Effects of pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide on cardiac remodeling in coronary atherosclerotic rabbits

AIM:To study the intervention effects of pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) on cardiac remodeling during the development of rabbit coronary atherosclerosis. METHODS:60 male New Zealand rabbits were equally divided into 3 groups randomly: control group (C group), atherosclerosis model group (A group) and PACAP intervention group (P group). At the 4th, 8th and 12th week, 5-6 cases of rabbits in each group were sacrificed, cardiac tissue with coronary arteries were harvested to make paraffin sections. The sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and van Gieson separately. The qualitative observation and/or quantitative analysis were made by light microscope. RESULTS:（1）There was no lesion in C group. For A group and P group, there were plaques in large epicardial coronary arteries and small coronary arteries; an impressive accumulation of collagen was also observed in myocardium. In P group, the lesions of small coronary arteries were less serious, and the degrees of perivascular and myocardial fibrosis also appeared to be less.（2）For A group, the wall-to-lumen ratios in small coronary arteries were significantly greater at the 12th week (2.58±1.54) than C group (1.34±0.58) and P group (1.39±0.48) （P<0.05）； and the width of cardiomyocyte (13.85 μm±2.27 μm) was already remarkably narrower than C group (14.68 μm±2.40 μm) at the 8th week (P<0.05) and narrower significantly than C group and P group at the 12th week. （3）There were not difference significantly between the above-related parameters of P group and C group (P>0.05). CONCLUSION:Structure changes exist in coronary arteries and myocardium during the development of rabbit coronary atherosclerosis, PACAP can inhibit the cardiac remodeling.     

农业高校科教扶贫工作的实施与思考

我校科教扶贫工作经过近十年的努力取得了令人瞩目的成绩，认为农业高校科技扶贫工作的主要措施应是：扶贫先扶志；重在教育扶贫、技术扶贫；注意科技扶贫，以农业技术推广带动当地人民脱贫；坚持互惠互利原则，把扶贫工作与学校的教学、科研紧密结合起来，推进产、学、研结合的进程。     

汽车起重机液压系统故障原因分析与排除

对汽车起重机液压系统故障、故障原因进行了分析.提出了故障排除方法和故障检查的一般经验,为减少液压系统故障.对使用和维修时应注意的问题进行了总结.     

哈大高速公路沥青混凝土面层施工质量控制

对哈大高速公路沥青混凝土路面面层施工质量控制，对包括标准、材料试验和混合料组成设计、施工技术等几个方面进行了阐述，并对其质量进行了分析和评价。     

河南省西瓜病害发生动态及综合防治策略

简述了河南省目前西瓜生产中土传病害、病毒病、生理性病害逐年加重、细菌性病害呈上升态势、气传病害略有下降等变化趋势,总结了在防治病害过程中存在的对农药的认识不足、对病害知识了解缺乏、长期使用同一种农药和病害综防意识差等问题,并提出了要加强种子、苗床消毒、培育壮苗、合理轮作、高畦栽培、增施石灰和覆盖地膜、采用嫁接技术等综合防治措施,以期达到提前预防、控制病害蔓延的目的。     

阿克曼菌对鲤糖代谢的调控作用研究

[目的]本试验旨在探究巴氏灭活的阿克曼菌（Pasteurized Akkermansia muciniphila，P-Akk）调控鲤（Cyprinus carpio L.）糖代谢的分子机制。[方法]本研究通过不同糖水平（20%、30%、40%、50%葡萄糖）试验，探究鲤（10.5±1 g）4周和8周时胰高血糖素样肽-1（glucagon-like peptide-1，GLP-1）分泌及阿克曼菌（Akkermansia muciniphila，Akk）定植的时空变化；在不同糖水平试验基础上，设置40%葡萄糖和三个不同浓度P-Akk（108 cfu/g P-Akk、109 cfu/g P-Akk、1010 cfu/g P-Akk）组，探究添加P-Akk 4周后对鲤（16.38±0.39 g）糖代谢及GLP-1的调控；通过P-Akk孵育鲤原代肝、肠细胞试验，共同探究不同糖水平下鲤肠道Akk、GLP-1对糖代谢的调控机制。[结果]结果显示：（1）随着饲料中葡萄糖含量的升高，鲤血清中GLP-1b含量显著降低（P < 0.05），4周时高糖组鲤肠道GLP-1a、GLP-1b以及肠道内容物中Akk丰度均显著降低（P < 0.05），但8周时无显著性差异（P > 0.05）。（2）P-Akk处理后，鲤血清中葡萄糖、GLP-1含量显著减少（P < 0.05）；中肠绒毛高度、肌层厚度显著增加，GLP-1含量减少，短链脂肪酸含量增加，muc2 mRNA表达水平升高（P < 0.05）；此外，P-Akk上调肝脏中ampk、pi3k、akt及糖酵解基因gk、pfk mRNA表达量，下调糖异生基因pepck mRNA表达量（P < 0.05）。（3）原代肝、肠细胞孵育结果显示，P-Akk处理肠细胞后GLP-1含量显著减少（P < 0.05），而gpr40的mRNA表达量升高；此外肝细胞中糖酵解基因gk、pfk mRNA表达量显著升高。[结论]综上，外源添加P-Akk可以缓解高糖饲料引起的血糖升高，维持葡萄糖稳态。[意义]该研究结果可为Akk作为益生菌在水产饲料中的应用提供理论基础。     

杂交玉米制种基地管理存在的问题和对策

本文阐述了全国杂交玉米制种集中区制种基地发展的现状，分析了基地管理中存在的问题，提出了加强制种基地管理的意见和建议，就是要制定产业保护政策，做好制种基地规划，加大政府投入，建设国家级标准化制种基地，提升种子管理服务能力，强化基地管理，严格市场准入，加强行业自律，建立制种风险政策性保险，开通种子运输“绿色通道”，促进种子产业又快又好发展。