一起雉鸡念珠菌病

某雉鸡养殖场新孵出的１６００只雏鸡,按常规方法育雏,２０日龄发生了以食欲不振、生长发育不良为主要症状的传染病,曾用多种抗菌药物和抗球虫药物治疗均无效,先后死亡和淘汰１６４只。根据临床症状、病理剖检和实验室检查,诊断为念珠菌病,用硫酸铜连续饮水５ｄ,病情得以控制,鸡群生长发育恢复正常。１流行病学该场新孵出的１６００只雉鸡,严格按照规定育雏,７日龄用新城疫和传支二联疫苗（ＶＨ Ｈ１２０ ２８／８６）点眼,１４日龄用进口法氏囊疫苗Ｂ３８饮水免疫;防疫间隙先后用蒽诺沙星、痢特灵、环丙沙星等药物预防,饮水中经常添加速补…     

Characteristics of nucleotides and amino acids in cDNA sequence of xyloglucan endotransglycosylase cloned from <Emphasis Type="Italic">Anthocephalus chinensis</Emphasis>

Xyloglucan endotransglycosylase is an identified relaxation factor with functions of easing and extending of plant cell walls.Its activities are directly related to plant growth and elongation of organisms.Anthocephalus chinensis is a tall and fast growing evergreen tree species.We cloned the full cDNA sequence of AcEXT genes which is abundantly expressed in the cambium of A.chinensis.The sequence analysis of nucleotides and amino acids revealed the presence of a 1396 bp full cDNA sequence,including a 960 bp complete open reading frame(ORF) encoding a 320 amino acid protein.The deduced amino acid sequence of AcXET was homologous to the other known XET proteins and contained the conserved EIDFE catalytic site which was specific to all the XETs.Our data should serve as a foundation for further insight into AcXET gene molecular mechanisms during wood formation and cell wall engineering of woody plants.     

蜡样芽孢杆菌和嗜酸乳杆菌发酵条件的优化

研究旨在对动物饲料中添加的蜡样芽孢杆菌和嗜酸乳杆菌的发酵条件进行优化。利用正交试验对两种杆菌的生长条件进行优化并验证。研究结果表明:蜡样芽孢杆菌培养的最佳条件为葡萄糖1.5%、蔗糖1.5%、淀粉0.5%、牛肉粉0.5%、蛋白胨1.5%、酵母粉1%、硫酸铵0.5%、培养时间18～20 h,活菌数可达1.3×10¹²CFU/mL,较优化之前的8×10¹¹CFU/mL提高了62.5%。嗜酸乳杆菌最佳生长条件为MRS液体培养基中添加1%大豆蛋白胨、2%葡萄糖、20%番茄汁、发酵时间22 h,最大活菌数达1.9×10¹¹CFU/mL,较优化之前的1.3×10¹¹CFU/mL提高了46.15%。使用优化的条件进行蜡样芽孢杆菌和嗜酸乳杆菌进行发酵,可以极大地提高发酵水平和活菌数,有效降低生产成本。     

警犬参与碎尸察侦破解析

2007年10月28日上午,家住新疆维吾尔自治区塔城地区沙湾县三道河子镇的邵××在离其住处附近金沟河水管所的一座废弃平房内发现一具无头尸体,随即报警.现场留有一具无头男性尸体,头颅被从颈部割下后不知去向,现场发现有明显的两人足迹,判断为一人作案且作案时带有手套.     

桑枝皮总黄酮提取工艺条件的优化试验

桑枝皮具有多种药用功效,其主要活性成分之一为黄酮类化合物。采用乙醇浸提法提取桑枝皮中的黄酮类化合物,在单因素试验考察提取温度、原料质量浓度、溶剂乙醇的浓度以及提取时间等因素对桑枝皮总黄酮提取效果的影响基础上,采用正交试验优化提取工艺条件。提取工艺条件中各因素对桑枝皮总黄酮提取效果的影响程度依次为乙醇体积分数提取温度提取时间原料质量浓度。确定桑枝皮总黄酮提取的最佳工艺条件为:提取温度80℃,原料质量浓度33g/L,乙醇体积分数70%,提取时间120min。在此条件下,桑枝皮总黄酮的提取率可达1.01%。     

