氯虫苯甲酰胺对小菜蛾的室内毒力测定及防治效果

为研究5%氯虫苯甲酰胺悬浮剂（SC）对小菜蛾的防治效果,利用4种药剂进行了室内毒力测定和田间药效试验。室内毒力测定结果表明：药后48 h 5%氯虫苯甲酰胺SC对小菜蛾的毒力最高,LC50为0.563 0 mg·L-1|其次是10%多杀霉素水分散粒剂（WG）,LC50为0.856 7 mg·L-1|1.9%甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐乳油（EC）和1%阿维菌素EC的毒力较低。田间药效试验结果表明：5%氯虫苯甲酰胺SC 1 000倍液对小菜蛾的防效最好,达到95.04%,显著优于其他3种药剂|10%多杀霉素WG 5 000倍液的防效次之,为82.01%|而1.9%甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐EC 1 500倍液和1%阿维菌素EC 750倍液的防效较低,分别为71.67%和63.95%。     

Effects of atorvastatin on cardiac myocyte hypertrophy of neonatal rat induced by angiotensinⅡ in vitro and TLR4 expression

AIM: To assess effects of atorvastatin (Ator) on cardiac myocytes (CM) hypertrophy of neonatal rat induced by angiotensinⅡ (AngⅡ) in vitro and Toll like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression for theoretical bases of preventing and treating myocardial hypertrophy.METHODS: CM of neonatal Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were isolated with trypsin digestion method and those growth-arrested cells were stimulated with 10^-7 mol/L AngⅡ in the presence of various concentrations of Ator.The method of coomassie brilliant blue was adopted to evaluate the protein contents of CM.The changes in β-MHC,AT₁ receptor and TLR4 mRNA expression were observed by RT-PCR.RESULTS: ① AngⅡ increased the protein content of CM and β-MHC mRNA expression significantly,upregulated AT₁ receptor and TLR4 gene expression.② In a dose-dependent manner,Ator inhibited the increases in the protein contents of CM and β-MHC mRNA expression induced by AngⅡ.③ In a dose-dependent manner,Ator downregulated the AT₁ receptor and TLR4 mRNA expression of CM hypertrophy of neonatal rat induced by AngⅡ.CONCLUSION: Ator inhibits CM hypertrophy,downregulates the AT₁ receptor and TLR4 gene expression.     

茚虫威对映体在番茄、葡萄及水中的液相色谱-串联质谱检测方法

建立了反相条件下茚虫威在对映体水平上的液相色谱-串联质谱(LC-MS/MS)残留分析方法。采用基质匹配标准品的外标法定量,比较分析了基质分散萃取与固相萃取2种净化方法中基质效应的影响。番茄和葡萄样品均采用乙腈提取,NH2/Carb复合固相萃取小柱净化;水样直接采用C18-H固相萃取小柱富集净化。手性拆分的色谱条件为:Chiralpak AD-RH手性分离柱,以V(乙腈)∶V(水)=65∶35为流动相,柱温25 ℃,流速0.4 mL/min。结果表明:在0.005~0.5 mg/kg(水样为mg/L)添加水平范围内,茚虫威对映体在3种基质中的回收率在65.5% ~117.0%之间,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=5)为4.1% ~18.1%。对映体的检出限(LOD)为1.4~4.3 μg/kg(μg/L),定量限(LOQ)为4.7~14.2 μg/kg(μg/L)。方法操作简便,结果稳定可靠,可用于茚虫威对映体在番茄、葡萄和水样品中残留的分析。     

新城疫病毒F基因重要功能区和HN基因单核苷酸多态性研究

对广泛应用的新城疫疫苗株La Sota进行了全基因组测序,并对来自9个不同基因型新城疫病毒株的血凝素神经氨酸酶(haemagglution-neuraminidase,HN)基因和融合蛋白(fusion protein,F)基因47～435 nt区域进行了用单核苷酸多态性(SNP)分析.结果表明:在F基因47～435nt间和HN基因中都存在高密度的SNP位点,Tajima's D检验结果表明这些核苷酸变化符合中性突变假说,Pi(a)/Pi(s)分析暗示F蛋白编码基因N端的一些区段和HN蛋白编码基因中散在的部分区域受到了正向选择.但F基因和HN基因在整体上却都受到了强大的负向选择压力的影响.     

