绿茄新品种苏茄8号的选育及配套栽培技术

绿茄新品种苏茄8号是以自交系GE07为母本,自交系GE02为父本配制的一代杂种。该品种中早熟,植株生长势强,始花节位9~10节。果实长棒形,果顶部较圆,平均纵径35 cm,横径4.5 cm,单果质量250 g。商品果皮绿色,果面光滑,光泽度好,耐低温弱光,适于长江中下游地区作保护地栽培和露地栽培。     

杏叶片矿质营养研究进展

杏是我国最古老的栽培果树之一,杏花败育造成结实率低是当前杏生产中普遍存在的主要问题。矿质元素是果树生长结实不可缺少的重要营养物质,植物叶营养分析已成为了解植物体内营养状况,进行矿质营养研究的一种基本手段。研究杏叶片矿质营养对探索杏花败育原理、杏树营养育种等都具有理论和实用意义,也为合理施肥以改善杏果实品质提供依据。我们根据近几年来杏叶片营养分析技术的研究成果,总结了杏树叶片矿质营养的研究方法、影响因素、动态变化以及叶片矿质元素含量与产量、果实品质等的关系,结合我国杏生产中存在的问题,提出了今后杏矿质营养研究的方向。     

沙葱及其提取物对肉羊瘤胃发酵及微生物区系的影响

本试验旨在研究沙葱、沙葱水溶性提取物和脂溶性提取物对肉羊瘤胃发酵及微生物区系的影响。试验选用24只体况良好、体重为(37.1±0.5) kg的杜寒F1杂交羊,随机分为4组,每组6个重复,每个重复1只羊。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,沙葱组在基础饲粮中添加沙葱粉[10.0 g/(d·只)],脂溶组在基础饲粮中添加沙葱脂溶性提取物[2.8 g/(d·只)],水溶组在基础饲粮中添加沙葱水溶性提取物[3.4 g/(d·只)]。饲养试验共持续75 d,其中预试期15 d,正试期60 d;在正试期的第0、30和60天晨饲后2 h通过口腔采集瘤胃液测定瘤胃发酵参数和瘤胃微生物的含量。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,在60 d时,饲粮中添加沙葱及其提取物显著提高了瘤胃液pH(P<0.05),降低了瘤胃液氨态氮的浓度(P>0.05),但均未超过正常范围;饲粮中添加沙葱显著提高了瘤胃液菌体蛋白浓度(P<0.05)。2)与对照组相比,在60 d时,饲粮中添加沙葱和其脂溶性提取物显著提高了瘤胃液丙酸浓度(P<0.05),添加沙葱显著提高了瘤胃液丁酸浓度(P<0.05)并显著降低了异丁酸的浓度(P<0.05),乙酸、戊酸和异戊酸浓度各组间差异不显著(P>0.05)。3)与对照组相比,在30、60 d时,饲粮中添加沙葱及其提取物显著提高了产琥珀酸丝状杆菌和黄色瘤胃球菌含量(P<0.05),对溶纤维丁酸弧菌、甲烷菌、白色瘤胃球菌含量没有显著影响(P>0.05);在60 d时,饲粮中添加沙葱水溶性提取物显著提高瘤胃液真菌含量(P<0.05),饲粮中添加沙葱显著降低瘤胃液原虫含量(P<0.05)。综上,沙葱及其提取物改善了瘤胃发酵模式,显著影响了肉羊瘤胃微生物区系。     

