金沙江流域类似,其发育期内品质指标,特别是还原糖和总酸含量的变化与金沙江流域具有类似的模式。     

草地贪夜蛾的天敌昆虫资源、应用现状及存在的问题与建议

草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda（J.E.Smith）是原产于美洲热带和亚热带地区的重大农业害虫,具有迁飞快、寄主广、繁殖强、为害重、适生力强等特点。自2019年初入侵我国以来,现已蔓延到我国21个省（市、自治区）,草地贪夜蛾将在我国定殖并呈现周年常态化发生态势,对我国玉米产业的发展构成严重威胁。本文综述了草地贪夜蛾的国内外寄生性和捕食性天敌昆虫及其应用情况,并就我国天敌昆虫产业发展的现状和存在的问题提出了建议,以期为应用天敌昆虫防控草地贪夜蛾提供参考。     

红颈常室茧蜂雌性生殖系统及卵巢管形态学观察

利用光学显微镜和透射电镜观察红颈常室茧蜂Peristenus spretus Chen et van Achterberg雌性生殖系统结构、卵巢发育和卵子发生、卵子超微结构,并对15℃和23℃饲养条件下不同日龄的雌蜂卵巢管长度、卵巢管内卵室大小与成熟度进行了比较,揭示了该茧蜂雌性生殖系统结构与特征。结果表明：1）红颈常室茧蜂生殖系统结构主要包括一对卵巢、2条输卵管、中输卵管等;2）雌成虫在羽化前期（1～3 d）卵巢内的成熟卵粒较少,卵巢管内含有大量的卵原细胞,卵子内充满了大量的脂滴,中后期（5～11 d）随着脂肪体的降解吸收,卵子内逐渐新生一些线粒体、高尔基体等细胞器,其内存在滋养细胞、卵母细胞,并且滋养细胞无细胞膜存在。3）同一温度不同日龄红颈常室茧蜂卵粒数、成熟卵子数均差异显著,23℃下红颈常室茧蜂每条卵巢管内的日均卵子数20.70粒,显著高于15℃的日均卵子数18.65粒。     

miR-140-3p inhibits viability,invasion and migration of non-small-cell lung cancer A549 cells by targeting PD-L1

AIM: To explore the target relationship between microRNA-140-3p (miR-140-3p) and programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and their effect on the viability, migration and invasion of non-small-cell lung cancer A549 cells.METHODS: RT-qPCR was used to detect the miR-140-3p expression in HLF-1, A549 and H1299 cells, and then the A549 cells with the most significant difference were selected as the subsequent research object. TargetScan software and dual-luciferase reporter assay were performed to predict and confirm the target relationship between miR-140-3p and PD-L1. RT-qPCR and Western blot were used to determine the effects of miR-140-3p mimic and inhibitor on PD-L1 expression level. MTT assay was used to detect the viability of A549 cells. Transwell assay was performed to detect the migration and invasion abilities of the A549 cells.RESULTS: miR-140-3p was significantly down-regulated in the A549 cells and H1299 cells (P<0.05). Transfection with miR-140-3p mimic decreased the expression of PD-L1 and inhibited the viability, migration and invasion of the A549 cells. Transfection with pcDNA3.0-PD-L1 reversed the inhibitory effect of miR-140-3p on the viability, migration and invasion of the A549 cells.CONCLUSION: miR-140-3p inhibits the viability, migration and invasion of A549 cells by targeting PD-L1.     

七星瓢虫对草地贪夜蛾低龄幼虫的捕食能力评价

为了评估七星瓢虫Coccinella septempunctata对重大入侵害虫草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda（J.E.Smith）的防控效果,本试验在室内条件下开展了七星瓢虫对草地贪夜蛾1龄、2龄幼虫的捕食功能反应和种内干扰研究。结果表明：七星瓢虫对草地贪夜蛾幼虫的捕食功能反应均符合HollingⅡ模型,七星瓢虫对草地贪夜蛾1龄幼虫的日最大捕食量、瞬时攻击率和处理时间分别为233.100头、1.204和0.103 h;对草地贪夜蛾2龄幼虫的日最大捕食量、瞬时攻击率和处理时间分别为41.220头、1.075和0.582 h。七星瓢虫的搜寻效应随猎物密度的增加而逐渐降低。七星瓢虫对草地贪夜蛾的捕食作用受到较强的种内干扰。试验证明七星瓢虫对草地贪夜蛾具有较好的控害效果,可用于对草地贪夜蛾的防控实践。     

