沙棘清妍胶囊祛黄褐斑的实验研究

清妍胶囊是以沙棘果粉为主要原料,辅以维生素C、维生素E、OPC和珍珠粉等成分精制而成,本实验30名符合要求的黄褐斑受试者,服用本胶囊,每日2次,每次1粒,连续30d。结果黄褐斑面积平均下降8.37±10.42cm2,颜色明显变浅,色卡平均降低0.43±0.34度,30例中,显效3例,有效15例,总有效率60%。试食前后血常规、尿常规及血生化指标均在正常范围,可以认为,该胶囊具有美容(祛黄褐斑)作用,且对试食者身体健康无明显影响。     

基于辐射累积量的灌溉策略对不同土壤质地温室黄瓜产量和品质的影响

针对设施土壤栽培中缺乏简单实用灌溉策略的问题,该研究以黄瓜‘中农26’为试材,在典型土壤质地（壤土、黏壤土和砂壤土）下,控制同一质地土壤相同太阳辐射量累积下总灌水量一致,探究基于太阳辐射累积量的灌溉策略（分别以15、20和25 MJ/m²的辐射累积量作为灌水起始点）对日光温室秋冬茬黄瓜植株生长、产量、灌溉水分利用效率和品质的影响。结果表明,对于壤土、黏壤土和砂壤土,以25 MJ/m²的辐射累积量作为灌水起始点,分别对应单次3.22、3.56和2.77 mm的灌水量,有利于植株获得更高的光合速率、叶面积、株高和节间数;但同一质地土壤相同灌水量下基于太阳辐射累积量的灌溉策略并未对黄瓜产量和灌溉水分利用效率产生显著影响（P>0.05）。对于壤土、黏壤土和砂壤土,以20 MJ/m²的辐射累积量作为灌溉起始点,分别对应单次2.59、2.85和2.22 mm的灌水量,果实可获得较高的可溶性糖和维生素C含量,较低的硝酸盐含量,品质较优。因此,基于太阳辐射累积量作为灌水起始点的灌溉策略可用于设施黄瓜栽培,但单次灌水量需综合考虑土壤质地类型和高产/优质的栽培目标进行设定。     

大麦籽粒蛋白质含量的QTL定位分析

通过栽培大麦Karl与Lewis杂交构建的重组自交系F10代60个骨干家系,种植于贵州高海拔地区,并对其F11代籽粒蛋白质含量(GPC)进行测定及其QTL分析后,发现2个单一QTL(GPC1和GPC2),LOD值分别为3.63和2.93,贡献率分别为49％和26％,加性效应分别为+2.9％和+1.9％.在自交系群体中发现极端表现型家系,分别为高GPC的R9、R 15、R32、R7及低GPC的R121、R 34、R 110、R 136,两极端表现型家系GPC相差高达10％.以上结果均为大麦GPC基因研究及品种改良提供了极具价值的依据和材料.     

深圳梧桐山风景区林下主要植物群落景观的评价与林分改造对策

根据研究对象的特性和研究目的,确定植物景观评价因子及其权重,建立城市森林公园林下景观的评价模型。采用AHP法对深圳梧桐山风景区林下典型群落进行了评价,最后得到景观美景度值,就平均得分在6分以下的指标提出相应的改造对策,为森林公园的建设提供依据。     

中蔗系列甘蔗品种的黑穗病抗性鉴定

黑穗病是广西蔗区最主要的病害。本研究利用人工接种结合病区大田自然发病的方法,用4对甘蔗黑穗病菌交配型单倍体菌株分别注射接种,对本实验室培育的甘蔗新品种(系)中蔗1号、中蔗6号和中蔗9号及广西主栽品种ROC22进行甘蔗黑穗病抗性评价。结果表明,4个甘蔗品种对黑穗病抗性从强到弱排序依次为:中蔗9号>中蔗1号>中蔗6号>ROC22。对重病区田间一年宿根自然发病进行全年跟踪调查,中蔗1号和中蔗6号黑穗病发病率为零,中蔗9号发病率为0.4%,ROC22为6.8%。结论:中蔗系列甘蔗品种有很强的黑穗病抗性。     

与辣椒抗TMV L基因连锁的分子标记的筛选及种质资源抗TMV鉴定

以含抗辣椒TMV的L基因的材料L15为基础,利用与L基因连锁的3个分子标记189D23MF、PMFR11和PMFR21对种质资源进行鉴定。对L15、3份感病材料H8/H9/H11×L15 F₁、46份辣椒种质资源进行室内人工TMV接种并对其进行表型抗性鉴定和RT-PCR检测。对筛选出的标记在F₁及BC₁P₁群体中进行验证。结果表明：分子标记189D23MF在L15和12份辣椒种质上均未扩增出条带;SCAR标记PMFR11在L15和46份辣椒种质上呈现共显性分离,SCAR标记PMFR21为显性标记。通过室内人工接种鉴定方式,2份材料L15、H11×L15表现为高抗。H9×L15表现为抗,H8×L15及5份材料A1、A35、A39、A55、L16表现为中抗,11份材料表现为感病,30份材料表现为高感。在F₁及BC₁P₁群体中PCR扩增结果表明SCAR标记PMFR21可用于辣椒抗TMV分子标记辅助选择。     

