蚕粉复合物对小鼠若干生理指标的影响

以小鼠为试验动物 ,对以全蚕粉为主要成分的降血糖复合物 (SPC)的生理作用和药效进行了探讨。结果表明 ,该复合物可以显著降低小鼠的食后血糖 ,并能提高小鼠抗疲劳能力和耐力 ,对小鼠的生长发育、繁殖等无不良影响 ,未发现有任何毒副作用。     

Replication characteristics of swine influenza viruses in precision-cut lung slices reflect the virulence properties of the viruses

Precision-cut lung slices of pigs were infected with five swine influenza A viruses of different subtypes (A/sw/Potsdam/15/1981 H1N1, A/sw/Bad Griesbach/IDT5604/2006 H1N1, A/sw/Bakum/1832/2000 H1N2, A/sw/Damme/IDT5673/2006 H3N2, A/sw/Herford/IDT5932/2007 H3N2). The viruses were able to infect ciliated and mucus-producing cells. The infection of well-differentiated respiratory epithelial cells by swine influenza A viruses was analyzed with respect to the kinetics of virus release into the supernatant. The highest titres were determined for H3N2/2006 and H3N2/2007 viruses. H1N1/1981 and H1N2/2000 viruses replicated somewhat slower than the H3N2 viruses whereas a H1N1 strain from 2006 multiplied at significantly lower titres than the other strains. Regarding their ability to induce a ciliostatic effect, the two H3N2 strains were found to be most virulent. H1N1/1981 and H1N2/2000 were somewhat less virulent with respect to their effect on ciliary activity. The lowest ciliostatic effect was observed with H1N1/2006. In order to investigate whether this finding is associated with a corresponding virulence in the host, pigs were infected experimentally with H3N2/2006, H1N2/2000, H1N1/1981 and H1N1/2006 viruses. The H1N1/2006 virus was significantly less virulent than the other viruses in pigs which was in agreement with the results obtained by the in vitro-studies. These findings offer the possibility to develop an ex vivo-system that is able to assess virulence of swine influenza A viruses.     

圈养优良梅花鹿经济效益的分析

依据饲养成本、产品价格和有关生产技术参数 ,对优良梅花鹿的仔鹿保底价、自繁仔自留和自繁仔外销、外购仔外销、自繁茸外销和外购茸外销 5种生产类型优良梅花鹿的回本期及其创净利进行了统计与讨论 ,其结果可为指导养殖企业生产提供参考     

猪精子质量的流式细胞检测分析

本试验将流式细胞术应用于猪精子分析,同时检测精子功能的多个特性,以保证精子具备多种特性且功能完整,顺利完成授精过程。分别采用SYBR-14/PI（Propidium Iodide）、YO-PRO-1/PI、PNA/PI及Mito Tracker/YO-PRO-1 4种染色方法对荣昌猪精子的质膜完整性、细胞凋亡、顶体完整性及线粒体功能进行了检测和分析;以SYBR-14⁺/PI^-表示质膜完整的活精子,YO-PRO-1^-/PI^-表示活精子,PNA^-/PI^-表示未发生顶体反应的活精子,Mito Tracker⁺/YO-PRO-1^-表示线粒体活性高的活精子,以上述检测指标的综合结果判定精子功能的完整性。本试验通过流式细胞术对荣昌猪精子进行质量检测和分析,结果表明,该方法可为临床诊断种猪不孕症提供理论依据,对有效治疗不孕症有重要意义。     

马立克氏病病毒囊膜糖蛋白Ⅰ的原核表达及多克隆抗体的制备

提取感染MDV 814A3毒株的鸡胚成纤维细胞(CEF)总基因组,利用PCR技术扩增获得gI基因.将鉴定正确的gI基因克隆至pET-32a(+),构建原核表达载体pET-gI.将诱导表达获得的gI重组蛋白免疫新西兰大白兔,产生的抗血清能够与MDV814A3病毒发生特异性反应.本试验所制备的gI重组蛋白和多克隆抗体将在MDV检测、血清学诊断等方面具有重要应用价值.     

网状内皮组织增生病病毒特异性杂交瘤细胞培养液中单克隆抗体的效价动态

为获取网状内皮组织增生病病毒(REV)单克隆抗体的最高抗体滴度,在含10%胎牛血清的DMEM培养液中培养对REV特异性的杂交瘤细胞株11B154。每1 mL培养液中平均含0.65×106 个活细胞,于37 ℃在含7% CO2的培养箱中继续培养。在24、48、72和96 h后,每1 mL培养液中的平均总细胞数和活细胞数分别是:1.13×106和1.03×106 (活细胞占94.5%)、3.42×106和2.48×106(活细胞占72.5%)、2.6×106和0.98×106 (活细胞占37.7%)、2.47×106和0.53×106(活细胞占21.5%)。同时用细胞培养上清液对REV感染的鸡胚成纤维细胞作间接荧光抗体试验,在培养24、48、72和96 h后上清液中平均抗体效价分别是1:67、1:133、1:67及1:33。结果表明,培养48 h后,当细胞总数及活细胞总数最高但活细胞百分比开始下降时的培养液中抗体效价最高。该研究结果可作为用细胞培养方法大批量生产抗REV单抗的技术参数。     

