丁酸钠对脂多糖诱导的奶牛乳腺上皮细胞系炎性损伤的修复作用

本研究拟通过分析丁酸钠对脂多糖(LPS)诱导的奶牛乳腺上皮细胞系(MAC-T细胞)炎性损伤的修复作用,进一步从体外角度阐述丁酸钠对奶牛乳腺健康的调控机制。在MAC-T细胞中添加不同浓度(0、1、10、100、1 000、10 000 ng/mL)的LPS,检测细胞活力,以确定LPS的适宜浓度,建立细胞氧化损伤模型;并进一步在MAC-T细胞中添加不同浓度(0、2、4、8、16、32μmol/L)的丁酸钠,检测细胞凋亡率,以确定丁酸钠的适宜浓度。最终选用1 000 ng/mL LPS和16μmol/L丁酸钠用于本试验。试验分为3组,分别为对照组、LPS处理组和LPS+丁酸钠处理组,分别对其细胞形态、氧化应激指标及凋亡蛋白mRNA表达水平进行检测。结果表明：1)对照组MAC-T细胞呈扁平的无规则形态,贴壁状态良好;而LPS处理组MAC-T细胞核固缩、破裂,并出现大面积死亡脱落现象;LPS+丁酸钠处理组MAC-T细胞边缘清楚,胞内颗粒较少,死亡脱落现象明显减少。2)与对照组相比,LPS处理组MAC-T细胞中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和总抗氧化力(T-AOC)显著降低(P<0.05),丙...     

弓形虫两种保种方法的试验

目的寻求一个简便、适宜的弓形虫保种方法。方法采用不同温度的冷冻保存法和细胞培养保存法对弓形虫保存进行了试验研究,为深入研究弓形虫提供保证。结果弓形虫在液氮(-196℃)、-70℃能长期保存,4℃能保存14 d。通过细胞培养能获得大量的弓形虫滋养体,对培养细胞的选择性不强。结论两种保种方法保存后弓形虫毒力不变。     

气候变化对内蒙古农牧业生态环境的影响

分析了数十年来气候变暖对内蒙古农牧业生态环境的影响。发现气候变暖使内蒙古地区无霜期延长,积雪、冰雹、雷暴、大风、沙尘暴日数减少,降水量也出现由少转多的变化。事实表明,气候增暖使内蒙古总的生态环境出现向好转化,但是增暖所带来的负面影响是病虫害的增加,加上人为的作用,严重地破坏了内蒙古的生态平衡。     

Effects of NK cells on the etiology of severe pre-eclampsia

AIM: To detect the effects of NK cells on the etiology of severe pre-eclampsia. METHODS: The peripheral blood and umbilical blood from severe pre-eclamptic patients and normal late pregnant women were collected. NK cells were seperated in percoll and counted by SAP. The proliferating ability of NK cells was measured by MTT and killing power of NK cells was determined by ［51Cr］ releasing test. The immunohistochemistry method was used to detect the quantity of NK cells and the expression of HLA-G in placenta of them. RESULTS: (1) Compared with that in normal late pregnant women, the counts of the NK cells in peripheral blood, umbilical blood and decidua of severe pre-eclamptic patients were significantly higher (all P<0.05). (2) Compared with that in normal late pregnant women, proliferating and killing ability of NK cells in peripheral blood and umbilical blood of severe pre-eclamptic patients were significantly higher. (3) The expression of HLA-G protein in placenta of severe pre-eclampsia group was lower than that in normal group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The quantity of NK cells in severe pre-eclamptic patients is increased with stronger biologic function. They may be related with the pathogenesis of severe pre-eclampsia.     

Effects of hypothalamic supraoptic ADH neurons at different times after hypophysectomy in Wistar rats

AIM:To observe the effects of supraoptic ADH neurons and central diabetes insipidus (CDI) in Wistar rats at different times after hypophysectomy.METHODS:Hypophysectomy was undergone by stereotaxic instrument.Water intake,urine output and urine specific gravity (SG) were observed each day.The survival rate of supraoptic ADH neurons was determined by immunofluorescence after hypophysectomy at different times.RESULTS:The rats manifested triphasic CDI after hypophysectomy.The average water intake in experiment group was 73.9 mL vs 30.9 mL in control group (P<0.01).Urine output was 59.7 mL vs 14.7 mL (P<0.01) and SG was 1.015 vs 1.036 (P<0.01).There was minor decrease in ADH neurons at the 3rd day after hypophysectomy (survival 94%,P>0.05),but the cellular body hypertrophy appeared.The survival rate at 10th day was 72％(P<0.01),31% at 20th day and 29% at 30th day.There was no difference between the 20th and 30th day (P>0.05),but they were all less than the 10th day (P<0.01).The ADH immunoreactivity enhanced in median eminence (ME) at the 20th day.CONCLUSION:The triphasic CDI appeard and supraoptic ADH neurons degenerated but the function of those survival neurons had compensatory enhancement after hypophysectomy.     