内毒素对肝细胞凋亡及Bcl-2表达的影响

运用免疫组化技术研究内毒素对肝细胞凋亡及Bcl-2表达的影响。48只SD大鼠随机分成两组,Ⅰ组为对照组（静脉注射生理盐水）,Ⅱ组为内毒素组（静脉注射内毒素5mg／kg）。分别在注射后3h、4h、8h、12h每组各迫杀6只,用流式细胞术检测肝细胞的凋亡及免疫组化技术观察内毒素对肝细胞Bcl-2表达的影响。结果显示,Ⅱ组凋亡肝细胞百分比明显高于Ⅰ组（P〈0．01）;Ⅱ组呈上升趋势;Ⅰ组Bcl-2的积分光密度明显高于Ⅱ组（P〈0．01）,且Ⅱ组一直呈下降趋势。结果表明,在体内内毒素可诱导肝细胞凋亡和抑制Bcl-2的表达。     

Effect of cimicifugoside H-1 on amino acid neurotransmitters in striatum of rats with cerebral ischemia

AIM: To study the neuroprotective effect of cimicifugoside H-1 and to explore the mechanism involved by determining the variation of amino acid neurotransmitters in extracellular fluid in the striatum of rats with cerebral ischemia. METHODS: The rats were randomly divided into sham-operated, cerebral ischemia, high-, middle- and low-dose cimicifugoside H-1, and ginkgo groups. Focal cerebral ischemia model was established by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) with sutures. Normal saline was intraperitoneally injected into the rats in sham-operated group and cerebral ischemia group, while ginkgo and different doses of cimicifugoside H-1 were injected into the rats in ginkgo group and high-, middle- and low-dose cimicifugoside H-1 groups, respectively, once a day for 7 d. The striatal fluids were gained in vivo by brain microdialysis. The contents of aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glycine and γ-aminobutyric acid were tested by high-performance liquid chromatography electrochemical detector system. RESULTS: Compared with sham-operated group, the contents of excitatory amino acids (aspartic acid and glutamic acid) were significantly increased 2 h after cerebral ischemia (P<0.05). Compared with cerebral ischemia group, the contents of aspartic acid and glutamic acid were significantly decreased 2 h after cerebral ischemia in high-dose cimicifugoside H-1 and ginkgo groups (P<0.05). Compared with cerebral ischemia group, the contents of aspartic acid and glutamic acid did not show significant decrease 2 h after cerebral ischemia in middle- and low-dose cimicifugoside H-1 groups. Compared with sham-operated group, the contents of inhibitory amino acid (γ-aminobutyric acid and glycine) were significantly decreased 3 h after cerebral ischemia in cerebral ischemia group (P<0.05). Compared with cerebral ischemia group, the contents of γ-aminobutyric acid and glycine were significantly increased 3 h after cerebral ischemia in high-dose cimicifugoside H-1 and ginkgo groups (P<0.05). Compared with cerebral ischemia group, the contents of γ-aminobutyric acid and glycine did not show significant decrease 3 h after cerebral ischemia in middle- and low-dose cimicifugoside H-1 groups. CONCLUSION: Cimicifugoside H-1 restrains the excessive releases of excitatory amino acids and increases the contents of inhibitory amino acids during cerebral ischemia. It doesn't only penetrate through the blood brain barrier, but also regulates the disorder of excitatory amino acid during cerebral ischemia, thus showing the protective function to cerebral neuron during cerebral ischemia.     

N-(1-萘乙酰基)-N'-(4-氨替吡啉基)硫脲(NAT)对小麦生理活性影响的初步研究

以新合成的NAT配制成不同浓度(0.1、1.0、10.50mg·L~(-1))的水溶液,对小麦进行漫种、水培幼苗和大田灌浆期叶面喷洒处理,以与NAT相同浓度的NAA作对比,研究了喷后一定时期小麦叶片生理活性和收割时籽粒千粒重。结果表明,NAT使小麦在不同生长发育时期叶片中的叶绿素含量均增加;幼苗叶片呼吸速率下降;幼苗期低浓度处理NR活性增高,高浓度显著抑制,灌浆期则随处理浓度的升高而显著增加;籽粒千粒重明显高于对照。不论对叶片生理活性还是对籽粒千粒重的影响,NAT的总体效果均明显优于NAA,其中以1 mg·L~(-1)左右浓度的NAT处理效果最佳。