火龙果皮与苜蓿、精料配比对饲料组合效应的研究

本试验旨在探讨火龙果皮与苜蓿、精料配比对饲料组合效应(AE)的影响。试验采用体外产气法测定在精粗比分别为40∶60和30∶70时,精料∶火龙果皮∶苜蓿分别为40∶60∶0、40∶45∶15、40∶30∶30、40∶15∶45、40∶0∶60和30∶70∶0、30∶55∶15、30∶40∶30、30∶25∶45、30∶10∶60、30∶0∶70时11种饲料组合及3种单独饲料(精料、火龙果皮、苜蓿)分别培养0、2、4、6、9、12、24、36、48 h的产气量(GP),培养结束后的上清液及残渣用以测定pH、总挥发性脂肪酸(TVFA)与氨态氮(NH3-N)含量、干物质降解率(DM D)和有机物降解率(OM D),并计算出各指标的单项组合效应指数(SFAEI)和综合组合效应指数(MFAEI)。结果表明:精粗比为40∶60时,40∶60∶0、40∶45∶15组24 h产气量(GP24 h)、DMD、OMD的SFAEI显著或极显著高于其他各组(P<0.05或P<0.01),40∶60∶0、40∶45∶15、40∶30∶30组TVFA和NH3-N的SFAEI显著或极显著高于其他各组(P<0.05或P<0.01),40∶60∶0、40∶45∶15组的MFAEI极显著高于其他各组(P<0.01)。精粗比为30∶70时,30∶70∶0组GP24 h的SFAEI极显著高于其他各组(P<0.01),30∶70∶0、30∶55∶15、30∶40∶30组DM D和TVFA的SFAEI极显著高于其他各组(P <0. 01),30∶70∶0、30∶55∶15组OM D和NH3-N的SFAEI极显著高于其他各组(P <0. 01),30∶70∶0、30∶55∶15、30∶40∶30组的M FAEI极显著高于其他各组(P<0.01)。由此可见,精粗比为40∶60时,精料∶火龙果皮∶苜蓿为40∶45∶15时的M FAEI最大;精粗比为30∶70时,精料∶火龙果皮∶苜蓿为30∶70∶0时的M FAEI最大。     

黑水虻的生物学特性及在家禽生产中的应用研究进展

随着人民生活水平的提高,饮食消费需求加大,畜禽养殖业得以迅速发展,随之而来的是国内饲料资源尤其是蛋白资源变得更加紧缺。在国外蛋白原料产量高、价格低的情况下,中国饲料业生产过度依赖进口,为了促进国内外饲料贸易的均衡发展,同时降低饲料成本,优化饲料生产结构,寻找和开发新型蛋白饲料资源是目前养殖业亟需解决的艰巨任务之一。昆虫是一种生产资源,其蛋白质含量丰富,可替代部分蛋白饲料资源,如今昆虫饲料资源化逐渐成为研究热点。黑水虻作为一种应用前景广阔的资源型昆虫,具有繁殖快、食性杂、抗逆性强等特点,富含蛋白质、脂肪,并含有抗菌肽、甲壳素、月桂酸等活性物质,常应用于养殖生产。黑水虻替代饲粮中的蛋白质原料能够提高家禽生产性能、改善产品品质和肠道健康、增强机体免疫功能,且有对家禽粪便进行资源化利用等作用。作者综述了黑水虻的生物学特性、营养特性及其对家禽生产应用的影响,以期为黑水虻的进一步资源化开发利用及其在家禽生产中的作用机理及标准化应用研究提供参考依据。     

Association of RBP‐4 gene polymorphisms with follicular cysts in large white sows

Follicular cysts, which is a common infertility disease, can cause financial losses in pig breeding programmes. The pathogenesis and mechanisms of the formation of follicular cysts are not understood clearly. In our previous study, the concentration of retinol‐binding protein 4 (RBP‐4) in the follicular fluid (FF) of the ovary with follicular cysts was found to be significantly higher than that of normal ovary, thereby suggesting that RBP‐4 may be a candidate biomarker for porcine follicular cysts. To study the association of RBP‐4 and follicular cysts further, we detected the polymorphisms of the RBP‐4 gene and the presence of follicular cysts by PCR‐Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) assay. In this study, we screened the mutations of RBP‐4 gene in 79 sows with follicular cysts and 100 normal sows without cysts. Results showed that +249‐63G>C polymorphisms were significantly associated with follicular cysts, and sows with CC genotype in RBP‐4 gene had a high risk of developing follicular cysts. Hence, our findings further proved that RBP‐4 may be a novel biomarker for follicular cysts, which may be valuable for the diagnosis of follicular cysts and molecular breeding of pigs.     

一例猪附红细胞体与弓形体混合感染的诊治

附红细胞体病是由立克次氏体引起的一种散在的热性、溶血性入畜共患传染病，病猪以急性黄疸性贫血和发热为特征。弓形体病是由刚地弓形虫在多种动物和入的有核细胞内寄生引起的一种入畜共患的原虫病。本文通过对某猪场发生猪附红细胞体与弓形体混合感染的诊治，从发病情况、临床症状、剖检变化、实验室诊断、治疗等方面对该病进行了阐述。