橄榄蛏蚌血细胞形态及吞噬能力的初步研究

对橄榄蛏蚌(Solenaia oleivora)血细胞的形态特征和吞噬作用进行了初步研究。基于瑞氏染色后血细胞的形态、颜色、大小等特征,可将橄榄蛏蚌的血细胞分为大颗粒细胞、小颗粒细胞、透明细胞、类淋巴细胞共4种类型。透明细胞的直径最大,小颗粒细胞次之,类淋巴细胞最小;透明细胞的胞核直径最大,小颗粒细胞次之,大颗粒细胞最小。类淋巴细胞的核质比最大(0.67),其他3种细胞的核质比为0.37～0.48。4种血细胞所占比例以小颗粒细胞最高(43.6%),透明细胞次之(36.6%),类淋巴细胞最低(7.0%)。橄榄蛏蚌平均血细胞浓度为(4.21±1.51)×105个/mL,个体的血细胞浓度与体重(或壳长)不相关(P>0.05),不同体重组(或壳长组)的平均血细胞浓度无显著差异(P>0.05)。在37℃体外吞噬试验中,橄榄蛏蚌血细胞对金黄色葡萄球菌的吞噬比例为(43.6±7.0)%,吞噬指数为(0.743±0.145)。4种血细胞中,小颗粒细胞的吞噬比例最大(0.288±0.061),类淋巴细胞不具吞噬能力。     

鸡骨型白血病免疫琼扩与放射摄片诊断的比较

为了探索特异性免疫学诊断方法对鸡骨型白血病(OP)的检测效果。用双盲法分批采样同时进行羽髓琼脂扩散试验和胫骨X线摄片检查对比,共检834只鸡(433羽属天然自发OP鸡群,401羽属人工诱发实验鸡群)。结果羽髓琼扩试验的OP阳性检出率为3．48％(29／834：)。阳性病理符合率为75．86％(22／29)。阳性误诊(假阳性)率24．13％(7／29),阴性误诊(假阴性)率36．15％(291／805)。而X线摄片检查的OP阳性检出率为38．37％(320／834)。X线阳性完全可获病理组织学证实,不存在假阳性或假阴性。把禽白血病羽髓琼扩试验试用于检测鸡骨型白血病尚属初次报道,其阳性检出率低而误诊率高,尚不宜作OP检测手段。放射摄片诊断的阳性检出率高而误诊率低,可快速诊断,故适用于OP检疫。     

Field evaluation of a PCR for the diagnosis of chlamydial abortion in sheep

A total of 94 vaginal swab samples and 195 serum samples collected from aborted ewes in 15 flocks were examined by pcr and a complement fixation test, respectively. In addition, 172 samples of stomach contents from fetuses from different flocks submitted for the diagnosis of abortion during the four lambing periods between 2000 and 2004 were tested by pcr. Chlamydial dna was detected in seven vaginal swabs obtained from five of the 15 flocks and in six samples of fetal stomach contents. The results of pcr and flock serology for Chlamydia were positive in five of the 15 flocks and negative in eight.     

Crystalline structure of heat-treated Scots pine [<Emphasis Type="Italic">Pinus sylvestris</Emphasis> L.] and Uludağ fir [<Emphasis Type="Italic">Abies nordmanniana</Emphasis> (Stev.) subsp. <Emphasis Type="Italic">bornmuelleriana</Emphasis> (Mattf.)] wood

The aim of this study was to determine changes in crystallinity and crystalline unit cell type of heat-treated Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and Uludağ fir (Abies nordmanniana stev. subsp. bornmuelleriana Mattf.) wood samples by means of FT-IR spectroscopic method. Heat treatment was applied on the test samples in an oven at three different temperatures (120, 150, and 180°C) and for two different periods of time (6 and 10 h) under atmospheric pressure. It was designated that crystallinity of both Scots pine and Uludağ fir wood samples increased during heat treatment depending on the duration. However, monoclinic structure in crystalline unit cells of Scots pine and Uludağ fir wood samples converted to triclinic structure when heat treated. It was estimated that monoclinic structure was dominant in the crystalline unit cell. It was established that the crystalline structure of Scots pine wood samples was more affected by heat treatment than that of Uludağ fir wood samples.     

