单旋翼无人机流场分布特征及作业性能试验研究

为探究Z-3N单旋翼油动无人机在梨园进行病虫害防治作业的适用性,对其旋翼流场进行流体仿真并在梨园进行喷雾试验。结果表明:旋翼下压风场分布较为均匀,压强分布为上层>中层>下层,下层最低压强为3.54 N/m2,说明旋翼下压风场可以较好地穿透到果树下层,下层最小风速≥3 m/s,有助于雾滴到达梨树叶面叶背。单旋翼油动无人机喷雾作业后的梨树冠层雾滴沉积覆盖率上层叶面平均覆盖率为9.31%,叶背为1.34%;中层叶面平均覆盖率为10.79%,叶背为3.46%;下层叶面为2.47%;叶背为1.58%。靶标果树冠层叶面的平均体积中值直径为上层>中层>下层,叶背的平均体积中值直径为中层>上层>下层,雾滴均匀分布为中上层优于下层。田间试验表明单旋翼油动无人机的旋翼下压风场分布和药液雾滴沉积覆盖率适用于梨园的病虫害防治作业。     

Streptomyces TOR3209介导盐碱地金花葵根际的生态效应

为研究植物微生物联合改良盐碱地的效果和根际效应,以耐盐植物金花葵(Hibiseu manihot L.)和根际益生菌链霉菌Streptomyces TOR3209为材料,采用磷脂脂肪酸(PLFAs)生物标记法和生物多样性指数测度法,在始蕾期和成熟期,检测了TOR3209+金花葵(T1)、金花葵(T2)和裸地原土(空白CK)根际微生物总量和主要菌群结构的变化,同时检测了根围土壤主要酶活性和理化性状的变化。结果表明:T2处理能显著提高土壤磷脂脂肪酸(Phospholipid-derived fatty acids, PLFA)含量和多样性,改善微生物群落结构,但G+/G-值高于CK,土壤却转向贫瘠。T1处理的金花葵生长旺盛,全株生物量提高了113.22%;在2个生长期,碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾含量也有显著提高,根围土壤电导率和pH值均下降;土壤蔗糖酶、脲酶和碱性磷酸酶活性均有所提高;微生物总量提高,土壤微生物Shannon多样性指数、Simpson优势度指数和Margalef丰富度指数显著改善,细菌、放线菌、细菌/真菌和AM真菌总量等提高;且G+/G-值低于CK,土壤由贫瘠转向丰富。T1处理土壤理化性质和生物学指标均更优于T2处理。冗余分析(RDA)表明,土壤微生物与碱解氮、速效磷、有机质呈正相关,与pH和电导率呈负相关,是影响根际微环境的重要因子。链霉菌TOR3209与根系互作,通过改善根际微环境,显著提高了植株的耐盐能力和生产性能。植物微生物联合改良盐碱地具有良好前景。     

樟子松梢小卷蛾产卵器、复眼和口器感受器的扫描电镜观察

为了研究樟子松梢小卷蛾Rhyacionia pinicolana (Doubleday)（鳞翅目:卷蛾科）的产卵器、复眼和口器上感受器的外部形态、类型和分布特点,从野外采集被害的樟子松侧枝,在室内培养出樟子松梢小卷蛾成虫,通过QUANTA-200型扫描电镜对其进行了观察。观察表明,在樟子松梢小卷蛾产卵器、复眼和口器上共有4种类型感受器,分别是着生于产卵器上的毛形感受器(STⅠ,STⅡ,STⅣ),着生于口器上的毛形感受器Ⅲ型(STⅢ)、栓锥形感受器(SS)和腔锥感受器(coe),着生于复眼上的锥形感受器(SBa)。樟子松梢小卷蛾上观察到的这4种类型的感受器,在形态、类型和分布上,与其他鳞翅目昆虫相同部位观察到的不尽相同。     

胡麻亚麻酸含量的遗传分析

亚麻酸是胡麻脂肪酸组成的主要成分,也是胡麻品质改良的主要目标。为深入研究胡麻亚麻酸含量的遗传规律,基于6个世代遗传群体(P_1、F_1、P_2、B_(1:2)、B_(2:2)、F_(2:3)),采用数量性状主基因+多基因混合遗传模型分析胡麻亚麻酸含量的遗传模式。结果表明,胡麻亚麻酸含量符合1对加性-显性主基因+加性-显性-上位性多基因遗传模型,主基因的加性效应在亚麻酸含量的遗传控制中具有重要贡献;B_(1:2)、B_(2:2)和F_(2:3)世代主基因遗传率分别为33.59%、46.95%和53.92%,多基因遗传率分别为25.60%、19.35%和14.43%;通过群体品质分析,筛选出高亚麻酸材料15份,高含油量材料7份,这些优异材料为胡麻品质育种奠定了良好的基础。     

