鹰爪虾形态性状和体重的通径分析及灰色关联分析

为探究鹰爪虾(Trachypenaeus curvirostirs)形态性状和体重的关系,本研究测定了体重(Y)及全长(X₁)、体长(X₂)、头胸甲长(X₃)、头胸甲宽(X₄)、头胸甲高(X₅)、第1腹节长(X₆)、第1腹节宽(X₇)、第1腹节高(X₈)、第6腹节长(X₉)、第6腹节宽(X₁₀)、第6腹节高(X₁₁)、尾节长(X₁₂)、尾扇长(X₁₃)13个形态性状,通过通径分析和灰色关联分析等方法研究了各性状之间的关系。结果显示,雌性鹰爪虾各生物学指标均大于雄性,雌、雄群体各性状之间均呈极显著正相关关系(P<0.01),体长(X₂)与体重的相关系数均最大(分别为0.972和0.969);通径分析和决定系数分析发现,雌、雄群体体长(X₂)对体重的直接影响和直接决定系数均最大(通径系数分别为0.443和0.519),雌、雄群体对体重间接作用最大的形态性状分别为第1腹节宽(X₇)(作用系数之和为0.750)和尾节长(X₁₂)(作用系数之和为0.887),雌性群体体长(X₂)和头胸甲高(X₅)的共同决定系数最大(0.167),雄性群体全长(X₁)和体长(X₂)的共同决定系数最大(0.248)。采用逐步回归法建立雌、雄群体形态性状与体重的多元回归方程分别为Y₁=–14.563+0.133X₂+0.374X₇+0.282X₅+0.225X₁₃(R₂=0.978)、Y₂=–7.947+0.092X₂+0.309X₄+0.203X₁₀+0.036X₁–0.087X₁₂(R₂=0.980)。雌性群体形态性状与体重的关联系数平均值在0.868~0.941之间,雄性群体的平均值在0.793~0.906之间,从同一形态性状来看,雌性群体与体重关联系数的平均值均大于雄性群体。雌、雄群体体长(X₂)与体重的关联度均为最高。通径分析结果和灰色关联分析结果并不完全相同,综合比较分析得出,在进行鹰爪虾选育时,雌、雄群体以体长(X₂)作为主要选择性状,雌性群体辅助选择头胸甲高(X₅)和第1腹节宽(X₇);雄性群体辅助选择头胸甲宽(X₄)和全长(X₁)。     

海洋江豚的研究概述

近年来随着国家政策的重视,人们环保意识的提高,针对珍稀濒危水生野生动物,尤其是鲸类动物的保护工作受到越来越多的关注。截至目前,国内相关研究单位针对鲸类动物开展了大量研究,但研究对象主要局限在中华白海豚(Sousa chinensis)和长江江豚(Neophocaena asiaeorientalis asiaeorientalis)。相比较而言,在我国分布范围更广的海洋江豚得到的研究和保护远远不够,亟需开展系统深入的研究工作。鉴于此,本文对江豚的记载、分类和海洋江豚的研究进行了回顾,重点总结了海洋江豚的生态学、生物学、遗传学、声学以及摄食和繁殖等方面的研究进展,对今后的研究和保护重点提出了建议,包括注重基础研究、强化保护区建设、注重保护技术研发和加强宣传教育,以期对未来的工作提供借鉴。     

凡纳滨对虾不同生长阶段肠道可培养细菌耐药性研究

在凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)养殖过程中多使用微生态制剂来调节水质,为避免破坏池塘菌群结构,很少使用抗生素.为了解凡纳滨对虾肠道细菌耐药性与不同生长阶段的关系,本研究选取江苏地区4种主要养殖模式凡纳滨对虾成虾和虾苗作为研究对象,利用K-B纸片法和qRT-PCR技术,研究对虾样本肠道可培养细菌对...     

密度和垄作方式对金铁锁产量和质量的影响

为确定金铁锁适宜的种植密度和垄作栽培方式,采用正交设计L16(43),研究沟宽(A)、垄宽(B)、密度(C)对金铁锁产量和质量的影响。结果表明,不同密度和垄作方式对金铁锁产量和质量的影响不同,3个因素对金铁锁根产量影响依次为C、A、B,对质量的影响依次为C、B、A。综合考虑产量和质量,金铁锁最佳垄作栽培方式为沟宽20～30 cm,垄宽60～80 cm,密度8 cm×10 cm或8 cm×15 cm。     

Genome-wide identification of WOX gene family in apple and a functional analysis of MdWOX4b during adventitious root formation

The plant-specific WUSCHEL-related homeobox(WOX) genes are crucial for plant growth and development.Here,we systematically identified the MdWOX gene family in apple at the genome-wide level,and analyzed the phylogenetic relationships,conserved motifs,gene structure,and syntenic relationships of the MdWOX genes.A total of 18 MdWOX genes were identified and phylogenetic analysis placed them into three clades.The phylogenetic relationships among the WOXs were further supported by the analyses of ge...     

