5份武夷山乌龙茶种质资源的评价筛选

[目的]筛选适合武夷山地区种植的乌龙茶种质资源,为该地区茶树种质资源的利用和推广提供参考依据.[方法]在福建省武夷山进行乌龙茶品种区域试验,对比分析参试5份乌龙茶种质资源(品系8、品系9、品系10、品系11和品系12)的物候期、发芽密度、鲜叶产量、生化成分、感官品质和抗性.[结果]品系9的采摘期较早,品系10和品系12的采摘期居中,品系11的采摘期较晚,品系8的采摘期特晚,说明供试5份乌龙茶种质资源的物候期呈现梯度,茶采摘期呈合理分布状态.品系9和品系11在2015—2017年的平均发芽密度分别比CK增加7.79%和6.56%,而其他种质资源低于CK,品系9和品系11的平均鲜叶产量分别比CK增加3.53%和20.46%,其他种质资源的平均鲜叶产量均明显低于CK;5个品系的水浸出物含量分别为46.89%、47.81%、48.08%、48.22%和49.09%,均极显著高于CK(P<0.01).综合来看品系9和品质11表现较佳;品系9香气表现最好,评分为27.0;品系10的感官品质最佳,为91.1,比CK高4.7.品系9和品系11的抗寒性均优于CK,抗旱性二者均为强;品系11的抗虫性高于CK,品系9抗虫性为中抗,综合抗逆性指标以品系11表现最优.[结论]品系9和品系11乌龙茶种质资源适合在武夷山地区及生态类似地区推广种植.     

浅谈人文关怀视域下的高校学生资助工作

农村贫困大学生群体是社会上的弱势群体,也是一个特殊的群体。本文从人文关怀的角度 出发,分析人文关怀在高校资助工作中的重要性,呈现高校学生资助工作中存在的主要问题,并提出 具有针对性的对策,以进一步完善高校资助工作。     

二氯喹啉酸降解菌嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌菌株J03生长特性及其对烟草和水稻的安全性

二氯喹啉酸被广泛用于稻田除草,其残留易对后茬作物烟草的生长造成危害。本课题组前期从福建烟区植烟土壤中分离获得的嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌Stenotrophomonas maltophilia菌株J03对烟草二氯喹啉酸药害具有较好修复作用。为明确该菌株生长特性及其对烟草和水稻的安全性,本研究测定了J03菌株对烟草和水稻种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响,同时测定了环境因子温度和酸碱度对J03菌株生长的影响。结果表明:经J03菌株处理的烟草和水稻种子,发芽率分别大于80%和95%,与空白对照无显著差异。J03菌株处理的烟苗株高、叶片数和地上部鲜重分别为2.82 cm、6.4片和6.08 g,均显著高于空白对照,其他生长参数与对照无显著差异;J03菌株处理的水稻幼苗的株高和叶面积与空白对照相比均无显著差异。J03菌株在4~40℃内均可生长,但最适生长温度为30~37℃;在pH值为5.0~9.0的LB培养基中均可生长,但最适生长pH值为6.0~8.0。综合研究表明,嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌菌株J03对烟草和水稻生长安全,且其在田间的适合度较高。     

Minimally modified low-density lipoprotein up-regulates endothelin receptors in mouse mesenteric artery through p38 MAPK pathway

AIMTo investigate whether minimally modified low-density lipoprotein (mmLDL) affects the quantity and activity of endothelin （ET） type A (ET_A) and type B (ET_B) receptors in mouse mesenteric artery by activating p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inflammatory pathway. METHODSThe KM mice were divided into normal saline (NS) group (injection of NS via caudal vein), mmLDL group (injection of mmLDL via caudal vein), LDL group (injection of LDL via caudal vein), mmLDL+SB 203580 group (injection of mmLDL via caudal vein and intraperitoneal injection of p38 MAPK pathway specific inhibitor SB 203580) and mmLDL+DMSO group (injection of mmLDL via caudal vein and intraperitoneal injection of DMSO). Mesenteric artery ring segment vasoconstriction dose-response curves affected by sarafotoxin 6c (S6c) and ET-1 were recorded by the myography system. The mRNA levels of ET_B receptor, ET_A receptor and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were detected by RT-qPCR. The protein levels of ET_B receptor, ET_A receptor, IL-6, p38 MAPK, p-p38 MAPK, NF-κB and p-NF-κB were determined by Western blot. The serum concentration of IL-6 was measured by ELISA. RESULTSThe contractile responses of the blood vessel segments to S6c and ET-1 were significantly increased by mmLDL (P<0.01). The mRNA and protein expression levels of ET_A receptor, ET_B receptor, and IL-6 significantly increased (P<0.01). The protein levels of p-p38 MAPK and p-NF-κB were significantly increased (P<0.01). The serum level of IL-6 was significantly increased (P<0.01). These effects of mmLDL were inhibited by p38 MAPK inhibitor SB 203580. CONCLUSION mmLDL increses the serum concentration of IL-6, up-regulates the expression of IL-6, ET_A receptor and ET_B receptor in mouse mesenteric artery, and enhances the vasoconstriction function medi?ated by ET_A and ET_B receptors, which is related to the activation of p38 MAPK inflammatory pathway and downstream NF-κB pathway.     