菟丝子黄酮对BPA致小鼠睾丸间质细胞分泌雄性激素异常的保护作用

为研究菟丝子黄酮对双酚A(BPA)干扰小鼠睾丸间质细胞激素分泌的缓解作用,以TM3小鼠睾丸间质细胞为对象,采用1μg/mL～500μg/mL的菟丝子黄酮与TM3(小鼠睾丸间质细胞)细胞共同培养24 h,以MTT法检测细胞增殖,确定菟丝子黄酮对TM3细胞的安全剂量。然后采用1μmol/mL～200μmol/mL的双酚A干扰TM3细胞24 h,以MTT法检测细胞增殖,通过TM3细胞的相对存活率,确定BPA最适染毒剂量;最后先用菟丝子黄酮和TM3细胞共同培养4 h后,再用BPA干扰TM3细胞24 h。通过ELISA检测细胞上清液睾酮(T)和黄体生成素(LH)的含量,并分析菟丝子黄酮对BPA干扰小鼠睾丸间质细胞激素分泌的缓解作用。结果表明,250μg/mL～400μg/mL的菟丝子黄酮(等差法)对TM3细胞作用24 h后,有极显著的增殖效果(P<0.01);80μmol/mL的BPA对TM3细胞作用24 h后,细胞存活率为81%,可作为最适染毒剂量;菟丝子黄酮保护4 h后,再用BPA干扰12 h、24 h后,不同浓度的菟丝子黄酮可显著升高TM3细胞睾酮和黄体生成素的水平(P<0.05)。说明菟丝子黄酮对BPA致小鼠睾丸间质细胞睾酮和黄体生成素的分泌异常具有明显的保护作用。     

孕酮对绵羊输卵管上皮细胞β-防御素2表达的影响

研究孕酮(P4)对绵羊输卵管上皮细胞β-防御素2(SBD2)基因表达的影响,探讨P4调节SBD2表达的潜在机制。建立绵羊输卵管上皮细胞体外培养体系,用不同浓度(10^-6、10^-7、10^-8、10^-9、10^-10mol/L)P4分别处理绵羊输卵管上皮细胞0、2、6、12、24、48h,筛选P4诱导绵羊输卵管上皮细胞SBD2mRNA表达的最佳条件。然后使用10-6mol/L孕激素核受体拮抗剂RU486,50μmol/L蛋白激酶C(PKC)信号通路阻断剂H7预处理细胞1h,再使用P4诱导SBD2mRNA表达的最佳条件处理细胞,同时设只添加阻断剂(RU486和H7)处理组、只添加孕酮(P4)处理组和空白对照组,通过RT-qPCR技术检测SBD2mRNA的表达变化。10-9mol/LP4诱导绵羊输卵管上皮细胞6h和24h时SBD2mRNA表达显著高于对照组(P<0.01),且与P4组相比,添加RU486和H7后显著抑制了P4诱导的SBD2mRNA的表达水平(P<0.01)。P4以浓度和时间依赖性方式显著增加SBD2mRNA表达,并且诱导可能通过孕酮核受体(PR)介导的基因组途径以及PKC信号通路来提高绵羊输卵管上皮的先天免疫防御能力。     

德国鸢尾‘Yangzhou Elegant Bride’、‘Yangzhou Pink Memory’和‘Yangzhou April Fireworks’

 德国鸢尾新品种‘Yangzhou Elegant Bride’和‘Yangzhou April Fireworks’属中等株高品种,‘Yangzhou Pink Memory’为标准矮生品种,花期均为4月底,花色分别为紫罗兰色、粉色和黄色,浓香,耐寒,耐旱,耐瘠薄,冬季在江苏地区常绿,可在江苏以及北方地区露地越冬。     

紫叶矮樱叶片成色色素分析

以紫叶矮樱叶片为试材,通过薄层层析色谱分析法(TLC)、紫外-可见分光光度法(UV)对其色素种类进行初步推断。通过高效液相色谱法对叶片色素进行进一步验证,并对鉴定出的色素种类进行定量分析。结果表明:紫叶矮樱叶片内含有叶绿素(主要是叶绿素a)、类胡萝卜素,以及矢车菊素(Cyanidin)、天竺葵素、矢车菊素半乳糖苷(Cyanidin-galactoside)以及儿茶素、二氢杨梅酮等单体酚;定量分析发现紫叶矮樱叶片呈色的机制主要是叶绿素与矢车菊素半乳糖苷(Cyanidin-galactoside)和矢车菊素(Cyanidin)2种花青苷共同作用的结果,其相对含量在检测色素总含量中占2.85%,类胡萝卜素、对香豆酸、儿茶素等辅助色素对呈色也起到了一定的辅助作用。     