Alteration of apoptotic susceptibility and bcl-2 gene in malignant transformation of human bronchial epithelial cells

AIM: To demonstrate the susceptibility of cell apoptosis varies during the progress of cell malignant transformation from human being in vitro. METHODS: A SV₄₀T-transfected human bronchial epithelial immortalized cell line (called M) was selected in this work, which has acquired some characteristics of malignant transformation at the later passage. The alterations of apoptosis and bcl-2, P53 genes between early and later passage of M cells were investigated by means of TDT labeling in situ, chromosome FISH, RNA and protein testing, etc. RESULTS: Incidence of apoptosis induced by cis-platin was significantly lower in later than in early passages of M. Levels of bcl-2 mRNA and protein in later passages were higher than early passages of M, and overexpression of bcl-2 was accumulated following the development of cellular malignancy. P53 protein level was as high in early as in later passages. CONCLUSION: Overexpression of bcl-2 decreases the cellular sensitivity to apoptotic inductors plays an important role during progress of carcinogenesis in human bronchial epithelial cancers. The inactivation of P53 protein in the SV₄₀-T transfected M cell line may be one of reasons of bcl-2 overexpression, but not associated with the accumulation of bcl-2 expressed level during cell transformation.     

Inducible nitric oxide synthase and arterial pressure regulation

AIM and METHODS:To clarify the role of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the regulation of blood pressure,in the present study, we examined the effect of aminoguanidine (AG), a selective inhibitor of iNOS on the hemodinamical response of Dahl salt-sensitive (DS) and Dahl salt-resistant (DR) rats to low (0.3%) or high (8%) sodium chloride (NaCl) infusion by chronical in vivo hemodynamic experiment, and the effect of NaCl or NaCl plus AG infusion on urinary nitrate (NO₃)/nitrite (NO₂), the end product of nitric oxide (NO), excretion by Greiss Reaction. Furthermore, NOS activity assay was also carried out to probe the effect of NaCl and AG on calcium-dependent or independent NOS activity in renal tissue. RESULTS:1. High or low NaCl-infused DR rats and low NaCl-infused DS rats have no hemodinamical response to AG, however, the hypertensive effect of high NaCl (8%) infusion on DS rats were greatly amplified by co-infusion of AG. 2. Administration of high NaCl significantly elevated the iNOS activity of renal tissue, and greatly increased urinary NO₃/NO₂ excretion. CONCLUSION:Inducible NOS is an important modulator of arterial pressure, especially in case of higher blood pressure.     

红花石蒜的组织培养

选用双鳞片法切割红花石蒜鳞茎为外植体,采用MS基本培养基,以两种植物生长调节剂NAA和6-BA不同浓度配伍,研究了不同消毒时间和不同激素浓度对小植株诱导和不定芽诱导的影响。结果表明:利用0.1%升汞溶液浸泡石蒜鳞茎10~15min消毒效果最好;MS+2mg/L 6-BA+0.2mg/L NAA是小植株诱导的最佳培养基;MS+NAA 2mg/L+6-BA2mg/L是不定芽诱导的最佳培养基;MS+2mg/L NAA对于小鳞茎的生根效果最好。     

民勤绿洲现代农业发展对策

民勤绿洲是以农业为主的经济实体,绿洲生态环境局部好转、总体恶化,可持续发展形势严峻,在绿洲内部进行现代农业生产,尤为重要和关键。本文分析了民勤绿洲农业发展的优劣势和现代农业发展中存在的问题,提出了民勤绿洲现代农业发展的具体对策,以期为当地可持续发展提供科学依据。     

35个粳稻品种SSR指纹图谱的构建及遗传相似性分析

用68对SSR引物扩增了35个粳稻品种(系)的基因组DNA,结果有46对引物在35个品种间具有稳定多态性.有6个品种可用单一特异的SSR标记加以识别,其余29个品种则需要不同的SSR指纹组合才能识别.用12对核心引物构建的SSR指纹图谱能将35个粳稻品种逐一区别开来.35个粳稻品种间遗传相似系数的变异范围为0.27～0.98.采用类平均法进行聚类分析,在相似系数0.82处,可将35个粳稻品种分为4类.聚类分析结果基本上反映了依据系谱分析的品种间亲缘关系.