Increasing selenium supply during the close-up dry period improves nutrient metabolism and attenuates inflammatory response after calving in dairy cows

The objective of this study was to investigate whether feeding selenium (Se)-replete cows a Se-yeast supplement in late pregnancy affects nutrient metabolism and inflammatory response during the periparturient period. Twenty cows were randomly assigned to two groups with 10 cows each. Cows in one group received Se-yeast at 0.3 mg Se/kg DM during the last 4 weeks before calving in addition to fed a TMR containing supplemented sodium selenite at 0.3 mg Se/kg DM (Se-yeast), while cows in another group were only fed a TMR containing supplemented sodium selenite at 0.3 mg Se/kg DM (Control). Blood samples were collected and analyzed for nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), β-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA), glucose, insulin, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, serum amyloid A (SAA), haptoglobin (Hp), and albumin. In control cows, plasma NEFA, IL-1β, IL-6, SAA, and Hp levels increased after calving, but glucose, insulin, and albumin levels decreased after parturition. Se-yeast supplemental cows had lower postpartum concentrations of NEFA, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, SAA, and Hp, and higher postpartum levels of glucose, insulin, and albumin compared with control cows. The results indicate that feeding Se-replete cows a Se-yeast supplement in late pregnancy improves nutrient metabolism and attenuates the inflammatory response after calving.     

Research Progress of Epigenetics Modification in the Process of Skeletal Muscle Cell Proliferation and Differentiation

Skeletal muscle is the most abundant tissue and the main component of muscle in animals.The process of skeletal muscle cell's proliferation and differentiation is the basis of muscle development and it's directly affects the meat production performance of domestic animals.It has been found that epigenetic modification plays an important role in regulating the proliferation and differentiation of skeletal muscle cells.In this study,the effects of epigenetics on skeletal muscle in terms of the effects of DNA methylation on the proliferation and differentiation of skeletal muscle cells,the selection and expression of factors regulated by histone acetylation,the regulation of non-coding RNA,and the effects of chromosome remodeling.Research progress in the process of muscle cell proliferation and differentiation,briefly describes the effects of different modification methods and factors on the two processes of skeletal muscle proliferation and differentiation.At the same time,the methods and means used by predecessor in the study of skeletal muscle proliferation and differentiation were reviewed,and then the role of apparent regulatory factors in skeletal muscle growth was analyzed.The purpose was to further explain the important role of epigenetic modification in the proliferation and differentiation of skeletal muscle,enhanced the understanding of the regulation of skeletal muscle proliferation and differentiation,provided a reference path for integration with animal production,and also provided skeletal muscle.Molecular regulation of such as growth and development provided more reference materials.     

基于粮食安全的重庆市耕地保护

耕地资源关系到一个国家或地区经济发展、社会稳定和粮食安全。文中通过对1997-2005年重庆市粮食产量和耕地面积的统计数据进行分析,发现耕地面积不断减少、粮食产量以2001年为分界点出现逐年减产和增产的现象,并提出基于粮食安全的重庆市耕地保护对策。     

添加阿拉伯半乳聚糖或聚蔗糖对牛取样胚胎冷冻效果的影响

胚胎取样后由于透明带受损、细胞数减少使得冷冻存活率低于常规胚胎,本试验通过在冷冻液中添加聚蔗糖和阿拉伯半乳聚糖分析其对取样胚胎冷冻效果的影响。通过将各种冷冻液的胚胎回收率、培养24和48 h发育率同对照组进行比较,结果发现,在阿拉伯半乳聚糖系列冷冻液中,0.03 EAS₁冷冻效果最好;在聚蔗糖系列冷冻液中,0.6 EFS₁冷冻效果最好,且移植妊娠结果同培养结果一致。     

DA-6对野大麦幼苗光合作用和生长的影响

研究了不同浓度的植物生长促进剂--DA-6对野大麦Hordeum brevisubulatum幼苗光合作用和生长的影响.在二叶期喷施较低质量浓度(5 mg/L,10 mg/L)的DA-6,可显著促进幼苗生长和叶绿素含量的提高;四叶期喷施较高质量浓度(20 mg/L,30 mg/L, 40 mg/L)的DA-6,可显著提高野大麦幼苗的生物量,其中20 mg/L和30 mg/L的处理,幼苗生物量分别提高55.1%和59.6%;光合作用能力分别提高12.8%和18.1%.     