食品微生物检验检测实验室质量控制要素及措施

食品中微生物检验检测是衡量食品安全质量的重要指标,通过探讨影响食品微生物检验检测准确性的主要因素,如人员、设备、环境、样品、培养基、标准菌株及检验检测方法等,旨在通过有效控制相关因素,保证该类检验检测工作的质量,为保障公众身体健康、避免社会经济损失和提高我国食品安全质量提供思路。      

连作年限对植烟根际土壤化感物质积累的影响——以湖北黄棕壤烟田为例

为明确烤烟不同连作年限对土壤化感物质积累的影响,以湖北典型的植烟黄棕壤为例,采用甲醇提取–乙酸乙酯3次萃取-GC-MS检测方法,分析其根际土壤中化感物质的组成和含量.结果共检测出化感物质5类13种,其中邻苯二甲酸、对羟基苯甲醛和邻苯二甲酸二异辛酯等在以往植烟土壤研究中未见报道;化感物质含量随连作年限的延长呈增加趋势,与...     

找准定位谋划发展--从警犬繁育谈基层基础建设

抓基层、打基础、苦练基本功是加强基层基础建设的三个核心要素,三者是一个有机统一体,需要同部署、同检查、同落实。从广义上说,抓基层包括基层队伍建设、班子建设、基础设施建设、人员素质建设等诸多方面,一定程度上涵盖着打基础和苦练基本功,打基础、苦练基本功不只是对基层     

Study on HPLC method to determine contents of Schisandrin A and Schisandrin B in Schisandra chinensis extraction

The determination method of Schisandrin A and Schisandrin B in Schisandra chinensis was improved with the high performance liquid chromagraphy(HPLC).The sample was extracted exceedingly in the critical limit of CO 2 .The retention time of Schisandrin A and Schisandrin B was reduced,with methano/water(75:25)as mobile phase.The wavelength for detection was 254 nm. The R2 of standard curve was 0.9998 and the relative standard deviation was 2.31%and 3.17%with the recovery of 96.45%and 97.37%,respectively.The result shows that the rate of veracity of this method is higher and it proves that the determination method of Schisandrin A and Schisandrin B in Schisandra chinensis is a feasible method.     

昆虫病原线虫JLSY 003的鉴定及其生物学特性测定

经28S rDNA和ITS序列分析,从吉林省松原市土样中分离到的昆虫病原线虫JLSY 003为Oscheius myriophila品系.本研究以大蜡螟末龄幼虫为寄主,测定该线虫的生物学特性.结果表明,JLSY 003浓度为80IJs/larva时具有较高的侵染力,致死中时间LT50为15.409 h,侵染24、48h...     

Apparent digestibility coefficients of animal and plant feed ingredients for juvenile Pseudobagrus ussuriensis

A study was conducted to determine apparent digestibility coefficients (ADCs) of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), lipid, gross energy, phosphorus and amino acids (AAs) from Peruvian fish meal (PFM), native fish meal (NFM), meat bone meal (MBM), dried daphnia meal (DDM), soybean meal (SBM), full‐fat soybean (FSBM), cottonseed meals (CSM), rapeseed meal (RSM) and corn gluten meal (CGM) for Pseudobagrus ussuriensis (7.8 ± 0.06 g). Test diets were formulated to contain a 70:30 mixture of reference diet to test ingredient with chromic oxide (5 g kg^–1) serving as the inert marker. ADCs of DM ranged from 49.94% (CGM) to 87.11% (PFM), the highest ADCs of DM were observed in PFM and the lowest was found in CGM. ADCs of CP in the test ingredients ranged from 74.92% (CGM) to 93.41% (SBM). ADCs of crude lipid ranged from 51.80% (CGM) to 94.07% (PFM) for fish. ADCs of energy ranged from 56.42% (CGM) to 90.09% (PFM). ADCs of phosphorus ranged from 21.81% (CSM) to 65.70% (PFM). AA availability for the test ingredients followed a similar pattern to ADCs of CP, in which values for PFM, NFM and MBM were generally higher (p < .05) than those of other protein ingredients. Among all plant meals, the AA availability values in SBM were higher (p < .05) than those in CGM, CSM and RSM. The availability of most AAs in CGM was the lowest (p < .05) among all tested ingredients. In conclusion, PFM and NFM are good sources of available protein and AAs. When fishmeal supply is limited, MBM and DDM are substitutes for fishmeal reduction in P. ussuriensis diets; at the same time, SBM and FSBM are also very acceptable protein feedstuffs. However, CSM, RSM and CGM could not be used at high levels in P. ussuriensis diets because of their inferior digestibilities.