饲粮能量和蛋白质水平对滩羊小肠中小肽和氨基酸转运载体mRNA表达量的影响

本试验旨在研究饲粮能量和蛋白质水平对滩羊小肠中小肽和氨基酸转运载体mRNA表达量的影响。选取112只健康、体重相近的滩羊,随机分成4组,每组4个重复,每个重复7只羊。标准水平的饲粮能量和蛋白质水平参考《肉羊饲养标准》(NY/T 816—2004),各组试验滩羊分别饲喂不同能量和蛋白质水平饲粮:0.84×标准水平(Ⅰ组)、0.96×标准水平(Ⅱ组)、1.08×标准水平(Ⅲ组)和1.20×标准水平(Ⅳ组)。试验根据羊体重分2个阶段:29~35 kg和36~40 kg。于每个阶段末,每个重复屠宰1只试验羊,取其小肠组织样,运用实时荧光定量PCR技术,研究小肽转运载体1(Pep T1)、y+型氨基酸转运载体1(CAT1)、兴奋性氨基酸转运载体3(EAAT3)mRNA表达量的变化。结果表明:1)在29~35 kg阶段末,小肠中Pep T1 mRNA的表达量随着饲粮能量和蛋白质水平的提高呈先下降再上升的趋势,Ⅱ组显著低于其他3组(P0.05);Ⅳ组小肠中CAT1 mRNA的表达量显著高于其他3组(P0.05);Ⅲ组小肠中EAAT3mRNA的表达量显著高于其他3组(P0.05)。2)在36~40 kg阶段末,Ⅱ组小肠中Pep T1mRNA的表达量显著高于其他3组(P0.05);Ⅱ组小肠中CAT1 mRNA的表达量显著高于Ⅲ组(P0.05);小肠中EAAT3 mRNA的表达量随着饲粮能量和蛋白质水平的提高呈上升趋势,Ⅲ组和Ⅳ组小肠中EAAT3 mRNA的表达量显著高于Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组(P0.05)。由此可见,饲粮能量和蛋白质水平会影响滩羊小肠中Pep T1、CAT1、EAAT3 mRNA的表达量,使机体对小肽和氨基酸的吸收利用率随之改变,以适应滩羊的生长发育。     

时标网络计划的应用研究

建设工程进度计划往往要求以简单明了的图表形式上墙告示,以方便施工技术人员及时核对和检查.时标网络计划是一种新型的建设工程进度计划管理方法.用时标网络计划表示建设工程进度,既直观明了又易懂科学.结合工程实例,阐述时标网络计划的特点、绘制方法,网络计划时间参数的计算,早时标网络计划和迟时标网络计划的区别,中期进度计划的检查和调整方法,旨在推广时标网络计划在我国建设工程进度控制中的应用.     

移动WAP技术在高校图书馆中的应用现状及分析

移动WAP技术是当前通讯行业的主流发展方向，在互联网技术的影响下也取得了较快发展且趋于成熟稳定。从高校图书馆的角度出发，分析移动WAP技术在图书馆中的作用和应用的现状，并提出一些改进建议。     

柑橘内生放线菌CR20发酵培养基的优化

从柑橘根部分离得到1株对多种植物病原菌具有拮抗活性的放线菌菌株CR20,经鉴定属于链霉菌(Streptomyces sp.)。为提高该菌株产生抗生素的能力,通过单次单因子试验和正交试验,对其发酵培养基进行优化筛选,获得最佳培养基配方:葡萄糖1.5%、淀粉1%、花生饼粉3%、(NH4)2SO41%、Na Cl 0.4%、CaCO30.2%、Fe SO4·7H2O 0.1%、KH2PO40.1%,优化后的发酵培养基对柑橘炭疽病菌的抑制率达到84.66%,比初始发酵培养基提高130.18%。为进一步明确菌株CR20的最佳发酵时间,采用优化后的培养基配方,利用5 L全自动发酵罐对其进行培养,获得最佳发酵时间为96 h。     

奉化市“十二五”期间年森林采伐限额的编制

根据编制原则及范围,采用2007年森林资源二类调查成果,利用国家林业局调查规划设计院开发的"森林合理年采伐量测算系统"和由浙江省森林资源监测中心开发的"浙江省十二五编限数据处理系统"组成的软件,测算出奉化市合理年采伐量为49413m3.为利于林业可持续发展,确定奉化市"十二五"期间年森林采伐限额建议指标为46980m3,其中主伐4440 m3,抚育采伐32970 m3,更新采伐5570 m3,其它采伐4000 m3.     