Effects of apelin-13 on oxidative stress induced by high uric acid in adipocytes

AIM: To study the effects of apelin-13 on oxidative stress induced by high uric acid in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and its underlying mechanisms. METHODS: 3T3-L1 adipocytes were stimulated with uric acid at 10 mg/dL for 48 h. Some of the adipocytes were administered with 1 μmol/L apelin-13 in the presence of uric acid at 10 mg/dL. The adipocytes stimulated with 100 μmol/L H₂O₂ were served as positive controls. The intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) concentrations were detected by flow cytometry. The biochemical kits were used to measure the activities of superotide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT) and NADPH oxidase (NOX) activity, and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the cell lysate and the supernatant. The mRNA levels of renin-angiotensin system (RAS) components, including angiotensinogen (AGT), angiotensin-converting enzyrne1 (ACE1), angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) and AT2R, as well as angiotensin II receptor -like 1 (APJ) were measured by real-time PCR. The concentrations of angiotensin II (AngⅡ) in the cell lysate and the supernatant were measured by ELISA. RESULTS: Adipocytes stimulated with uric acid at 10 mg/dL had lower activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, GSH-PX and CAT) and higher levels of NOX activity and MDA content (P < 0.05). Accordingly, the intracellular ROS levels were found to be dramatically increased. However, apelin-13 administration attenuated uric acid-induced oxidative stress in the 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Uric acid at 10 mg/dL upregulated the mRNA expression of local RAS, enhanced AngⅡ concentrations both in the cell lysate and the supernatant, and down-regulated the mRNA level of APJ in the adipocytes (P < 0.05). Conversely, apelin-13 partially reversed these parameters. CONCLUSION: Apelin-13 attenuates oxidative stress induced by uric acid, may be via down-regulation of local RAS expression in the 3T3-L1 adipocytes.     

PEG-6000模拟干旱胁迫下不同基因型 小麦品种萌发期抗旱性的综合鉴定

为了研究不同基因型小麦品种萌发期的抗旱性,以20个小麦品种为材料,采用质量分数为20%的PEG-6000溶液处理模拟干旱胁迫,测定了芽长、主胚根长、芽鲜质量、根鲜质量、发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数和萌发抗旱指数等指标,通过主成分分析和综合评价值(F值)法对供试材料的抗旱性进行综合评价,并通过测定相关生理指标对评价结果进行了验证。结果表明,PEG-6000胁迫处理后的芽长、主胚根长、芽鲜质量、根鲜质量、发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数均受到抑制,但不同品种的降幅存在显著差异。主成分分析表明,晋麦47、运旱618、长治6406、石4185和旱选10号抗旱性明显强于F值较低的京冬18、石家庄4号、石优20、郑麦366和郑麦9023。相关生理指标测定结果表明,F值较高的晋麦47、运旱618和长治6406的抗旱性要显著高于F值较低的京冬、石家庄4号和郑麦366。这说明基于形态指标的综合评价值法可以有效地对小麦萌发期抗旱性进行鉴定,供试材料中抗旱性较强的品种有:晋麦47、运旱618、长治6406、石4185和旱选10号,抗旱性较差的品种有:京冬18、石家庄4号、石优20、郑麦9023和郑麦366。     

棕色棉产量和品质的形成及改良研究进展

棕色棉是目前研究最深入、应用最广泛的一种天然彩色棉,相比普通白色棉,棕色棉普遍存在产量低、品质差的缺点,是制约棕色棉产业化发展的主要因素。研究者已从纤维色素合成、遗传规律、生理代谢等方面进行较为深入的研究,揭示棕色棉产量和品质的形成规律。为高产优质棕色棉品种选育和高效栽培管理技术开发应用提供参考,对棕色棉现有研究成果进行综述,梳理棕色棉产量低品质差的原因,并介绍棕色棉产量和品质改良方面取得的进展,展望棕色棉下一步研究重点。     

台湾青枣乳酸发酵饮料的研制

通过单因素试验(青枣果肉添加量、蔗糖添加量、奶粉添加量、接种量、发酵温度和发酵时间)研究青枣发酵饮料的感官品质,通过正交试验,确定台湾青枣发酵饮料的最佳配方为青枣果肉添加量30%,蔗糖添加量10%,奶粉添加量6%;青枣发酵乳酸饮料的最佳发酵工艺为发酵时间35 h,发酵温度30℃,接种量0.25%。     

紫甘蓝吐司的配方优化及其质构特性研究

研究了紫甘蓝泥、酵母、面包改良剂和烤焙油对紫甘蓝吐司品质的影响。在单因素试验的基础上,以感官评分为判断标准,通过正交试验确定吐司的最佳工艺配方并对感官品质和质构特性的关系进行分析。结果表明:当紫甘蓝泥添加量9.0%,酵母添加量1.2%,面包改良剂添加量0.6%,烤焙油添加量6.0%时,研制出的紫甘蓝吐司感官品质最佳。同时,利用逐步回归分析法建立感官评分与质构特性间的最优线性回归模型:Y(感官评分)=-92.388+18.315X2(弹性)。本研究为紫甘蓝吐司的研发与生产提供理论参考。     

利益平衡视角下家庭农场共生网络组织体系的构建

[目的/意义]家庭农场作为一种新型的农业经营主体,是实施乡村振兴战略的重要路径,通过探索家庭农场产业链经营主体的创新发展,构建家庭农场共生网络组织体系,从而实现家庭农场产业链上主体的利益均衡,助推乡村振兴战略.[方法/过程]运用文献研究和定性研究的方法,在深入分析国内外家庭农场研究现状的基础上,从利益平衡的视角,以共生...