转色期摘叶对“赤霞珠”葡萄果实糖分卸载的影响

为了提高贺兰山东麓酿酒葡萄的品质,以"赤霞珠"葡萄为试材,研究了转色期摘叶(3、6、9片)对葡萄果实糖分卸载速率及其相关酶活性的影响。结果表明:在转色期,将结果枝基部的叶片摘去3~6片可提高3种转化酶和蔗糖合酶活性,促进果实中糖分卸载速率。摘除6片叶显著提高细胞壁转化酶和蔗糖合酶活性,果实中糖分卸载速率显著提高,同时显著提高了果实的品质。摘9片叶会降低果实中糖分卸载速率和相关酶活性,使果实品质下降。因此,在贺兰山东麓酿酒葡萄的转色期,摘除结果枝蔓基部3~6叶片可以促进果实中糖分的卸载,提高葡萄果实的品质。     

Histological Characteristics of Adult Yak Epididymis in Different Breeding Seasons

To compare the histological changes of the adult yak's epididymis in different breeding seasons,six adult yak testis in breeding season and nine adult yak testis in breeding interval were collected for structure investigation by HE staining,Masson's and Gomori's histochemistry methods,and IPP (Image-Pro Plus) statistics method was used to quantitative statistics.The results showed that comparing with the adult yak in the breeding interval,the epididymis ducts of adult yak in the breeding season were covered with the columnar ciliated epithelium.The collagen and reticular fiber in cauda epididymis were obviously more abundant than caput and corpus epididymitis.And the thickness of columnar epithelium cells in caput and corpus epididymitis,the length of the cilia in caput,and also the internal and external lumen diameter of caput and corpus epididymitis were all significantly increased in the breeding season (P<0.05),but the external lumen diameter of the cauda epididymis had no significant differences (P>0.05).In conclusion,the research showed that the distribution of collagen and reticular fiber in adult yak's epididymis interstitial were similar,and they were more rich in cauda epididymis,which might relate to the capacity and the sperm transport;The changes of the epithelial thickness,the length of cilia,the internal and external lumen diameter were close related to the different breeding seasons,and it might be a common phenomenon in plateau mammals that the enlargement and reduction of the epididymal duct in different breeding seasons.     

Tissue Expression Profile and Differential Expression of LTβR Gene in Sutai Piglets of Different Ages

Dynamic changes of LTβR expression levels in 11 tissues (heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, stomach, muscle, thymus, lymph node, duodenum and jejunum) of Sutai piglets ranging from newborn to post-weaning days 8, 18, 30, and 35 were compared and analyzed by the Real-time PCR method, which aimed to provide theoretical basis for further investigate the relationship between LTβR gene and pathogenicity of E.coli F18.The results revealed that the LTβR expression levels were higher in the liver, spleen, lung, kidney, stomach, lymph node, duodenum and jejunum, and showed obvious age-dependent expression differentiation.The LTβR expression levels in the lymph node, duodenum, and jejunum were extremely significant higher in 8 days old piglets than in the other age stages (P<0.01), and the expression levels were extremely significantly higher in the lungs of 8 days old piglets than in 35 days old piglets (P<0.01) and significantly higher than 30 days old piglets (P<0.05).In the liver tissue, the expression level was extremely significant higher in 35 days old piglets than in other age stages (P<0.01).In the stomach tissue, the expression level was significantly higher in 35 days old piglets than in 18 days old piglets (P<0.05).The results speculated that intestinal immune barrier of piglets formed rapidly around 8 days old and the higher LTβR expression could contribute to the resistance to E.coli F18.