Dynamic relationship between macrophage and extra cellular matrix in the kidney of rats with experimental nephritis

AIM: To observe the changes in infiltrating macrophages (Mф)and extracellular matrix (ECM) in the kidney in the progressive course of nephrotoxic nephritis (NTN). METHODS: NTN model was established with rabbit-anti-rat nephrotoxic serum. On day 3, 7, 15, 30 and 90, renal biopsies were performed. Renal histology was checked under light microscopy with HE and Masson's trichrome staining sections. Mф, fibronectin (FN), type Ⅲ and Ⅳ collagen were examined with immunohistochemistry ABC method. RESULTS: Infiltration of Mф appeared on day 3 of NTN and preceded changes of FN and collagen. On day 15 of NTN, all nephritic animals had significant proteinuria, increased serum creatinine, infiltration of Mф and deposit of entracellular matrix. On day 90 of NTN, seven nephritic animals improved significantly, while other five developed renal scarring with diffuse infiltration of Mф which positively paralleled to renal function and deposit of FN, type Ⅲ and Ⅳ collagen. CONCLUSION: Mф infiltrating into renal tissue enhances deposit of ECM and therefore plays important roles in progression or improvement of NTN.     

四种鲜牛肝菌成分分析

采用原子吸收分光光度法、比色法等方法对美味牛肝菌、华美牛肝菌、美柄牛肝菌和绒柄牛肝菌4种鲜牛肝菌的粗蛋白、粗脂肪、矿质元素、有害元素的含量进行测定.结果表明,4种鲜牛肝菌中,粗蛋白、粗脂肪、总糖和粗纤维的含量范围分别是4.38%～5.42%、2.47%～3.07%、1.26%～3.85%、1.23%～1.56%;矿质元素铁、锌、钙的含量范围分别是19.62～37.96mg/kg、6.53～9.67mg/kg、146.23～298.02mg/kg;总砷含量未检出,有害元素总汞、铅、镉的含量范围分别是0.06～0.73mg/kg、0.4～0.62mg/kg、0.075～0.105mg/kg.结论：这4种野生鲜牛肝菌含有丰富的营养成分,但华美牛肝菌、美柄牛肝菌中总汞含量较高,值得关注.     

土壤重金属胁迫与植物相关miRNA的研究进展

重金属污染是指由于人类对矿山过度开采、金属冶炼与加工及其它化工操作,造成的铅(Pb)、汞(Hg)、镉(Cd)、铬(Cr)等重金属以各种形式进入生态环境中,在其中留存、积累和迁移而造成的生态污染,土壤重金属污染的治理已成为目前环保关注的焦点。植物在长期进化过程中形成了根系富集、细胞壁束缚、跨膜转运等多种应对重金属胁迫的应答机制。microRNA(miRNA)是一类调控基因表达的重要小分子RNA,通过调控靶基因的表达而参与植物的生长发育、胁迫应答等生理代谢活动,它们同样在植物应答重金属胁迫过程中发挥重要作用。该研究对土壤中重金属污染现状进行了综述,并阐述了重金属胁迫条件下相关miRNA表达调控情况,以期为更好地研究植物miRNA应答重金属胁迫的调控机制提供参考依据。     

连花柴芩可溶性粉对鸡风热犯肺证的临床试验研究

【目的】 研究连花柴芩可溶性粉对风热犯肺所导致的鸡发热、咳嗽、食欲减退、口渴喜饮等证候的临床疗效。【方法】 采用鸡传染性支气管炎病毒人工攻毒建立风热犯肺证肉鸡病例模型,将出现典型风热犯肺证临床症状的150只鸡纳入到试验中,并随机分为5组,30只/组,分别为连花柴芩可溶性粉高、中、低剂量组（连花柴芩可溶性粉浓度分别为4、2、1 g/L）,麻杏石甘颗粒药物对照组（1 g/L）,模型对照组,另设30只为健康对照组。除健康对照组和模型对照组外,各试验组连续饮水给药5 d,记录给药前后鸡的精神状态、体温、呼吸道症状、采食及饮水的变化,并检测各组鸡的免疫器官指数、外周血免疫细胞亚群指标,综合考察连花柴芩可溶性粉的临床疗效。【结果】 连花柴芩可溶性粉高、中剂量组对风热犯肺所致的鸡发热、咳嗽的总有效率分别为90.00%和86.66%,显著高于模型对照组（P<0.05）,且对病鸡采食量下降、饮水量增多具有较好的缓解效果（P<0.05）;连花柴芩可溶性粉能提高病鸡免疫器官指数,促进病鸡外周血中CD3⁺、CD4⁺、CD8⁺ T淋巴细胞增殖,且连花柴芩可溶性粉高、中剂量显著高于模型对照组（P<0.05）。【结论】 连花柴芩可溶性粉对风热犯肺所致的鸡发热、咳嗽、食欲减退、口渴喜饮具有较好的缓解和治疗效果,结合药物量效关系和经济成本等因素综合考虑,推荐连花柴芩可溶性粉临床应用剂量为2 g/L,饮水给药,连用5 d。     

一种高速测频系统的开发

为满足跳频通信中测频应变速度快、灵敏度高的要求,介绍一种以FPGA为测频核心处理芯片、单片机(C8051F020)为数据处理器的高速测频系统的设计方法,并详细地介绍了系统的组成,给出了FPGA的仿真结果,实验结果表明,该方案完全符合设计要求.     

