α-酮戊二酸对仔猪小肠组织学形态与功能的影响

本研究通过试验探讨不同水平的α-酮戊二酸(AKG)对小肠组织学形态和功能的影响.试验1和试验2各选取32头仔猪,按体重随机分为4个处理,分别饲喂添加0、0.5%、1.0%和2.0%AKG的试验日粮;于试验第14天,测定血浆D-木糖浓度、二胺氧化酶(DAO)活性、内毒素含量.试验3选用12头仔猪,按体重随机分为2个处理,分别为基础日粮组和添加1.0%AKG的试验日粮组;于试验第14天,观察小肠黏膜形态.试验结果表明:试验1和试验2中,D-木糖含量均随AKG水平的增高而上升(P<0.05),当AKG水平为1.0%时达到最高(二次,P<0.05);试验1中血浆中的DAO活性随着AKG水平增高而降低(P<0.01),当AKG水平为1.0%时最低(二次,P<0.05);试验3中1.0%AKG组各肠段绒毛高度与隐窝深度比值(VH/CD)较对照组显著下降(P<0.05).由试验结果得出,日粮中添加AKG可在一定程度上改善仔猪的小肠组织学形态和吸收功能,以1.0%比例添加效果较好.     

用于铲刀连接座凹球面的淬火感应器及配用尺寸确定方法

针对淬火感应器及配用尺寸的确定方法，通过采用方铜管制作感应圈的有效感应弧端和导磁体的驱磁作用，解决了感应加热效率提升以及圆环效应的影响问题；采取感应器冷却用水与感应淬火冷却介质合二为一的方法，解决了铲刀连接座凹球面淬火时所需冷却介质的问题；通过分析给出了淬火感应器配用尺寸的确定方法。另外，所述感应器及配用尺寸的确定方法，构思新颖，结构合理，易于制作，且方法简单可行，具有很好的使用价值，并已申报了国家专利。     

普通小麦与簇毛麦远缘杂交的受精和早期胚胎发育

用石腊制片法，对普通小麦“中国春”Ｔ ｒｉｔｉｃｕｍ ａｅｓｔｉｖｕｍ Ｌｃｖ．Ｃｈｉｎｅｓｅ Ｓｐｒｉｎｇ和簇毛麦Ｄａｓｙｐｙｒｕｍ ｖｉｌｌｏｓｕｍ（Ｌ） Ｃａｎｄａｒｇｙ杂交的受精和早期胚胎发育进行了观察。结果表明，簇毛麦花粉在小麦柱头上萌发良好，花粉管可顺利长入花柱和胚囊。观察的２１０个小麦房中，１３．８１％发生了双受精，产生胚和胚乳；１６．１９％发生了卵细胞单受精，只产生胚而无胚乳；４．     

蒙城县肉牛产业调研与发展策略

蒙城县肉牛产业虽具有一定的资源、技术等优势和传统养殖基础,但由于肉牛数量严重下滑,规模养殖难度较大,组织化程度不高,政府缺乏投入,发展举步维艰；有关部门应引起高度重视,尽快出台系列优惠政策和配套措施,加大肉牛业发展的扶持力度,共同推动蒙城县肉牛产业的发展.本文对蒙城县肉牛产业的基本情况、发展基础和优势,当前存在的问题进行了分析,最后提出了肉牛发展的策略.     

益生菌发酵乳无菌提取物对空肠弯曲杆菌flaA σ28启动子的抑制作用（英文）

为了研究益生菌发酵乳无菌提取物对食源性有害微生物(空肠弯曲杆菌)有毒基因表达的抑制作用,以利用空肠弯曲杆菌的有毒基因flaA σ28启动子和无启动子的质粒pRYluxCDABE联结构建的生物冷光转基因模型为试验材料,通过检测生物发光特性的方法,研究了空肠弯曲杆菌有毒基因flaA表达与益生菌(5种双岐杆菌,6种乳酸杆菌)发酵乳无菌提取物之间的关系。结果表明,益生菌发酵乳无菌提取物对空肠弯曲杆菌flaA σ28启动子的活性有显著的抑制作用(P<0.05),并可显著抑制空肠弯曲杆菌有害基因flaA的表达。     

Serum prolactin and growth hormone responses to naloxone and intracerebral ventricle morphine administration in heifers

