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81.
为了解乳酸菌噬菌体的生物学特性,并为制定乳酸菌发酵生产过程中噬菌体污染的防控措施提供试验数据和参考,本研究通过斑点试验和双层琼脂平板法,以干酪乳杆菌(L. casei) ATCC 393、戊糖乳杆菌(L. pentosus) KLDS 1.0413、短小乳杆菌(L. brevis) ATCC 367为指示菌从乳制品、泡菜样品中分离乳酸菌噬菌体,通过透射电镜观察噬菌体形态,噬菌体基因组限制性内切酶作用分析其包装机制,并进行宿主范围和一步生长曲线的测定,SDS-PAGE分析噬菌体结构蛋白,对获得的噬菌体进行生物学特性鉴定。结果显示,分离获得3株烈性乳酸菌噬菌体,依次命名为Lc、Lpen和Lbre。电镜结果显示,噬菌体Lc、Lpen均由多面体头部和非收缩性尾部组成,而噬菌体Lbre由多面体头部和收缩性尾部组成。根据形态学分析,Lc和Lpen属于长尾噬菌体科(Siphoviridae),B1类,Lbre属于肌尾噬菌体科(Myoviridae),A1类。噬菌体基因组经限制性内切酶作用后,核酸电泳结果显示,噬菌体Lc、Lpen基因组均为异质平末端,其包装机制属满头包装,即pac-型,而Lbre含有黏性末端,其包装机制属于cos-型。宿主范围测定结果显示,噬菌体Lc、Lbre对宿主专一,而Lpen宿主谱较广。一步生长曲线显示,噬菌体Lc、Lpen和Lbre潜伏期分别为60、45和150 min,裂解期分别为45、90和105 min,裂解量分别为47、24和30 PFU/cell。SDS-PAGE分析显示,噬菌体Lc结构蛋白有7个,主要结构蛋白分子质量约为50 ku;噬菌体Lpen和Lbre结构蛋白均有5个,主要结构蛋白分子质量分别约为55和50 ku。综上,本研究分离获得3株乳酸菌烈性噬菌体,并对其主要生物学特性进行鉴定,对了解乳酸菌噬菌体及后续乳酸菌噬菌体污染的防治提供了试验数据和理论依据。 相似文献
82.
论述深松整地机械化技术在辽宁省的实施效果及主要作用,从土壤条件、作业时间、作业深度、作业机具4个方面,介绍相关技术的应用要点,为该技术在全省的推广应用提供技术参考。 相似文献
83.
MAO Qian-qian ZHOU Ling TANG Qing-hai BU Bin TANG Cun-duo JIAO Zhu-jin YAO Lun-guang KAN Yun-chao YANG Jian-wei CUI Shang-jin 《中国畜牧兽医》2016,43(7):1659-1666
This study was aimed to prepare canine parvovirus (CPV) VP2 protein polyclonal antibody.The recombinant expression vector pET28a-CPV-VP2 was constructed and transfromed into E.coli BL21 (DE3),the expression of recombinant proteins was induced by IPTG from which the fusion protein was identified by SDS-PAGE.The target protein was purified and emulsify with adjuvant,the prepared immunogen was inoculated into rabbit by subcutaneous injections to prepare of VP2 protein specific polyclonal antibody.The immuno-activity,titers,neutralization titers of the prepared polyclonal antibody were determined by immunoperoxidase monolayer assay (IPMA).The results showed that the expressed recombinant protein VP2 (rVP2) existed in the form of inclusion body with a molecular weight of 72 ku.The prepared polyclonal antibody titer was 1 600 dilution,the virus titer was 107 TCID50/mL,the neutralizing titer was 1∶2 884.The antibodies showed specific reaction with CPV.In conclusion,rVP2 specific polyclonal antibody showed wonderful immunocompetence,specificity and neutralizing activity,providing foundation for the development of genetic vaccine and clinical therapeutic method. 相似文献
84.
LI Hong-shuang QIU Dian-rui GUO Jian-jun GAO Yu-hong CUI Ya-li BAI Li-na 《中国畜牧兽医》2016,43(4):1105-1110
The present objective of the study was to investigate the effect of fans cooling on dairy cow in northern mountainous region of Hebei in summer.Two cowsheds with the same structure and feeding technics were used to investigate the effect of fans on indoor temperature and humidity, physiological parameters and milking performance of dairy cow.The results showed that the average ambient temperature in cowshed with fans was 1.5℃ lower than that of the control cowshed, and the average wind velocity was 0.49 m/s higher than that of the control cowshed, reaching to 0.66 m/s.Temperature-humidity index (THI) of cowshed with fans was significantly lower than that of the control shed during the period of fans running (P<0.05).Besides, the rectal temperature and respiration rate of dairy cows in cowshed with fans were significantly lower than of the control cowshed (P<0.05), and the milk yield per cow per day was 17.0% higher than that of the control cowshed (P<0.05), however, the milk fat, milk protein and milk sugar were no significant difference from the control (P>0.05).Overall, fans could decrease indoor environment, moderate heat stress and increase performance and health of dairy cows in northern mountainous region of Hebei. 相似文献
85.