李氏杆菌研究进展

李氏杆菌病是一种重要的人畜共患传染病 ,主要由单核细胞增多性李氏杆菌引起 ,呈世界性分布。文章回顾了李氏杆菌的分离鉴定、培养、分型等生物学特性以及与其毒力有关的基因功能方面的研究进展 ,着重就该病诊断和检测的重要性以及 EL ISA和 PCR检测方法进行了概述 ,同时对该病的免疫预防和今后的研究重点进了探讨     

紫花苜蓿品种根部特性与持久性和生物量的关系

植物的根部特性与其持久性和生产性能关系密切,但以往关于紫花苜蓿不同品种的相关研究报道较少。本试验通过对10个紫花苜蓿品种第10年的根部特性、生物量、持久性进行研究发现:不同品种紫花苜蓿根部特性差异显著(P＜0.05),其中,新疆大叶和公农1号根茎和主根粗壮,侧根数多;Super 7、Jindera、Eureka根茎和主根细小,侧根数少;L33、美国大叶、SD-006、甘农1号、Ranbule根部特性各指标居中。紫花苜蓿的根部形态指标与持久性和地上生物量显著相关,主根尤其是根茎越健壮侧根数越多,持久性越好;主根和根茎越粗壮,地上生物量越高。综合评价认为,新疆大叶和公农1号根部各形态指标均优于其他品种,地上生物量和持久性好,可以选择为适宜的紫花苜蓿品种在甘肃河西地区推广种植。     

鹿坏死杆菌病的综合防治

主要通过疫苗免疫预防、临床治疗和日常预防与管理等方面 ,简述了对鹿坏死杆菌病的综合防治措施     

我市畜产品的安全问题和对策

随着国民经济的不断发展,人民生活水平的逐步提高,肉、蛋、奶等畜禽产品在食品结构中比重越来越大,人民群众对健康日益重视,对畜产品安全卫生要求也越来越严格。同时,加入WTO后,我国产品的低成本经营在国际市场上具有价格优势,但由于没有建立完善的畜产品质量保障体系,在国际市场上有优势无市场。因此,畜产品的质量日益受到人民群众和政府的重视,迅速提高畜产品质量,抓好安全食品生产,已成当务之急。1我市畜产品安全存在的主要问题1.1疫病仍然严重。由于政府和广大畜牧兽医人员的不懈努力,疫病对畜禽的危害明显减轻,因疫病造成的损失明显…     

4个燕麦品种在黄河滩区生产性能和农艺性状的研究

在河南省黄河滩区土壤和气候条件下,燕麦播种量为225 kg/hm²时,通过对比试验,分别测定五寨、林纳、坝莜3号和加燕4个燕麦品种在不同生长期茎叶比、鲜干比、株高、干草产量等指标,研究不同燕麦品种生产性能和农艺性状的动态变化。结果表明：燕麦4个品种在扬花期茎叶比分别为65.34%、58.18%、70.05%、54.72%,鲜干比分别为3.12、3.17、3.07、3.31;燕麦的生长速度呈现出“低—高—低”的“S”形动态模式,在抽穗—扬花期生长速度最大,盛花期株高达分别到108.58、103.43、100.37、113.42 cm,干草产量分别为549.17、514.74、519.63、531.53 g DM/m²。4个燕麦品种均适合在黄河滩种植和生长,表现出生长快、产量高的特点,其中加燕品种各项性能表现更好。