These studies examined responses of serum prolactin (PRL) and growth hormone (GH) to opioid agonist and antagonist administration in heifers. To minimize nonspecific and behavioral effects and to facilitate future studies with specific opioid receptor agonists, a cannula was placed within the third cerebral ventricle of the brain of 4- to 10-mo-old heifers to directly access hypothalamic regions involved in the regulation of PRL and GH secretion. Increasing doses of morphine (M) from 2 to 1,500 micrograms injected into the third cerebral ventricle increased (P less than .001) serum PRL concentrations in a dose-related manner. Growth hormone responses were variable, resulting in elevated (P less than .05) serum concentrations following morphine, but no dose-related effects were apparent. Both PRL and GH responses to 700 micrograms M were absent when an intracerebral ventricle injection of an equimolar dose of naloxone, an opioid receptor antagonist, was administered prior to M. In a replicated 4 x 4 latin square, the effects of intravenous naloxone on PRL and GH responses was tested in young (86 +/- 11 d) and older (234 +/- 6 d) heifers. Naloxone at doses of 1, 2 and 4 mg/kg reduced (P less than .05) serum concentrations of PRL for 45 to 60 min. Mean concentrations of GH tended to be higher (P less than .07) in older heifers All doses of naloxone decreased (P less than .05) serum GH concentrations in older heifers but proved ineffective in younger heifers. There were no differences between doses of naloxone on either PRL or GH. These data suggest that endogenous opioids are involved in the regulation of PRL and GH secretion in heifers.     

Bovine pneumonic pasteurellosis: chemiluminescent response of bovine peripheral blood leukocytes to living and killed Pasteurella haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, and Escherichia coli

A luminol-dependent chemiluminescence (LDCL) assay was used to evaluate the response of bovine polymorphonuclear leukocytes; (neutrophils [PMN]) to living and heat-killed Escherichia coli, Pasteurella multocida (type A, serotype 3), and P haemolytica (biotype A, serotype 1), and to heat-killed P haemolytica and sterile culture supernatant from living P haemolytica. Control cultures containing PMN that had not been phagocytically stimulated with bacteria had a modest increase in LDCL during the initial 10 minutes of incubation, followed by a gradual decline throughout the 120-minute incubation period. Bovine PMN emitted LDCL more efficiently when the cells were exposed to living E coli or P multocida than when they were exposed to the same bacteria killed by heat. The mean LDCL values for reaction mixtures containing living E coli or P multocida peaked at 30 minutes of incubation and remained above values for mixtures containing the same heat-killed bacteria. Kinetics of the LDCL response of bovine PMN to heat-killed P haemolytica were similar (although reduced in amplitude) to that observed with killed E coli or P multocida. The LDCL response of bovine PMN to living P haemolytica was not like that for E coli or P multocida, and was characterized by the development of a peak response at 10 minutes followed by a precipitous decrease in responsiveness and a subsequent complete cessation of LDCL. Addition of sterile culture supernatant from living P haemolytica to test samples containing heat-killed P haemolytica induced a response similar to that obtained with the living microorganism.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Effect of oxcarbazepine on cortical excitability in patients with epilepsy

AIM: To evaluate the effect of monotherapy (oxcarbazepine and carbamazepine) on rest motor threshold (rMT), cortical latency (CL), central motor conduction time (CMCT) and motor evoked potential amplitude (MEP amplitude), using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in patients with partial epilepsy. METHODS: A single pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation was used for recording the motor-evoked potentials (MEP) from the thenar muscles of both hands in 38 patients with partial epilepsy, who were with normal brain MRI and treated with OXC or CBZ. The rMT, CL, CMCT and MEP amplitude were recorded and compared with 20 healthy controls. The recording sessions were performed before treatment and 2 and 4 weeks after treatment. RESULTS: The rMT were higher in the ipsilateral hemisphere in partial epilepsy compared with the contralateral hemisphere, but not statistically significant (P>0.05). Compared with the patients before treatment, the ipsilateral rMT in OXC group increased significantly 2 and 4 weeks after treatment, while that increased significantly only after 4 weeks in CBZ group. No significant interhemispheric difference was observed on MEP amplitude, CL and CMCT in both controls and patients before treatment. Also, no significant change was found on CL, CMCT and MEP amplitude among patients before and after treatment. CONCLUSION: Single pulse TMS is able to provide a valuable electrophysiologic insight into the interical excitatory state of cortex in patients with epilepsy. The excitability of motor cortical in partial epilepsy with normal brain MRI may be interhemispheric asymmetry. Both OXC and CBZ reduce the membrane excitability of human motor cortical neurons, possibly through changing Na+ channel activity.