不同施肥种类对“巨玫”葡萄品质的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以5年生"巨玫"葡萄为试材,采取有机肥(芝麻饼肥、发酵鸡粪)与化肥(硫酸钾、尿素、磷酸二胺)配施,分别以基肥和追肥的方式对"巨玫"葡萄进行施入,研究了不同有机肥种类与化肥配施及不同施肥方式对"巨玫"葡萄浆果品质的影响。结果表明:各有机肥与化肥配施处理中,以芝麻饼肥与化肥生长期追施处理"巨玫"葡萄浆果品质最佳,总糖含量18.39%、糖酸比44.65,在所有处理中最高,较常规施肥分别提高3.26%、6.54%,可溶性固形物含量19.02%、维生素C含量2.05mg/100g,较常规施肥分别提高3.76%、16.38%。 相似文献
86.
87.
为探究赤霉素和磷肥配合施用对胡麻叶片光合酶活性以及籽粒产量的影响,以‘轮选2号’为材料,采用田间二因素裂区试验设计,研究了不同磷肥用量水平(P0:0 kg·hm-2 P2O5,P1:67.5 kg·hm-2 P2O5,P2:135 kg·hm-2 P2O5)和赤霉素(Gibberellin acid, GA3)喷施浓度(G0:0 mg L-1,G1:15 mg·L-1,G2:30 mg·L-1)对胡麻光合同化酶活性、干物质积累量及籽粒产量的影响。结果表明:施磷和喷施赤霉素均显著提高了胡麻叶片RuBP(Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate)、PEP(Phospho... 相似文献
88.
以春玉米为供试作物,于2021—2022年在甘肃省定西市进行不同深度施肥田间试验,以双垄沟覆膜种植为基础,设置3个氮肥施用深度:5 cm(D5)、15 cm(D15)和25 cm(D25),以不施氮(N0)处理为对照,共4个处理,分析不同氮肥施用深度对农田土壤养分含量、干物质积累、水分利用及玉米产量的影响,为优化施肥模式和进一步提升其节水增产效能提供理论依据。结果表明,随施肥深度的增加,农田0~40 cm土层土壤养分含量逐渐增大,D25处理较D15和D5处理的土壤有机碳、全氮、速效磷和速效钾含量分别平均提高8.67%、2.23%、22.11%和15.18%;氮肥深施可提高生育后期养分供给能力,玉米干物质积累量显著提高,D25处理播后105 d~收获期干物质积累量分别较D15和D5提高6.53%和25.30%;2个试验年份农田耗水量和水分利用效率均随着施肥深度的增加逐渐增大,D25处理分别较D15和D5平均提高10.09%和10.08%;D25处理玉米生物产量和经济产量较D5处理分别平均提高27.20%和34.93%。在西北旱作区,氮肥25 cm深施模式能为玉米提供更好的养分供给,是提高... 相似文献
89.
Boyu LEI Zhenfei ZHENG Jifa CUI Jin ZHAO Chris NEWMAN Youbing ZHOU 《Integrative zoology》2023,18(4):647-660
Ecotourism, by definition, aims to engage peoples’ interest in wildlife and the environment. The use of tourist roads and trails to access sites within protected areas (PAs) can detrimentally affect the behavior and distribution of species. The way mammals respond to anthropogenic pressures may differ across taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic groups; nevertheless, how ecotourist trail-use affects these different diversity remains under-investigated. Here, we assessed 6 metrics of taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional diversity for a mammal community in a PA in central China, recording how Trail use (using Trail type as a proxy) and habitat variables affected sightings and signs of mammals across 60 replicate 0.5 km transects. We then examined how Trail use affected the taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity indices of species (>1 kg). Using generalized liner mixed modeling, we identified that more used trail types had a greater adverse effect on all diversity richness indices than did less used trail types. Consequently, tourist pressure was associated with a general tendency to homogenize the site's mammal community. In contrast, the effects of Trail Types on all diversity evenness indices were non-significant. Furthermore, more developed and more heavily used trail types had a greater, significant negative effect on taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic richness, whereas these richness indices were unaffected by minor trail types, used less intensively. As a general principle, lower biodiversity indices reduce ecosystem resilience, and so it is vital to better understand these responses to balance public access against biodiversity management in PAs. 相似文献
90.
为研究不同梯度氮、磷单独及混合添加对高寒草甸植物群落生物量、植物养分含量及化学计量比的影响,本实验分析了青海省门源县典型高寒草甸植物群落地上总生物量,功能群水平地上生物量,植物全氮、全磷含量及氮磷比对多梯度氮、磷添加的响应情况。结果表明:氮、磷添加均对群落地上生物量影响极显著(P<0.001);氮添加对禾草类和豆科生物量影响极显著(P<0.001);磷添加对禾草类和莎草类生物量影响极显著(P<0.001);氮磷交互作用对豆科和莎草类生物量影响显著(P<0.05)。群落水平上,氮添加显著提高了植物全氮含量,对植物氮磷比(N∶P)有正效应,磷添加显著提高了植物全磷含量,对植物N∶P有负效应,植物全磷对N∶P的负效应大于全氮对N∶P的正效应。本研究表明氮、磷添加可能会使高寒草甸植物群落组成和植物养分含量发生改变,植物群落逐渐向禾草类发展;此外,高寒草甸植物生长趋向于受氮磷共同限制。 相似文献