Reversing effect of naringin on cisplatin resistance in human lung cancer A549/DDP cells

AIM: To investigate the effect of naringin (NRG) on cisplatin (DDP) resistance in human lung cancer A549/DDP cells and its possible mechanism. METHODS: A549/DDP cells were cultured in vitro and treated with NRG and/or DDP at different concentrations for 24 h, and then the cell viability were measured by CCK-8 assay. The combination index (CI) of NRG and DDP were analyzed by Chou-Talalay method. The apoptosis rate was analyzed by flow cytometry. Western blot was performed to detect the protein levels of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (MRP1), p-Akt, CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4), cleaved caspase-3, Bcl-2 and Bax.RESULTS: The protein levels of P-gp, MRP1, p-Akt and CXCR4 in the A549/DDP cells were higher than those in the A549 cells (P<0.05). The cell viability was remarkably reduced in a dose-dependent manner when A549/DDP cells were exposed to NRG and/or DDP (P<0.05), and the IC₅₀ values of NRG and DDP were 36.92 μmol/L and 129.77 μmol/L, respectively. When the inhibition rate exceeded 15%, NRG in combination with DDP produced a synergistic effect (CI<1). Combination treatment with NRG and DDP significantly induced apoptosis (P<0.05), up-regulated the protein levels of cleaved caspase-3 and Bax, and down-regulated the protein level of Bcl-2 (P<0.05). Meanwhile, NRG remarkably down-regulated the protein levels of P-gp, MRP1, p-Akt and CXCR4 in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: NRG may enhance the sensibility of A549/DDP cells to DDP most likely via up-regulating the protein level of Bax and down-regulating the protein levels of Bcl-2, P-gp, MRP1, p-Akt and CXCR4.     

Regulatory effect of astragaloside IV on SDF-1α/CXCR4 in EPCs

AIM: To investigate the effects of astragaloside IV (AS-IV) on chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) and stromal cell-derived factor 1α (SDF-1α) in endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and its mechanism. METHODS: Rat bone marrow-derived EPCs were cultured in vitro. The proliferation, adhesion, migration, apoptosis and tube formation capacity of EPCs treated with AS-IV and AMD3100, a specific blocker of CXCR4, were observed. The effects of AS-IV on the expression of SDF-1α/CXCR4 at mRNA and protein levels and the protein level of p-CXCR4 in the EPCs were determined. RESULTS: AS-IV significantly enhanced the proliferation, adhesion, migration and tube formation abilities of EPCs, reduced the apoptosis of EPCs, and up-regulated the mRNA and protein expression of SDF-1α and CXCR4 and the p-CXCR4 protein level in the EPCs. On the other hand, AMD3100 blocked the up-regulating effect of AS-IV on the mRNA and protein expression of CXCR4 and the p-CXCR4 protein level in the EPCs, but did not affect the effect of AS-IV on the expression of SDF-1α. CONCLUSION: AS-IV might enhance the biological function of EPCs by regulating the expression of SDF-1α/CXCR in EPCs.     

改良石蜡切片法观察金针菇子实体不同发育时期组织结构

运用改良石蜡切片法制备了金针菇(Flammulina filiformis)子实体不同发育时期的切片,观察其菌褶和菌柄的细胞结构。结果表明,以柠檬烯为透明剂,金针菇子实体组织结构清晰、完整、无皱缩。观察不同发育时期的金针菇子实体组织切片发现,金针菇原基内部有呈菌丝无规则扭结状态的菌盖结构,随着子实体不断发育,菌盖下端有菌褶结构分化,随后菌柄结构随菌盖发育而进一步分化,菌柄组织细胞状纵向紧密排列,横切面有维管束状细胞呈外紧密内疏松状排列且其间有孔洞出现,菌褶菌髓部呈菌丝与球泡状细胞共同存在的异型分布结构。     

遵义市辣椒产业现状及发展战略

遵义市是中国辣椒之都,位于全国最大的辣椒主产区西南和华中的中心区域,也是全国辣椒消费重辣区,其交通便捷,环境优美,辣椒产业文化丰富。当前遵义辣椒产业正处在基地优化、技术升级和产业提升的关键时期,亟需理清发展思路。通过对遵义辣椒产业现状的阐述与问题的分析,从而针对性地提出了发挥种植优势、突出产品特色,优化产区布局、推广生态化栽培,培育大型加工企业、促进加工产业升级与转型等战略,以促进遵义辣椒产业的发展。