陕北黄土区小檗属植物资源调查与播种育苗试验

经调查,陕北黄土区小哭属(Berberis)植物资源有6种,蕴藏量3000担左右。可分为抗旱、中生和湿生3种生态类型。播种育苗试验,种子沙藏处理比热水浸种和干播,平均出苗率分别提高9%和15%,平均提前5天、10天。     

粤西乐昌含笑种源试验分析*

以大坑山林场乐昌含笑种源试验林7年生观测数据作遗传变异分析,表型变异分析结果表明树高、胸径、材积、树干通直度、叶片大小、树冠浓密度和冠幅等7个性状种源间都存在较大的差异;方差分析结果表明大部分性状种源间差异达极显著或显著水平;遗传参数估计结果表明生长性状的种源遗传力处于中等偏下水平,形质性状处于中等水平,材积的遗传变异系数最大;根据多重比较结果,以材积为选择目标,选出6个速生种源,增益介于11.1%～35.1%之间。粤西乐昌含笑优良种源主要集中在广东和江西交界的多个县市。     

Dynamics of Zn between soil and plant in Northeast Leymus chinensis grassland

A study was conducted to determine the dynamic of Zn content between soil and plant in the natural protection zone of Leymus chinensis grassland in Changling County (44°30′–44°45′N; 123°31′–124°10′E), Jilin Province, China. Results showed that the total Zn content was lower, available Zn content had a moderate level in the soil, and the plants was not lack of Zn. During the growing season, content of total Zn and available Zn in soil showed a down-trend distribution along the soil profile. Content of total Zn had a significantly positive correlation with that of the organic matter, but it was negatively correlated to soil pH. Monthly dynamic of the average content of total Zn showed a “V” type curve in the growing season from May to August, and July was the nadir. The trend of the average content of available Zn was similar to the content of total Zn, but was down after August; Zn content variation in the organs and litter of L. chinensis was great, with the order of root>rhizome >leaf>stem>litter. The ratio of available Zn content in A layer versus B layer was more than 2 times that of the total Zn, which indicated that the soil of A layer had higher enrichment capacity of available Zn. The enrichment of Zn in the root of L. chinensis was 44.17 times as that in the soil. The absorbing intensity of root had a significantly negative correlation with the activity of Zn in the soil (r=−0.8800, p<0.01). Biography: ZHOU Xiao-mei (1966–), female, Ph.D., associate professor of Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, P.R. China.     

气候因子对木材特性影响的研究进展

对国内外在木材学、气象学、植物学等领域内有关气候因子对木材特性影响的研究现状进行了总结和分析，阐述了进行气候因子对木材特性的影响研究的重要意义；光照因子、温度因子、湿度因子、降水因子以及自然灾害对木材特性的影响规律；气候因子对木材特性影响的研究方法；同时展望了气候因子对木材特性影响研究的发展方向。     

杉木、马尾松裸根苗水分关系研究

Water relation parameters of bare-root seedlings of Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata Hook.)and Masson pine (Pinus massoniana Lamb.)were measured and changes of root growth potential as well as field survival rate of both species were studied after the bare-root seedlings were exposed in a sunny field condition.the results showed that masson pine had a lower osmotic potential(-2.07Mpa) at turgor loss point and at full turgor(-1.29Mpa),compared with Chinese fir(-1.80Mpa and -1.08Mpa respectively).The parameter Vp/Vo(63.27%) of Masson pine was higher than that of chinese fir (58.03%).This means that Masson pine has a stronger ability to tolerate desiccation,compared to Chinese fir according to analysis of above water relation parameters.Root growth potential and field survival rate decreased with prolonging duration of exposure.The field survival rate of both species was reduced to less than 40% after the seedling being exposed only two hours.Water potentials of -1.60 Mpa and -1.70 Mpa were suggested to be critical values for Chinese fir and Masson pine respectively in successful reforestation.     

育自竹子虫瘿中的10种小蜂及一中国新记录种记述

自浙江省竹子虫瘿中养出的 10种小蜂 ,其中竹泰广肩小蜂 (TetramesabambusaePhilips)在我国属首次报道。在这 10种小蜂中 ,仅竹瘿广肩小蜂 (AiolomorphusrhopaloidesWalker)、竹泰广肩小蜂 (Te tramesabambusaePhilips)和刚竹泰广肩小蜂 (TetramesaphyllostrachitisGahan)是真正对竹子有危害性的小蜂。     

黑木耳多糖功效与提取方法

叙述了黑木耳的营养成分及其活性成分木耳多糖的功效和现实价值，并总结了木耳多糖目前的提取方法，如热水浸提、酸浸提法、碱浸提法、酶法以及一些现代的提取技术，并加以比较；此外，还借鉴了其他领域的一些新技术，提出了对原料粉末粒度进行超微粉碎以加强多糖的提取得率的提议，并由理论分析其可行性和应用前景。     

装饰面板及地板结构对实木复合地板导热性能的影响

通过对4种树种的面板和3种不同结构的实木复合地板的导热性能进行温升变化测试分析,测量地板的温度变化,探讨不同的装饰面板及地板结构对不同实木复合地板导热性的影响,旨为改善地热地板导热性能提供技术支持。研究结果表明:装饰面板的种类对实木复合地板的导热性能有明显影响,以黑胡桃作为装饰面板的实木复合导热性能最好,桦木次之,槭木导热性能最差,这主要是由于密度越大的装饰面板,导热性能越好,传热越快,热量损失也越少;地板结构对导热性能也有影响,面板为锯切薄板的三层实木复合地板的导热性能较好,多层实木复合地板的导热性能较差。因此,作为地热地板使用的实木复合地板,其装饰面板应该选择较大密度材种,且为锯切薄板为佳。     

超声波辅助提取蓝莓果渣中花色苷的工艺研究

目的:确定超声波辅助提取蓝莓果渣中花色苷的最佳工艺。方法:采用正交试验确定超声波辅助提取蓝莓花色苷的最佳工艺条件。结果:超声波辅助提取蓝莓果渣中花色苷的最佳工艺条件为提取剂为酸性乙醇,固液比1∶60(g/mL),超声波功率350W,萃取时间40min,提取温度75℃。在此条件下,确定的蓝莓果渣花色苷含量3.122mg/g。结论:超声波辅助提取技术对充分利用蓝莓资源获取高附加值的花色苷是可行的。     

降压草的组织培养技术研究

以白城市林业科学研究院选育的新品种降压草2号为试材,利用其带芽茎段进行组织培养,筛选降压草组织培养程序及培养基配方。结果表明:适宜的腋芽诱导培养基为MS+6-BA0.5mg L-1+NAA0.1mg L-1,适宜的增殖培养基为MS+6-BA1.0mg L-1+NAA0.5mg L-1+IAA0.1mg L-1。