4种新城疫油苗蛋鸡免疫力对比试验

为了解不同疫苗生产厂家生产的新城疫灭活疫苗的免疫效果,更好地开展新城疫的免疫工作,选用国内4个厂家所生产的新城疫灭活疫苗,免疫商品蛋鸡,依据免疫前后、攻毒后抗体水平变化趋势和攻毒后对鸡群的保护力,评估4种ND油苗的免疫效果。结果表明:3和4号疫苗组死亡保护力均为100%,而且3号和4号疫苗组产生的抗体水平较高、提升时间较早;而1号和2号疫苗组均有死亡,并且抗体水平与3号和4号疫苗组相比较低。由试验可知,不同生产厂家所生产的ND油苗质量参差不齐,免疫效果有较大差异。     

Effects of continuous supplementations of ascorbic acid, aspirin, vitamin E and selenium on some haematological parameters and serum superoxide dismutase level in broiler chickens

1. This study was conducted using male broiler chickens to determine the effects of ascorbic acid, aspirin, ascorbic acid+aspirin, vitamin E+selenium and ascorbic acid+aspirin+vitamin E+selenium supplementations on haematological parameters and serum superoxide dismutase concentration. 2. One hundred and twenty day-old male Hubbunt broiler chicks were randomly divided into 6 experimental groups of 20 chicks each and placed in different pens. Groups 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 were given a diet supplemented with ascorbic acid, aspirin (in water), ascorbic acid+aspirin, vitamin E+selenium and ascorbic acid+aspirin+vitamin E+selenium, respectively for 45 d while group 1 was given a commercial broiler diet. 3. There was no significant effect of ascorbic acid, aspirin, ascorbic acid+aspirin, vitamin E+selenium supplementations on any of the haematological parameters (red blood cell, haemoglobin, haematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration, mean corpuscular haemoglobin) in broilers but ascorbic acid+aspirin+vitamin E+selenium supplementation significantly decreased the white blood cell counts. 4. In addition to this, ascorbic acid, aspirin, ascorbic acid+aspirin and ascorbic acid+aspirin+vitamin E+selenium supplementations had no significant effect on the serum superoxide dismutase level, but vitamin E+selenium supplementation increased the serum superoxide dismutase level.     

兴安落叶松母树林经营技术

２５￣３５年生兴安落叶松母树林丰产结构是密度为３００株／ｈｍ＾２，Ⅰ级木占７５％、Ⅱ级木占２５％；偏雌，中间型，偏雄母树比例为６：０：４，其球果产量为２０３ｋｇ／ｈｍ＾２，种子品质也较好。在促进开花结实措施中，以环状砍皮方法效果较好，结实率为９０％，单株产量提高６０％；施肥中磷肥的效果显著，其施肥量为６０ｇ／ｍ＾２。     

定向结构板居室室内热环境的研究

运用温湿度自动记录仪对3种不同结构实体建筑的室内垂直空间的温湿度，墙体内外表面温度进行了监测，分析了建筑物的日平均温度变动比、衰减倍数。墙体内外表面以及室内垂直空间的温湿度分布，研究结果表明，内外表面均采用定向结构板，中间填充玻璃棉的复合墙体比传统砖墙的保温隔热性能好，能有效地抵抗外界大气环境对室内热环境影响的作用。     

内毒素及其诱导的信号转导

细菌内毒素中毒在临床上主要表现为机体发热、休克、恶质病、死亡。多种炎性细胞因子是引起上述临床表现的原因。内毒素通过与细胞膜表面相应的分子如脂多糖结合蛋白、CD14、Toll样受体相互作用，将信号跨膜传递至胞内并活化NF－κB（nuclear factor of kappa B)，从而使细胞核基因激活，产生多种炎性细胞因子。本文主要综述了近年来在内毒素诱导的信号转导方面所取得的进展。