提高旱农地区甘草田间出苗率的试验分析

通过随机区组田间试验的方法，对如何提高甘草田间出苗率进行了研究。试验证明：甘草的田间出苗率与播种深度呈负相关，若底墒好，播后不浇水，播深2．5－3．0cm，可提高其田间出苗率；若底墒差，播后浇水，播深1．5－2．0cm，亦能提高其田间出苗率。在新垦重盐碱地播种甘草，用生长素4号和1号拌种，可分别提高田间出苗率2．9倍和2．6倍。播后3d浇水比播后16d浇水的田间出苗率提高29．5％。     

薄皮甜瓜新品种白玉满堂的选育

白玉满堂是中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所近期育成的白皮白肉类薄皮甜瓜优良杂交一代品种。果皮白色,果肉白色,果实圆梨形。主要特征为成熟较早(果实发育期28~33 d),品质较优(肉质脆,中心可溶性固形物含量较高,为13.1%~14.8%),果实大小适中(单果质量0.38~0.44 kg),田间抗性表现较好,适应地区较广。2010年10月通过国家甜瓜新品种鉴定。     

Inhibitory effects of LDL-ACM complex on subcutaneous implanted tumors in nude mice()

AIM: In order to evaluate the applicable value of LDL as a targeted vehicle for chemotherapeutic agents, we investigated and compared the inhibitory effects of LDL-ACM complex and free ACM on nude mice's subcutaneous implanted tumors derived from gastric cancer cell lines, SGC-7901 and NKM-45. METHODS: LDL-ACM complex was prepared and the tumor model of nude mice was established by subcutaneous implantation of SGC-7901 and NKM-45. Then, the groups of nude mice developed subcutaneous implanted tumors were received either LDL-ACM complex or free ACM. Subsequently, the tumor size, weight and leukemia cell counts were measured and the rates of tumor-inhibition and the survival were compared among the groups. RESULTS: The inhibitory effects of LDL-ACM complex on the tumors, especially on SGC-7901 implanted tumors were much more obvious than that of free ACM. It was also indicated that the action of LDL-ACM complex was mediated by LDL receptor. CONCLUSION: These results showed that LDL-ACM complex had significant inhibitory effects on the implanted tumors and the effect might be mediated by LDL receptor.     

溴尿嘧啶处理受精卵对中国对虾抗病和生长的影响

以5-溴尿嘧啶(5-Bromouracil,5-BrUra)为诱变剂,分别以前期实验在半致死条件下获得的处理浓度、时间组合0.5 mg/ml 9 h(0.5～9)、0.3 mg/ml 16 h(0.3～16)来处理受精卵,培养获得诱变材料,对处理群体抗病力和生长性状进行分析,探讨化学诱变剂对中国对虾Fenneropenaeus chinensis抗白斑综合征病毒(White Spot Syndrome Virus,WSSV)能力和生长的影响.WSSV攻毒实验结果表明,0.5～9处理组、0.3～16处理组和对照组存活时间分别为77.20±3.71 h、74.57±2.88 h和81.45±2.98 h,三者之间不存在显著差异,说明在本实验条件下,5-溴尿嘧啶处理受精卵不能显著提高中国对虾对WSSV的抵抗能力(P>0.05).生长实验结果表明,在实验开始第21天至第60天之间,两处理组特定生长率(SGR)显著高于对照组;实验结束时,经过5-溴尿嘧啶处理的中国对虾群体的体长、体重日增长率显著高于对照组,且两个处理组之间没有显著差异,表明经5-溴尿嘧啶处理可能促进中国对虾的生长.但这些生长特性能否稳定遗传给后代尚需进一步研究.     

不同粒度猫尾草对羔羊体外发酵特性和微生物数量的影响

通过Rusitec-s体外发酵系统研究不同粒度猫尾草对羔羊体外发酵参数与微生物数量的影响,选取6种不同粒度(1.00、2.36、3.35、4.75、8.00和12.50 mm)的猫尾草作为试验饲粮的纤维来源,按照猫尾草的粒度将试验分为6个处理组,每个处理4个重复,利用Rusitec-s型人工瘤胃模拟装置进行48 h体外发酵,测定养分降解率、发酵参数及发酵液中6种微生物菌群的拷贝数。结果表明：与其他处理组相比,2.36 mm组显著提高了体外中性洗涤纤维降解率(IVNDFD)、丁酸、异丁酸、戊酸、异戊酸摩尔比和溶纤维丁酸弧菌(B. f)数量(P<0.05),且显著降低总产甲烷菌(TMe)数量(P<0.05)。总菌(TB)与氨态氮(NH3-N)浓度、乙酸摩尔比呈正相关(R²=0.84,P=0.038;R²=0.88,P=0.021);B. f数量与丙酸摩尔比呈正相关(R²=0.82,P=0.045),且与pH呈负相关(R²=-0.98,P=0.001);TMe数量与体外粗蛋白质降解率(IVCP...     

保护性耕作条件下松耕作业机具的探讨

松耕作业能打破犁底层、恢复土壤结构，形成适宜农作物生长的土体构造，是提高地表积温和作物产量的有效措施之一。为此，探讨了在秸秆覆盖条件下各种松耕作业机具的工艺特点及机具在保护性耕作播前作业中的适应性。