温室滴灌配施尿素下土壤微域内pH值的时空分布研究

在农业生产实际中,温室滴灌并配合施用尿素的做法较为广泛。研究番茄定额施用尿素,试验结果表明,尿素在土壤脲酶的作用下迅速水解转化,生成大量NH4+而造成土壤pH值升高;在48～72h内在一定的土壤微域内形成一个相对较高的pH值区域;同时,土壤pH值经历了低—高—低的变化过程;随着施肥量的增加,其高值出现相对较早而平缓,维持时间较长。     

国审高产夏大豆新品种桂夏豆2号的选育

桂夏豆2号是以桂早一号(矮脚早×北京豆)为母本,巴西13为父本有性杂交育成的夏大豆新品种,该品种区域试验平均产量2 855.25 kg/hm2,较对照埂青82增产30.25%,生产试验平均产量2 800.95 kg/hm2,较对照埂青82增产38.33%,蛋白质含量41.67%,油分含量19.08%,耐低磷、耐酸铝能力较强.适宜在广东、广西、海南、福建和江西南部地区夏播种植.2006年通过国家农作物品种审定委员会审定.     

蔓性千斤拔种子处理及常温贮藏研究

研究不同处理方法及常温贮藏时间对蔓性千斤拔种子发芽的影响。结果表明：（1）浓硫酸和机械磨擦处理均能显著改善种子的发芽状况,其中浓硫酸处理以处理10—15min最佳,其发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数分别较对照高2倍、14．6倍和14．29倍;机械处理以处理180s最佳,其发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数分别较对照高2．67倍、15．17倍和7．51倍。（2）贮藏时间以当年种子的发芽特性最佳,常温下贮藏1年,种子发芽率下降至83％,与当年种子发芽率无明显差异;贮藏2年,发芽率降至65．5％,与当年种子发芽率达到显著差异;贮藏3年,与当年采收种发芽率差异达到极显著水平。     

Generation of insulin-producing cells from PDX1 and NKX6.1 gene-modified bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells

AIM: To differentiate bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) into functional insulin-producing cells to produce sufficient pancreatic islet cells for transplantation. METHODS: Recombinant adenovirus vectors carrying PDX1 and NKX6.1 genes were constructed and the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were infected by the recombinant adenovirus combined with several cytokines for differentiation. The expressions of PDX1, NKX6.1 and insulin and C-peptide in the differentiated bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting. After the differentiated bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were transplanted into subrenal capsule of diabetic mice, cell morphology of the grafts as well as their secretion of insulin and C-peptide were detected. Besides, regulating capacities of grafts on the blood glucose level of the diabetic mice were also detected. RESULTS: BMSCs induced by recombinant adenovirus (pAdxsi-CMV-PDX1/CMV-NKX6.1) and several cytokines showed positive dithizone staining and the expressions of β-cell related molecule such as insulin and glucose transporter 2 were detected by RT-PCR, which showed a sustaining and stable expression. The similar results were showed by Western blotting, immunohistochemical staining and indirect immunofluorescence. The insulin secretions in the cells stimulated with glucose at concentrations of 5.5 and 25 mmol/L in the experimental group were (1 240.4±109.3) mU/L and (3 539.8±245.1) mU/L, respectively, and were significantly higher than those in control group. Moreover, transplantation of the cells to STZ mice in treatment group made serum glucose recover to normal level. CONCLUSION: PDX1 and NKX6.1 gene-modified bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells differentiate into insulin-producing cells in vitro. When these cells transplanted into STZ induced diabetic mice, their serum glucose could return to the normal level and they could live well. Thus this is a promising method for diabetes treatment.     

安徽中南部地区水生蔬菜资源与生产考察

对安徽中南部14个县、市的水生蔬菜资源进行考察,共收集水生蔬菜资源样本62份,其中野生资源18份,地方品种44 份;收集到一些有特色的地方品种如雪湖贡藕、桐城水芹、绩溪水芋、庐江芹芽等,并对安徽中南部地区水生蔬菜种植生产 情况进行了考察。根据考察结果,提出目前我国栽培的水芹应有两个种,除水芹〔Oenanthe javanica(BL.)DC.〕外,另一个 种为中华水芹(Oenanthe sinensis Dunn）。     

水芹品种比较试验

采用2个中华水芹和3个水芹主栽品种进行品种比较试验.试验结果表明,早熟水芹-3(中华水芹)生长速度快,分蘖能力极强,熟性早,产量高,10月中下旬667 m2可收获水芹4 018.7 kg,比其他品种增产6.54%～50.31%.     

磁化处理的全尾砂料浆沉降参数优化模型

为了提高全尾砂料浆的脱水浓缩效果,将磁化处理技术引入到全尾砂料浆脱水浓缩中,并建立GA-SVM模型优选全尾砂料浆的沉降参数。建立支持向量机（SVM）沉降参数优化模型,以磁感应强度、磁化处理时间、料浆流速、料浆浓度、絮凝剂单耗为输入因子,沉降速度为综合输出因子,通过正交试验建立样本数据对SVM模型进行训练与检验,采用遗传算法（GA）对SVM模型参数进行优化,进而得到磁化全尾砂料浆沉降参数的GA-SVM优化模型。将GA-SVM模型运用到某铁矿磁化全尾砂料浆沉降参数优化中,得到的最佳沉降参数为磁感应强度0.192 T、磁化处理时间1.85 min、料浆速度1.92 m/s、PAC单耗28 g/t,沉降速度可达约155 cm/h。研究表明：适宜的磁化处理条件可提高全尾砂料浆的脱水浓缩效果,节约30.0%~42.5% PAC用量,GA-SVM模型对全尾砂料浆沉降参数预测结果相对误差在5%以内、预测精度高,为全尾砂料浆脱水浓缩及其参数优选提供了一种新思路。     

吉林省降雪初终日时空变化特征

利用吉林省1961-2015年逐日降水和天气现象资料,对降雪初、终日的时空变化特征进行了分析。结果表明:吉林省降雪平均日期始于10月22日,止于次年4月18日。降雪初、终日存在空间差异,东部山区开始早结束晚,西部平原开始晚结束早。降雪初、终日的空间第一模态为全省一致的偏早(晚)型,初日第二空间模态为南北反向型,终日第二向量场为东西反向型。初日集中在10、11月,以10月中旬出现概率最大,终日集中在3-5月,以4月中旬出现概率最大。初日存在8 a强显著周期,终日存在5 a强显著周期。降雪初、终日与大气环流有直接关系,初日推迟年西太平洋副高面积偏小、偏北,提前年副高面积偏大、偏南;终日推迟年副高面积偏小、偏南,提前年副高面积偏大、偏北。降雪初、终日还与地理环境有关,降雪初日随海拔的降低呈推迟趋势,终日则随着纬度升高和海拔降低呈提前趋势。     

犊牛代用乳中蛋白质原料应用研究进展

代用乳是犊牛主要的液体饲料来源之一,与全乳和乳副产品相比不仅降低了犊牛生产成本,而且更适合犊牛饲养设备的操作和使用.在以代用乳为主要饲料来源培育犊牛过程中,代用乳中蛋白质的营养作用是决定饲养效果和经济性的关键性因素.本文对代用乳常用蛋白质的原料特性等方面做了简要综述.