Atorvastatin inhibits IL-1β and IL-18 releases via lowering the expression of NLRP1 inflammasome

AIM: To explore the role of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 1 (NLRP1) inflammasome in atorvastatin-induced reduction of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-18 (IL-18) releases from the THP-1 macrophages. METHODS: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 10 μg/L) was used to trigger the secretion of IL-1β and IL-18 in the THP-1 macrophages. The cells were incubated with different concentrations of atorvastatin (1, 10 and 20 μmol/L) for 24 h, or treated with 10 μmol/L atorvastatin for different time (12 h, 24 h and 48 h). NLRP1 siRNA was transfected into the THP-1 cells. The mRNA expression of NLRP1 inflammasome was detected by RT-PCR. The protein expression of NLRP1 inflammasome was determined by Western blot. The secretion of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18 was quantified by ELISA. RESULTS: Atorvastatin inhibited the mRNA and protein expression of NLRP1 inflammasome in the THP-1 macrophages in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Transfection of NLRP1 siRNA significantly decreased the protein expression of NLRP1 and promoted the suppressive effect of atorvastatin on IL-1β and IL-18 secretion in the THP-1 macrophages. CONCLUSION: Atorvastatin inhibits the production of IL-1β and IL-18 in the macrophages through decreasing NLRP1 inflammasome expression, possibly contributing to the anti-inflammatory effect of atorvastatin on atherosclerosis.     

Comparison of 2 methods for establishing rat model of chronic osmotic diarrhea

AIM: To compare 2 different rat models of chronic osmotic diarrhea with the lactose enrichment and magnesium citrate methods. METHODS: The SD rats (n=31) were randomly divided into lactose enrichment diarrhea group (Lac group, 12 rats), magnesium citrate diarrhea group (Mg group, 12 rats) and normal control group (Con group, 7 rats). The rats in Lac group were fed with a lactose enrichment diet and freely drank water. The rats in Mg group were fed with a standard diet and drank magnesium citrate solution. The Con group was fed with a standard diet and normal water. The general conditions and the characteristics of stool were observed every day. The grip strength and motor activity of the rats were measured after diarrhea for 14 d. The trans-epithelial resistance of the colonic mucosa was detected by Ussing chamber. The pathological changes of villus height and villus surface area in the intestine were observed with hemato-xylin-eosin staining. RESULTS: The rats in both diarrhea groups displayed the clinical manifestations of slow increase in body weight, spare and dull hair, lacking in strength and physical inactivity. The grip strength and motor activity of the rats in both diarrhea groups decreased significantly compared with Con group. The diarrhea rate and diarrhea index of the rats in the 2 diarrhea groups were both significantly higher than those in Con group (P<0.05). Moreover, the diarrhea index in Lac group was significantly increased compared with Mg group. The thickness of intestinal mucosa in Lac group was thinner than that in Mg group at the same time. However, the damage of intestinal villi in Mg group was more serious than that in Lac group.CONCLUSION: Both methods of lactose enrichment-induced diarrhea and magnesium citrate-induced diarrhea meet the requirement of chronic osmotic diarrhea, but there are different advantages between the diarrhea models. Therefore, we should select the correct diarrhea model to meet different aims of the experiments.     

“紫科1号”红豆杉微枝繁殖技术研究

以"紫科1号"红豆杉的6种半木质化枝条为扦插繁殖材料,经3种处理液预处理,在8种基质上进行扦插繁殖试验。结果表明:3~12 cm长的枝条均可用作插穗,选用长5 cm左右的枝条进行微枝繁殖较为节约材料;用IBA∶NAA=3∶2,总溶质浓度为1 000 mg/L的处理液速蘸基部后,插于黄心土∶河沙=3∶2的基质中,其后每周用稀释1 000倍的处理液喷洒1次,生根率平均可达97.36%。     

四川大豆疫霉毒力鉴定及资源抗性分析

采用土壤诱捕和组织分离的方法,从四川省仁寿县和雅安市大豆根腐病发病田块采集的土壤中和病株上分离到4个大豆疫霉分离物RS1、RS2和YA1、YA2,用含有已知抗性基因的鉴别寄主进行毒力鉴定。结果表明YA1和YA2毒力公式相同,为1a,1b,1d,2,3c,属于同一致病型;RS1、RS2毒力公式分别为1a,1d,1k,3a,3c,4,5和1a,1b,1c,1d,1k,2,3c,5,分别为不同致病型。用3个致病型接种157份大豆资源,结果表明,抗病种质相对较少,占23.57%;地方品种抗病性较育成品种强,本研究可为大豆抗病性育种提供科学依据。     

白银市水稻品种比较试验

从外地引进优质水稻品种9个,进行品种比较试验,确定各品种的丰产性、抗逆性和适应性。试验结果表明,引进品种在当地种植均能够成熟,其中吉粳507表现最佳,产量为705.00 kg/667 m~2,较对照增产9.66%,与对照品种分别有1%和5%水平上的显著性,综合性状优良,分蘖率高,成穗率高,株高适宜,株型紧凑,经农业部稻米及制品质量监督检验测试中心品质化验分析,米质优良,适应当地推广种植。