江苏省扬泰地区犬细小病毒分子流行病学调查

犬细小病毒（CPV）自1978年被首次分离到以来,已由CPV-2演化出CPV-2a、CPV-2b和CPV-2c 3种新抗原型。为了解江苏省扬泰地区的CPV分子特征和基因型,2015年5月至2016年12月在扬州和泰州地区宠物医院,根据患病犬临床症状以及CPV快速检测试纸条初步诊断结果,收集可疑病例的肛门棉拭子或粪便作为检测样品,扩增样本中CPV的VP2基因片段并对扩增产物进行测序和分析。结果显示：在48份样品中,4份被鉴定为CPV-2型,24份被鉴定为CPV-2a型,20份被鉴定为CPV-2b型,并未发现CPV-2c型。结果表明,该期间CPV-2a 型与CPV-2b型成为扬泰州地区的优势基因型,需开展这些新基因型的深入研究和防控。     

沉水植物苦草和轮叶黑藻对水环境的影响

为了研究沉水植物苦草和轮叶黑藻的对水环境的影响,在控制条件下单独种植苦草、轮叶黑藻和二者混种,笔者比较研究了苦草、苦草+黑藻、黑藻组合水体中总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)、铵氮(NH4+-N)、叶绿素a、总悬浮质(TSS)及总有机氮(TOC)浓度的区别。结果表明:苦草和轮叶黑藻对水环境的影响不同,单独种植苦草时,上覆水中总氮和氨氮含量高于其他处理,但总磷、叶绿素、TSS和TOC含量都低于轮叶黑藻单种和混种处理。研究结果说明,苦草对于降低上覆水中总磷和叶绿素含量作用优于轮叶黑藻,对维持水体水质有良好效果。     

Efficacy of different dosages of ivermectin injectable against the Hypoderma spp. in yaks

A chemotherapy trial was conducted to determine the lowest dosage of injectable preparation of ivermectin against Hypoderma spp. infestation in yaks in Tibetan areas in Tianzhu county, Gansu province, in northwest of China. One hundred and sixty yaks were randomly divided into four groups of 40 yaks for the trial. The first three groups were treated by subcutaneous injection in the neck with 0.1% ivermectin (respectively, 1, 5, 10 microg/kg body weight). The fourth group was not treated and considered as control group. All the experiments were performed in November 2000 and the animals were examined for the presence of warbles in the next March and May. The results indicated that there was no warbles found on the back of treated animal while third stage larvae were palpated on back of some of the yaks in control group. It is concluded that dosage of 1 microg/kg ivermectin injectable was sufficient to kill or stop development of larvae of Hypoderma spp. in naturally infected yaks if administrated in November.     

富硒酵母在鸡营养中的研究进展

硒是动物必需的微量元素,广泛参与动物体内生理过程的调节。富硒酵母主要含有硒代蛋氨酸和硒代半胱氨酸两类硒化合物,是补充动物硒的重要来源。本文主要综述了富硒酵母在鸡体内的抗氧化作用、免疫调节及其生理过程,添加富硒酵母后对鸡生产性能、肉制品质的影响。     

猪链球菌感染风险因子分析及控制要点

为控制猪场链球菌感染的风险,降低猪链球菌发病率。我们对猪链球菌感染的可能风险因素进行了分析,引入HACCP理念,绘制了猪场猪链球菌感染的流程图,识别出猪场猪链球菌感染的风险因子及关键控制点(CCP-like),即隐性带菌猪、混群饲养、精液、蓝耳病、伪狂犬及PCV-2型感染等病毒性免疫抑制病、疫苗免疫、药物预防。针对各关键控制点制定出相应的防控措施,为猪链球菌的防控提供了技术思路。     

圆环病毒PCR技术的建立及在规模化猪场的应用

目的建立猪圆环病毒2型(PCV2)的快速PCR检测方法,并对规模化猪场进行流行病学调查。方法对疑似患有典型断奶仔猪多系统衰弱综合征(PMWS)的病猪进行病理学观察,针对猪圆环病毒2型开放阅读框2(ORF2)设计特异性引物进行PCR检测,建立PCR快速检测方法。对四川地区的规模化猪场进行PCV2的流行病学调查。结果建立的PCR技术可以快速检测样品中PCV2病原,可重复性好。应用此方法对9个规模化猪场的104份样品进行检测。结论 PCV2感染在规模化猪场的存在比较普遍,本研究为进一步开展疫病的检测和进行PCV2流行病学调查奠定了基础。     

The phylogeographic system survey of native sheep breeds in the eastern and southern Central Asia

The genetic diversity and phylogenetic survey of native sheep breeds in the eastern and southern Central Asia were assessed in the present study. The clustering, principal components, structure and F statistics all demonstrate that the native sheep breeds in these regions be classified into two genetic groups: Mongolia‐Tibetan sheep group and South‐Southeast Asia sheep group. The Mongolia sheep group and the Tibetan sheep group had a certain degree of gene communication from the ancient times. In the present study we demonstrated that the Chinese native sheep populations belonged to Mongolia‐Tibetan sheep group. However, the relationships among the sheep populations in Mongolia sheep group in China were not closely related to the geographical distance among sheep populations.     

Behavioral and cardiopulmonary effects of dexmedetomidine–midazolam and dexmedetomidine–midazolam–butorphanol in the silver fox (Vulpes vulpes)

Objective

To evaluate the behavior and some cardiopulmonary variables of dexmedetomidine–midazolam or dexmedetomidine–midazolam-butor-phanol in the silver fox (Vulpes vulpes).

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒GP5蛋白的原核表达及多克隆抗体制备

为体外表达猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（PRRSV）糖基化囊膜蛋白GP5,以及制备其多克隆抗体,以PRRSV PC疫苗株RNA为模板,应用RT-PCR扩增GP5基因,并克隆至原核表达载体pET-32a（+）,构建重组表达载体pET-32a-GP5。经过酶切和测序鉴定后,将阳性重组质粒转化到大肠杆菌BL21（DE3）感受态细胞中,加入IPTG低温诱导表达。使用亲和层析法纯化PRRSV GP5蛋白。然后将纯化的蛋白免疫北京大耳白兔制备多克隆抗体,并进行酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）和间接免疫荧光分析（IFA）。结果显示,表达的PRRSV GP5原核蛋白以可溶性和包涵体两种形式存在,相对分子质量大约30 kDa;制备的GP5蛋白多克隆抗体ELISA效价可达1:64 000;IFA检测显示,制备的多克隆抗体能够识别PRRSV。重组PRRSV GP5蛋白及其多克隆抗体的成功制备为PRRSV血清学检测方法的建立提供了良好的生物学材料。     

非洲猪瘟疫苗研究进展

非洲猪瘟（African swine fever,ASF）是由非洲猪瘟病毒（African swine fever virus,ASFV）引起的家猪和野猪的急性、出血性传染病,强毒株感染猪的致死率接近100%,给养猪业造成巨大经济损失。ASFV在猪群中可以快速有效传播,在环境中可稳定存在,为ASF的防控带来了挑战。研究人员一直致力于ASF疫苗的研究,迄今为止,仍没有有效的疫苗投入市场。综述了ASF灭活疫苗、减毒活疫苗、亚单位疫苗、DNA疫苗、病毒活载体疫苗的研究情况,以期为ASF疫苗的有效研发提供参考。