落叶松层板分级质量评价

对落叶松胶合木用层板进行目测分级并测定其弹性模量和静曲强度,研究各等级层板的弹性模量和静曲强度及其相互之间的关系,探讨层板目测分级和机械弹性模量分级的科学性、合理性。结果表明:根据层板缺陷进行目测分级,等级高的层板其弹性模量和静曲强度的平均值和5%分位值高,目测分级能够基本反映其材质性能,具有一定的科学性与合理性;但目测分级层板弹性模量和静曲强度值的离散度很大,目测分级所能达到的准确与可靠程度决定其不能替代机械弹性模量分级。机械弹性模量分级层板的静曲强度与弹性模量呈正相关性,但各等级层板的静曲强度与弹性模量的相关系数大不相同,其静曲强度值的离散度也比较大,说明该分级方法还有改善的余地。更加科学、可靠的胶合木层板分级方法还有待进一步的探索研究。     

不同肥料类型对幼龄油茶生长的影响

为了给幼龄油茶的施肥提供依据,采用随机区组设计,设置果满多、上海大颂生物菌肥、希星油茶专用肥、江西绿园油茶有机专用肥、复合肥共5个施肥处理和不施肥对照,对江西奉新县幼龄油茶进行了施肥试验。调查株高、地径、冠幅、梢长、梢直径和叶绿度等指标,并分析了它们之间的关系。结果表明,施加不同类型的肥料与油茶株高、地径、冠幅、梢长、梢直径及叶绿度均呈现一定的相关性,施肥对于油茶的株高、春梢长、春梢直径及叶绿度均存在显著的影响,而油茶冠幅和地径与施肥无显著关系;在对油茶株高、地径、冠幅和春梢长度的促进作用上,以上海大颂生物菌肥为最好;在对油茶春梢直径和叶绿度的影响上,以果满多效果为最好。所以在生产上为促进油茶生长,推荐应用上海大颂生物菌肥或果满多。     

低蛋白饲料添加蛋氨酸和赖氨酸对大口黑鲈生长性能和抗氧化能力的影响

为研发优质的低蛋白饲料,以大口黑鲈（Micropterus salmoides）幼鱼为研究对象,设置46%（对照）、41%（LP1）和36%（LP2）3个饲料蛋白质梯度,在41%和36%蛋白饲料的基础上补充相应的晶体赖氨酸与蛋氨酸,使赖氨酸与蛋氨酸含量与对照组保持一致,分别记作LP1+AA组和LP2+AA组。进行周期为8周的饲养试验,试验结束后对大口黑鲈的生长性能和抗氧化能力进行测定。结果显示：LP1+AA组大口黑鲈的增重率、特定生长率、饲料系数和蛋白质保留率与对照组相比无显著性差异,其他各组与对照组相比发生显著性变化。随着蛋白水平降低,肌肉和全鱼中粗蛋白含量均显著降低,但LP1+AA组与对照组之间无显著性差异;粗脂肪和粗灰分含量均无显著性变化。低蛋白日粮组试验鱼的肝体比显著下降,但LP1+AA组与对照组无显著性差异。相比于对照组,LP2组和LP2+AA组试验鱼的肝脏活性氧水平和总抗氧化能力均发生显著性变化;LP1组试验鱼肝脏的总抗氧化能力显著性降低,但补充赖氨酸和蛋氨酸有明显的提高。降低大口黑鲈饲料中的蛋白水平（5%或10%）对肝脏中转氨酶的活性未产生显著影响;LP2组试验鱼血清中谷丙转氨酶活性发生显著变化,但在LP2试验组的基础上添加赖氨酸和蛋氨酸能起到改善作用,并且与对照组相比无显著性差异。结果表明,饲料粗蛋白含量从46%降低至41%并补充适量赖氨酸、蛋氨酸,对大口黑鲈幼鱼生长性能没有显著影响;但饲料粗蛋白含量降低至36%并补充赖氨酸和蛋氨酸,不能有效缓解饲料粗蛋白水平过低对生长性能造成的负面影响。     

基于研学视角的广州钱岗古道保护与发展策略研究

在粤港澳人文湾区建设背景下,南粤古驿道与文化旅游已成为发展重点和热点,文化遗产与旅游的融合发展研究对推动古驿道的活化利用具有重要意义。在剖析古驿道与研学旅游相关研究及融合发展交互关系的基础上,选取广州钱岗古道为研究对象,针对古道沿线资源和保护发展困境,以研学旅游为切入点,提出拓展多元需求的研学群体、打造空间复合的研学旅游基地、完善功能齐全的配套服务设施、发展古驿道“文化+旅游”产业链、复原和整合历史文化资源、营造类型多样的主题活动游线 6 个方面的古驿道保护与发展策略。     

西北太平洋柔鱼渔情速报系统的开发

The neon flying squid, Ommastrephes bartrami, is one of the most important jig fisheries in the northwest Pacific Ocean. In order to understand the movement of O. bartrami fishing-ground better and supply O. bartrami fishing-ground information for Chinese fishing boats in the northwest Pacific ocean, the fishing condition analysis and forecasting system of O. bartrami was developed successfully. The system was based on established comprehensive database, which included the catch data of O. bartrami (total yields, count of total fishing boats, fishing position etc. ) and oceanic environmental information (SST, SST gradient etc. ). Artificial intelligent technology about case-based reasoning was also combined with GIS component technology successfully in the system. The process and function of system establishment are composed of four parts: setting up of case database for central fishing-ground and its environmental factors, knowledge reasoning of fishery information, GIS visualization analyzing as well as trend forecasting of central fishing-ground and information production mapping. At last as an example of the results, an experimental central fishing-ground forecasting of O. bartrami from 9 to 15 in July 2002 in the northwest Pacific Ocean was given in the paper. The results showed that through three class similar searching forecasting central fishing-ground would move west, and indicating that forecasting of the system for O. bartrami central fishing-ground was correct by comparing to real fishing-ground from 16 to 22 in July 2002. Consequently, artificial intelligent expert system technology about case-based reasoning is a useful method for fishing condition and fishing-ground forecasting.