鸭血中SOD的提取及稳定性研究

为充分利用鸭血资源,以新鲜鸭血为原料,利用响应面分析法对鸭血中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的提取工艺进行优化,并初步研究了SOD在不同条件下的稳定性。结果表明,乙醇与氯仿的体积比4∶5,溶血球与沉淀剂的体积比1∶1,静置时间25.5 min,SOD比活为1 000.91 U/mg;在pH值4.0～6.0,50℃温度以下SOD具有良好的稳定性。     

芸苔属植物自交不亲和性遗传机理研究及应用进展

芸苔属作物S位点上有三个紧密连锁的基因SLG,SRK,SCR/SP11。其中SRK和SCR/SP11蛋白分别为柱头和花粉SI信号识别决定因子。复等位基因显隐性关系与SRK基因的表达水平并不相关,可能是由于在绒毡层中SCR基因受到强烈的下游调控导致杂合体中隐性SCR基因在小孢子细胞中表达受到抑制。分子进化研究表明十字花科S位点基因的多态性来自于共同的祖先,并在不同种分化之前已经形成。利用芸苔属植物自交不亲和性遗传机理发展而来的PCR-RFLP方法提供了在芸苔属作物育种中切实可行的精确鉴定植株的S基因型和自交不亲和性的有效方法。     

立体育雏笼不同层面温度变化规律及其对固始鸡生长发育的影响

逐日测定4层立体育雏笼不同层面温度及位于育雏笼不同层面的四组固始鸡0～4周龄生长发育情况.结果表明:4层立体育雏笼的二层温度与四层、三层及一层温度之间有极显著相关关系,其相关系数分别为0.9351、0.8895和0.7667,并建立了二层与各层温度间的回归议程.0～4周龄固始鸡在不同层面温度下体重、料重比、成活率均无显著差异,胫长在1～3周龄差异显著或极显著,第四周差异不显著,说明对固始鸡在28.5℃的低温下开始育雏是可行的.     

农业活动对景观格局的影响

景观格局是自然和人类共同作用的结果,并随着经济发展和人口增长,农业活动在景观格局中起着愈来愈大的作用。放牧过程导致土壤退化和生物群落的不稳定,间歇式放牧会提高物种丰富度,促进生态系统的进化;植树造林不但有利于生态恢复和重建,而且对经济建设有巨大作用,更是保护生物多样性的手段;农作物种植包括物理干扰和化学干扰过程,改变了微生物的活性,同时对土壤性质产生影响;土地整理是人为的、强制性、时效性强的一种干扰,能在短期内对生态系统及景观格局产生剧烈影响,通过调整景观结构、改善景观破碎化,改变农业土地利用结构,使得社会效益、生态效益和环境效益均有所增加     

香茅精油对两种主要储粮害虫的控制作用

研究了香茅精油对玉米象、赤拟谷盗的控制作用.结果表明,香茅精油对玉米象和赤拟谷盗都有很强的驱避性,对赤拟谷盗的驱避性随着时间的延长有增强的趋势.对玉米象和赤拟谷盗的成虫都保持了较强的的熏蒸活性.对玉米象有较强的触杀活性,而对赤拟谷盗的触杀活性较弱.剂量为0.15%(v/w)的香茅精油的丙酮稀释液对玉米象成虫的种群抑制率在第6天达到100%,剂量为0.1%(v/w)的香茅精油的丙酮稀释液对赤拟谷盗成虫的种群抑制率在第6天也达到了100%.研究表明香茅精油具有作为储粮保护剂的开发潜力.     

EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ON VIBRATION AND NOISE BY C6132 LATHE

This paper presents the principle of high-pass-absolute-value demodulation tcchnigue which is applied with spectrum analysis to investigate the vibration and noise produced by the C61 32 Lathe. The main noise sourse is found out and some reliable data are provided to decrease the noise and vibration and to improve the dynamic performence of the c6132 Lathe.     

豫州褐壳蛋鸡Ⅰ,Ⅱ系杂交效果分析

对豫州褐壳蛋鸡Ⅰ、Ⅱ系杂交效果研究表明,其生活力、主要生产性能均有明显提高,健雏率、育雏率、育成率、产蛋期存活率分别达到９９．０２％,９７．８７％,９７．１２％和９３．３５％,开产日龄提早６￣９ｄ,全期产蛋２５４．２０枚,料蛋比２．４２：１。     

Identification of QTLs associated with salinity tolerance at late growth stage in barley

Salinity is a major abiotic stress to barley (Hordum vulgare L.) growth and yield. In the current study, quantitative trait loci (QTL) for yield and physiological components at the late growth stage under salt stress and non-stress environments were determined in barley using a double haploid population derived from a cross between CM72 (salt-tolerant) and Gairdner (salt-sensitive). A total of 30 QTLs for 10 traits, including tiller numbers (TN), plant height, spikes per line (SPL), spikes per plant (SPP), dry weight per plant, grains per plant, grain yield, shoot Na⁺ (NA) and K⁺ concentraitions (K) in shoot, and Na⁺/K⁺ ratio (NAK), were detected, with 17 and 13 QTLs under non-stress and salt stress, respectively. The phenotypic variation explained by individual QTL ranged from 3.25 to 29.81%. QTL flanked by markers bPb-1278 and bPb-8437 on chromosomes 4H was associated with TN, SPL, and SPP under salt stress. This locus may be useful in the breeding program of marker-assisted selection for improving salt tolerance of barley. However, QTLs associated with NA, K, and NAK differed greatly between non-stress and salt stress environments. It may be suggested that only the QTLs detected under salt stress are really associated with salt tolerance in barley. D. Xue and Y. Huang contributed equally to the article.     

DNA profiling and genetic diversity of Korean soybean (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Glycine max</Emphasis> (L.) Merrill) landraces by SSR markers

Approximately 7,000 accessions of Korean soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) landraces, largely composed of three collections, the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute’s soybean (KAS), the Korean Crop Experiment Station’s soybean (KLS) and the Korean Agricultural Development and Technology Center’s soybean (KADTC) collections, have been conserved at the Rural Development Administration (RDA) genebank in Korea. The accessions within collections were classified based on their traditional uses such as sauce soybean (SA), sprouted soybean (SP), soybean for cooking with rice (SCR), and OTHERS. A total of 2,758 accessions of Korean soybean landraces were used to profile and to evaluate genetic structure using six SSR loci. A total of 110 alleles were revealed by at the six SSR loci. The number of alleles per SSR locus ranged from 9 to 39 in Satt187 and Satt_074, respectively. The number of alleles ranged from 87 in the KADTC collection to 96 in the KLS collection, and from 63 in the SCR group to 95 in the SP group. Nei’s average genetic diversity ranged from 0.68 to 0.70 across three collections, and 0.64 to 0.69 across the usage groups. The average between-group differentiation (G _st) was 0.9 among collections, and 4.1 among the usage groups. The similar average diversity among three collections implies that the genetic background of the three collections was quite similar or that there were a large number of duplicate accessions in three collections. The selection from the four groups classified based upon usage may be a useful way to select accessions for developing a Korean soybean landrace core collection at the RDA genebank. DNA profile information of accessions will provide indications of redundancies or omissions and aid in managing the soybean collection held at the RDA genebank. The information on diversity analysis could help to enlarge the genetic diversity of materials in breeding programs and could be used to develop a core collection.