对北京市公益林市场化经营的思考

北京市的公益林作为传统意义上的公共物品，一直以来由全市各级政府投资建设，成本高，效率低，代价大。因此，提高公益林的经营效率和质量，对于北京市公益林的持续、健康发展至关重要。笔者就如何在北京市公益林的经营中引入市场机制进行思考，并力求构建一个较为合理的公益林市场化经营模式。     

家蝇抗菌肽的研究进展马红霞

从家蝇抗菌肽的分类、结构特点、作用机理、诱变、活性检验以及分子生物学研究等方面介绍了家蝇抗菌肽的研究进展。家蝇抗菌肽独特的作用机理、成熟的诱导、分离纯化技术及其相关基因的克隆、表达等研究成果均为对家蝇抗菌肽进行更深入的研究奠定了基础。采用分子生物学技术有望筛选并制备大量的高效家蝇抗菌肽。     

The Correlation Between Polymorphisms of Exon1 and Exon4 of DRB1 Gene and Brucellosis in Kazakh Sheep

The purpose of this experiment was to study the correlation between exon 1 and 4 polymorphisms of DRB1 gene and brucellosis in Kazakh sheep.Using RBPT serological tests to try sheep serum,reference in GenBank sheep MHC Class Ⅱ area DRB1 gene sequences (Accession No.:NC_040271.1),the exon 1 and 4 pieces designed primers,using PCR-SSCP and DNA sequencing technology to 230 Kazak sheep DRB1 gene polymorphism detection,analyze its polymorphism loci and the relationship between the Kazak sheep Brucella susceptibility.The results showed that 66 Kazakh sheep were positive for Brucella in RBPT test,and the positive detection rate was 28.7%.There was one SNP locus (F1-G22A) in exon 1 fragment,and sequencing determined two genotypes (GG and GA),the dominant allele and genotype were G and GG respectively,and the susceptibility genotype of the polymorphisms of F1-G22A was GA.Chi-square test showed that there was no significant correlation between the polymorphisms of DRB1 gene F1-G22A and Brucella susceptibility in Kazakh sheep (P>0.05).According to the analysis of bioinformatics online software,the F1-G22A polymorphic sites lead to the change of RNA secondary structure and the decrease of minimum free energy,and lead to the change of protein secondary structure.No SNPs were found in DRB1 exon 4 fragment.Therefore,there might be a certain correlation between the polymorphisms of DRB1 gene F1-G22A and Brucella susceptibility in Kazakh sheep.     

Genome-wide Association Study on Alive Litter Size Trait in Bama Xiang Pigs

In order to identify the molecular markers related to alive litter size of Bama Xiang pigs,the genome-wide association study (GWAS) was used to map and screen the candidate genes affecting the alive litter size trait.Ear tissue samples of 297 Bama Xiang pigs with multiple parity records were collected,and DNA was extracted and genotyped by porcine 50K SNP beadchip.After quality control and genotype imputation,the alive litter size of Bama Xiang pigs were GWAS by Tassel.The results showed that the average number born alive per litter of Bama Xiang pigs increased gradually with the increasing of parity in the range of 1-9 parities.A total of 32 816 SNPs were obtained after quality control and filtration.8 SNPs related to alive litter size of Bama Xiang pigs were screened by genome-wide association analysis,which were significant at genome or chromosome level.Based on the enrichment analysis of the coding genes in the region between 500 kb upstream and downstream of the associated significant SNP loci,and the QTL regions and gene functions related to porcine reproductive traits,4 genes (CAPZB,MSH3,CITED2 and HSD17B7) were finally identified to be candidate genes related to alive litter size of Bama Xiang pigs.     

细菌耐药质粒消除方法研究进展

常见的病原微生物多重耐药性的增加以及多重耐药菌株的出现,给动物养殖业造成了巨大的经济损失。细菌的耐药性与其自身携带的耐药质粒关系密切。论文从细菌耐药现状,细菌的耐药性和耐药质粒的关系,耐药质粒的物理、化学、中草药消除方法这几个方面进行综述,旨在寻求一种安全有效的消除方法消除耐药质粒,为今后相关的研究提供参考。     

庆阳市采用塑料大棚发酵畜禽粪污模式初探

为了提高粪污发酵速度、缩短发酵时间,减少环境对粪污的承载和消纳能力,笔者通过采用塑料大棚模式发酵粪污,以提高粪污内部温度,添加一定的微生物菌剂,采用高温好氧堆积发酵,在西北气候条件下,使小型养殖场(合作社)粪污发酵比常温堆积发酵时间缩短了40～100 d,使粪污尽快得到还田利用,减少了环境对粪污的承载力。     

阴阳离子平衡对山羊瘤胃内环境及养分消化代谢的影响

选用安有永久瘤胃瘘管黄淮山羊6只,随机分为3组,分别饲喂3种不同阴阳离子平衡（A组332mEq／kgDM、B组418mEq／kgDM、C组496mEq／kgDM）的日粮,研究日粮阴阳离子平衡对瘤胃消化代谢的影响。结果表明：提高日粮阴阳离子水平可以有效提高瘤胃液的pH值,在饲喂后8h差异显著（P〈0．05）;青干草DM、CF的降解率在瘤胃内随时间的增加而增加,在同一时间段试验B组较高,试验A组最低,且在12h、24h、48h时组间差异显著（P〈0．05）。CF的降解率趋势与DM相同,组间差异显著（P〈0．05）。     

浅谈高尔夫球场建造的成本控制

高尔夫球场建造项目经济利润是高尔夫施工单位存在和长期发展的基础,也是施工单位追求的最终目标.高尔夫施工单位项目利润主要来源于建造工程成本的控制.随着市场经济的深入发展,高尔夫项目建造竞争越来越激烈,施工单位的利润空间越来越低.通过有效措施来控制高尔夫球场建造的成本,成为施工单位获得最大盈利的重点.本研究通过阐述高尔夫球...     

犬IFN-α优化基因的真核表达及抗病毒活性的研究

本研究根据酵母系统密码子的偏嗜性,对成熟蛋白基因核苷酸序列进行密码子偏嗜性改造,利用毕赤酵母分泌型表达载体pPICZαC来表达犬IFN-α成熟蛋白基因。并采用非洲绿猴肾细胞(Vero) -水疱性口炎病毒(VSV)系统以细胞病变抑制法为基础来测定重组犬α干扰素的效价,同样方法测定了表达产物对PRV和CDV的抑制作用。本试验实现了犬α干扰素在酵母中的高表达,表达量高达58 mg/L,SDS-PAGE检测大小约为24 ku,比预测分子质量大,推测发生了糖基化。表达产物具有较强的种属特异性,在Vero细胞上对PRV具有较高的抗病毒活性,达到了3.6×10⁷ U/L,对CDV也有很好的抑制作用。本研究为犬IFN-α以后的临床应用研究奠定基础。     

细胞永生化的研究进展

永生细胞系具有无限增殖能力,其自我更新能力、增殖分化模式、基因表达调控以及癌症等疾病研究一直以来也是分子细胞生物学领域的研究热点与难点.细胞永生化是指细胞在体外培养的时候,由于自身基因改变或者外界因素刺激,例如细胞周期检查点通路受损、端粒酶的再次激活上调、原癌基因激活等影响,使细胞分裂加快,并突破了自我衰老与凋亡机制,...