Analysis of the Genetic Diversity and Origin of Some Chinese Domestic Duck Breeds

Twelve fluorescence-labeled microsatellite markers were used to analyze the genetic diversity of 12 domestic duck breeds and 2 wild duck breeds to determine the relationship and origin of Chinese domestic duck breeds. Gene frequency, effective number of alleles （Ne）, expected heterozygosity （He）, polymorphism information contents （PIC）, inbreeding coefficient in population （Fis）, standard genetic distance （Ds）, and genetic distance （DA） were calculated by FSTAT and distance and phylogenetic analysis after the dates which were output from the Microsatellite-Toolkit software. Genetic distances between 12 domestic duck breeds and 2 wild duck breeds were analyzed by variance analysis. Unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean （UPGMA） and phylogenetic trees used for cluster analysis were structured. The results indicated that 11 loci had medium- or high-level genetic diversity among the 12 loci, which could be efficiently used in the detection of the genetic parameters of each population. The values of He were 0.5414 to 0.7343, those of PIC proved similar, and those of Fis were 0.1101 to 0.3381 among all populations. All breeds were clustered into three groups by UPGMA phylogenetic trees. Banzui duck was clustered into a separate group. Differences of the DA were analysed by t-test. The results showed that difference in DA between the 12 domestic duck breeds and Lvtou duck and the Banzui duck were very significant （P〈0.01）, indicating that these 12 domestic duck breeds originated from Lvtou wild duck, but not Banzui duck.     

光照对中国对虾稚虾3种消化酶活力的影响

在实验室条件下研究光照(光照周期、光照强度和光色)对中国对虾(Fenneropenaeus chinensis)稚虾3种消化酶(蛋白酶、淀粉酶和脂肪酶)活力的影响。在本实验条件下,主要结果如下:(1)4种光照周期下,对虾3种消化酶的活力差异不显著(P>0.05);(2)在完全黑暗、6μmol.m-2.s-1、30μmol.m-2.s-1和110μmol.m-2.s-1光照强度下,对虾蛋白酶的活力分别为0.361 U.mg-1(protein)、0.081 U.mg-1(protein)、0.088 U.mg-1(protein)和0.273 U.mg-1(protein),完全黑暗和110μmol.m-2.s-1下的活力显著高于其他两个光照强度(P<0.05),且两者间的差异达到显著水平(P<0.05);中国对虾淀粉酶的活力分别为0.386 U.mg-1(protein)、0.095 U.mg-1(protein)、0.111 U.mg-1(protein)和0.315 U.mg-1(protein),完全黑暗和110μmol.m-2.s-1条件下的活力显著高于其他两个光照强度(P<0.05),两者间的差异亦达到显著水平(P<0.05);对虾脂肪酶的活力分别为0.147×10-2U.mg-1(protein)、0.150×10-2U.mg-1(protein)、0.170×10-2U.mg-1(protein)和0.183×10-2U.mg-1(protein),完全黑暗和110μmol.m-2.s-1条件下的活力差异达到显著水平(P<0.05);(3)不同光色下,对虾蛋白酶和淀粉酶的活力差异不显著(P>0.05),脂肪酶的活力则存在一定的差异,蓝光和黄光下,对虾脂肪酶的活力分别为0.093×10-2U.mg-1(protein)和0.107×10-2U.mg-1(protein),显著高于白光和绿光下的活力(P<0.05),但蓝光组和黄光组间的差异不显著(P>0.05)。     

2019-2023年度陕西省科企联合体小麦区试品种抗病性鉴定与评价

为掌握陕西省科企联合体小麦区试品种抗病性水平,对2019—2023年度连续5年参加联合体区试的114份品种,采用大田人工接种的方法进行小麦条锈病、白粉病、赤霉病、叶锈病和纹枯病等5种病害的抗性鉴定与评价。结果表明,供试的114份品种对鉴定的5种病害抗性程度差异较大,表现为对条锈病抗性水平较高,对白粉病和赤霉病抗性水平最差。供试品种中,对条锈病表现免疫-中抗的品种61份,占供试品种的53.51%;对白粉病表现免疫-中抗的品种27份,占供试品种的23.68%;对赤霉病表现抗-中抗的品种21份,占供试品种的18.42%;同时鉴定出2份对5种病害均表现抗病的品种,分别为西农968和金麦207。对21份高感条锈病的品种均按陕西省区试品种试验要求终止了试验。     