不同加工工艺对红茶茶膏品质的影响

通过常规浸提、酶处理浸提两种提取工艺与真空减压浓缩、水浴浓缩两种干燥工艺制备红茶茶膏,并对其理化成分、色差及感官品质进行分析.结果表明,经酶处理后利用真空减压浓缩工艺能够显著提高红茶茶膏总糖、茶红素(TR)、茶黄素(TF)、茶褐素(TB)、儿茶素等理化活性成分含量,并提高红茶茶膏感官品质.色差分析b/a值和色相角(Hab)在红茶茶膏汤色分析中能更好反映红茶茶膏汤色状况,其与感官评分相关系数较高,可作为色差分析中衡量红茶茶膏色差品质的指标之一.     

不同灌溉方式对苹果园土壤水分动态、耗水量和产量的影响

为探讨不同灌溉方式对苹果园土壤含水率、生育期耗水量、产量及水分利用效率的影响,于2005年4～11月在密云水库上游地区新城子蔡家甸有机苹果基地布设了3种灌溉方式(管灌、滴灌和微喷灌)及对照(不灌溉)共4个处理、3个重复的对比试验.分别在苹果树开花期、枝条速长期、成熟期和封冻前灌水,依据不同灌溉方式的灌溉效率以及田间土壤实际含水率等因素确定灌水量.结果表明:(1)在3种灌溉方式处理中,微喷灌、滴灌处理的0～60 cm土层土壤含水率较高,入渗深度在80 cm以内,未产生水分深层渗漏.管灌向下入渗深度大于微喷灌和滴灌,达到120 cm.(2)在整个生育期内,微喷灌和滴灌处理比管灌节约灌水量分别是31.99%和49.83%;微喷灌和滴灌条件下果园耗水量较管灌分别减少11.52%和12.49%.(3)从产量来看,微喷灌、滴灌、管灌产量分别比对照高25.74%、9.99%和0.78%;微喷灌产量达到51 000 kg/hm2;其水分利用效率最高且达到9.288 kg/m3.总体看来,微喷灌是相对较好的节水增效灌溉方式,值得在果园灌溉中应用.     

丁酸梭菌在家禽生产中应用的研究进展

丁酸梭菌作为一种益生菌,存在于人和动物的肠道中,不易受到胃酸、消化酶和胆汁酸等因素的影响,不仅可以通过把营养物质降解成丁酸为动物提供营养与能量,而且可以保护肠道健康,促进营养物质的吸收和动物的生长,以及增强免疫功能等,因此丁酸梭菌可以作为饲料添加剂用于畜禽生产。本文对丁酸梭菌对家禽生理、生产性能的影响及其机制进行综述,以便为丁酸梭菌在家禽生产中的应用提供参考。     

三唑磷在竹笋中的残留分析与消解动态

运用气相色谱法分析了竹笋中三唑磷的残留量和消解动态,建立了三唑磷的消解动态方程。竹笋样品经乙腈匀浆、净化后,在DB-1701色谱柱中分离并采用GC-FPD分析,当添加水平为0.01~0.1 mg/kg时,竹笋中三唑磷的平均添加回收率为94.0% ~101.5%,相对标准偏差在1.6% ~18.2%之间,以3倍基线噪音作为最小检出限,得到最小检出量为5×10-12 g,最低检测浓度为 0.01 mg/kg。田间残留消解试验表明: 竹笋对三唑磷的吸收在施药后1 d达到高峰,之后缓慢下降,药后30 d接近最低检测浓度0.01 mg/kg,半衰期为3.7 d,消解到0.01 mg/kg的时间为药后30.2 d,其消解方程ct=2.738 5e-0.186 t。建议三唑磷在竹笋上的安全间隔期应大于21 d。