蔷薇科甜茶加工应用研究进展

蔷薇科甜茶营养丰富,含有甜茶甙、多酚、黄酮等多种活性物质。总结了蔷薇科甜茶的加工应用状况,为蔷薇科甜茶的进一步加工应用和市场开发提供参考。     

Astaxanthin Normalizes Epigenetic Modifications of Bovine Somatic Cell Cloned Embryos and Decreases the Generation of Lipid Peroxidation

Astaxanthin is an extremely common antioxidant scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) and blocking lipid peroxidation. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of astaxanthin supplementation on oocyte maturation, and development of bovine somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos. Cumulus–oocyte complexes were cultured in maturation medium with astaxanthin (0, 0.5, 1.0, or 1.5 mg/l), respectively. We found that 0.5 mg/l astaxanthin supplementation significantly increased the proportion of oocyte maturation. Oocytes cultured in 0.5 mg/l astaxanthin supplementation were used to construct SCNT embryos and further cultured with 0, 0.5, 1.0 or 1.5 mg/l astaxanthin. The results showed that the supplementation of 0.5 mg/l astaxanthin significantly improved the proportions of cleavage and blastulation, as well as the total cell number in blastocysts compared with the control group, yet this influence was not concentration dependent. Chromosomal analyses revealed that more blastomeres showed a normal chromosomal complement in 0.5 mg/l astaxanthin treatment group, which was similar to that in IVF embryos. The methylation levels located on the exon 1 of the imprinted gene H19 and IGF2, pluripotent gene OCT4 were normalized, and global DNA methylation, H3K9 and H4K12 acetylation were also improved significantly, which was comparable to that in vitro fertilization (IVF) embryos. Moreover, we also found that astaxanthin supplementation significantly decreased the level of lipid peroxidation. Our findings showed that the supplementation of 0.5 mg/l astaxanthin to oocyte maturation medium and embryo culture medium improved oocyte maturation, SCNT embryo development, increased chromosomal stability and normalized the epigenetic modifications, as well as inhibited overproduction of lipid peroxidation.     

中国农作物长势遥感监测研究综述

农作物长势监测的目的是为早期估产提供依据,同时为田间管理提供及时的信息。笔者总结了中国农作物长势监测的研究进展、研究方法,指出用于长势监测的遥感数据空间分辨率较低,常用的监测指标具有局限性,监测精度有待提高。“3S”技术的集成发展,进一步实现一体化应用于该领域仍是今后的发展方向。随着农作物长势运行化监测系统的进一步完善,对田间管理的诊断需求会日益加剧,因此作物长势的诊断将成为今后的研究重点。     

营养液浓度及pH值对山葵生长及光合速率的影响

 探讨了0.5、1.0、1.5 倍日本园试营养液3 种浓度(以清水为对照) 和5.4、6.0、6.6、7.2 等4 种pH 值对山葵生长和光合速率的影响。结果表明, 在营养液1.0 倍和pH 6.0 条件下, 山葵平均根茎鲜质量为42.75 g , 且叶绿素含量和净光合速率显著高于其它处理。     

葡萄霜霉病菌拮抗放线菌PY-1发酵条件优化

为探讨暗黑链霉菌Streptomyces atratus PY-1液体摇瓶发酵条件,提高其活性次级代谢产物的产量,以菌体生物量和发酵液抑制葡萄霜霉病菌Plasmopara viticola活性为指标,采用单因子试验和正交试验对菌株PY-1的最适发酵培养基成分及发酵条件进行优化。结果表明,菌株PY-1最适发酵培养基为玉米粉50 g/L、葡萄糖5 g/L、蛋白胨5 g/L、氯化铵5 g/L、氯化钠 0.5 g/L;最佳发酵培养条件为培养温度28 ℃、培养时间5 d、初始pH 7.0、250 mL三角瓶装液量90 mL、接种量体积分数5%、摇床转速180 r/min。在最佳发酵培养基和培养条件下,菌株PY-1发酵液抑菌率达到99.26%,抑菌能力提高8.35%。