Role of ACSL3 expression in suppressing prostate cancer cell metastasis

AIM:To analyze the difference of long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 3 (ACSL3) expression between normal prostate epithelial cells and prostate cancer cells.METHODS:ACLS3 mRNA expression between normal prostate epithelial cells and prostate cancer cells was compared using RT-PCR. Meanwhile, ACSL3 gene was amplified from prostate cancer cells, and the eukaryotic expression plasmid pCDNA3.1(+)-Flag-ACLS3 and lentivirus Lenti-ACLS3 were constructed. After transfection of ACSL3-plasmid and lentivirus into the prostate cancer cells, ACSL3 expressive was detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting, and then Matrigel invasion assay was performed to investigate the alteration of the invasive ability of the prostate cancer cells with over-expression of ACSL3. RESULTS:A significant difference of ACSL3 mRNA level between normal prostate epithelial cells and prostate cancer cells was observed. ACSL3 was highly expressed in localized prostate cancer cells compared to metastatic prostate cancer cells, while ACSL3 expression was higher in androgen-dependent prostate cancer cells than that in androgen-independent prostate cancer cells. Furthermore, the eukaryotic expression plasmid and lentivirus containing ACLS3 gene were successfully constructed. The prostate cancer cell line which stably over-expressed ACLS3 was established. Up-regulation of ACSL3 inhibited the invasive ability of prostate cancer cells. CONCLUSION:ACSL3 plays an antagonistic role in invasiveness of prostate cancer.     

Comparison of two methods for culturing neonatal rat cardiac fibroblasts

AIM:To establish and compare the methods for culturing neonatal rat cardiac fibroblasts culture. METHODS:Neonatal rat hearts were isolated by collagenase+trypsin or trypsin digestion. The cardiomyocytes and cardiac fibroblasts were isolated by different attachment techniques. The cellular morphology, purity and reactions to the reagent were tested. RESULTS:For morphology and purity, no difference between the 2 methods was observed, though more myocytes were harvested by the method of collagenase+trypsin digestion. For the cellular responses to reagent, the cardiac fibroblasts harvested with trypsin digestion had more potent proliferative ability than those with collagenase+trypsin digestion. CONCLUSION:There is no difference of cellular morphology and purity in the cardiac fibroblasts isolated by collagenase+trypsin digestion and trypsin digestion, but the fibroblasts with trypsin digestion have more potent proliferative ability.     

矮壮素浸种对黄瓜幼苗下胚轴伸长及细胞亚显微结构的影响

为了明确矮壮素（CCC）浸种对黄瓜幼苗下胚轴伸长的影响,以3 000 mg·L^-1 矮壮素对黄瓜品种中农203 进行浸种处理,测定黄瓜幼苗下胚轴生长的形态指标,并采用透射电子显微镜观察下胚轴薄壁细胞亚显微结构的变化。结果表明：矮壮素浸种处理能显著降低黄瓜幼苗下胚轴的长度,促进干物质积累。与对照相比,矮壮素浸种处理使黄瓜幼苗下胚轴薄壁细胞的细胞壁明显加厚,液泡数目增加,体积变小,叶绿体形态和结构发生改变,基粒含量和淀粉粒数量增加。     

不同施肥组合对盐碱地凡纳滨对虾池塘中浮游生物的影响

本实验在山东省东营市黄河口毛蟹繁育中心的养殖池塘的12个陆基围隔(5.5m×5.5m)中进行.在N施加量相等、N/P质量比为10∶1的情况下,实验共设4个处理,分别为全部施加无机肥(NN)、1/3有机肥和2/3无机肥(NO)、2/3有机肥和1/3无机肥(ON)以及全部施加有机肥(OO).凡纳滨对虾(Penaeus vannamei)的放养密度均为33ind/m2.实验结果表明,全部施加无机肥的水体中浮游植物生物量显著高于其他组合,其浮游动物生物量高峰维持时间最短;2/3有机肥与1/3无机肥混施的水体中浮游植物生物量最稳定,而且浮游动物高峰维持时间最长,与其他组合相比能显著提高对虾的净产量;全部施加有机肥的水体中浮游植物多样性指数显著高于其他组合.     

《畜产品加工》课程教学内容的研究与设计

通过介绍《畜产品加工》课程教学内容设计的全过程,重点对畜产品加工相关岗位典型工作任务和职业能力进行分析,围绕课程设计的理念和思路,紧密结合教学规律和学生的认知规律,对课程教学内容的设计进行了论述,旨在为探索中等职业学校《畜产品加工》课程教学内容改革提供参考。     

动物解剖学多媒体技术和传统教学方法的实践应用

动物解剖学作为传统的动物医学基础课,其内容较为枯燥单调,在长期的教学建设中,如何对动物解剖学的教学方法进行改革等问题,一直困扰着动物解剖教学工作者。中国农业大学动物医学院的教师们在动物解剖学教学过程中,将传统的教学方式和多媒体技术很好地结合起来,并进行了积极的探索与实践,取得了良好的教学效果。     

《动物学》课程理论教学改革初探

《动物学》是高等院校动物医学、动物科学等专业重要的专业基础课。根据《动物学》课程特点,结合自身教学经验,通过对动物学理论教学和课程管理进行改革,提高教学效果和教学质量。