Status of Biological Studies and Aquaculture Development of the Mud Crab, <Emphasis Type="Italic">Scylla serrata</Emphasis>, in China: An Experimental Ecological Studies

This is an initial paper in a series of overviews of biological research and aquaculture development of the mud crab, Scylla serrata, in China. Results of experimental ecological studies on mud crabs are reported here. As a result of these experimental studies, results that are important for mud crab culture were also discovered and these include, methods to condition and manage broodstock, determination of ecological conditions that are suitable for embryonic development, and the influence of temperature, salinity, diet and larval density on development and survival of larvae. Results of this work will be useful in establishing a good method for artificial mass culture of larvae.     

Naringin-loaded Poly(ε-caprolactone)/Gelatin Electrospun Mat as a Potential Wound Dressing: In vitro and In vivo Evaluation

In the present study, naringin, a flavonoid isolated from the grape and citrus fruit species, was incorporated with poly(ε-caprolactone)/gelatin composite mats in order to develop a potential wound dressing. The composite mats were prepared by electrospinning of poly(ε-caprolactone)/gelatin (1:1 (w/w)) solution incorporated with 1.50 %, 3 % and 6 % (w/w) of naringin. The electrospun mats were evaluated regarding their morphology, contact angle, water-uptake capacity, water vapor transmission rate, tensile properties, drug release, cellular response and in vivo wound healing activity. The study showed that after 2 weeks, the full-thickness excisional wounds of Wistar rats treated with the naringin-loaded dressings achieved a wound closure of higher than 94 % and the dressing containing 6 % (w/w) naringin had almost 100 % wound closure. The sterile gauze, as the control group, showed nearly 86 % of wound closure after this period of time. Our results provided evidence that supports the possible applicability of naringin-loaded wound dressing for successful wound treatment.     

日本落叶松根腐病化学防治药剂的筛选

采用菌饼法测定了40%五氯硝基苯等9种农药对日本落叶松根腐病主要病原丝核菌的室内毒力;选取抑菌效果达80%以上的6种农药进行盆栽防治试验,结果表明:五氯硝基苯、立枯净、移栽灵和土菌硝等对日本落叶松根腐病的防治效果较好。     

DCPTA与CCC复配对寒地春玉米茎秆抗倒伏特性及光合作用的影响

为了研究新型植物生长复配剂对寒地春玉米抗倒伏特性及光合作用的影响,试验选择3种化控剂进行试验,其中2种为已用于大田生产的化控剂,分别为玉黄金(YHJ)和吨田宝(DTB),第三种为实验室自行配置的以DCPTA（2-(3,4-二氯苯氧基)-乙基-二乙胺）和CCC（氯化氯代胆碱）为主要成分的复配剂(FPJ)。结果表明,复配剂(FPJ)和玉黄金(YHJ)处理后玉米株高及穗位高降低,基部节间长度降低,基部节间直径增加。吨田宝(DTB)处理则增加了株高、穗位高和节间长度。以抽雄后10天为例,经过复配剂(FPJ)处理后的1、3、5节间长度分别比对照降低12.62%、9.49%、6.51%,而节间直径比对照增加了13.70%、12.37%、12.69%。复配剂处理能增加玉米茎叶干物质积累,部分处理差异显著。经复配剂处理后的叶面积指数与对照差异不显著。经复配剂处理后叶绿素荧光参数Fo（初始荧光）及qN（非光化学淬灭系数）数值下降,Fv/Fm（可变荧光/最大荧光）及qP（光化学淬灭系数）数值增加,这说明复配剂喷施处理不但对降低株高,增加抗倒伏性状有作用,也促进了玉米叶片光合作用,为玉米最终获得高产奠定基础。     

用基于PCR的分子标记分析甘蓝型油菜抗感菌核病品系间的遗传距离

用离体叶接种法鉴定了甘蓝型油菜选系对菌核病的抗感性,结果表明绝大多数抗性品系与感病品种间的差异达到显著或极显著水平。以两种基于ＰＣＲ的标记估计所选１０ 份材料间的遗传距离。１９ 个随机引物扩增出了２６ 条重复性很好的ＲＡＰＤ 标记,１ 对依据植物Ｒ基因的ＮＢＳ区段设计的简并引物扩增出了３ 条多态性的带。依据２９ 个标记进行聚类分析,结果表明抗、感性材料在遗传距离为０．１２０６ 处被明显地区分开。５份抗性材料中,宁ＲＳ—１ 与中油８２１、中Ｒ８８８ 等其它抗性品系的遗传距离较远     

Effects of practical dietary protein to lipid levels on growth,digestive enzyme activities and body composition of juvenile rice field eel (Monopterus albus)

A 10-week feeding experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary protein to lipid ratios (P/L) on growth, intestinal digestive enzyme activities and body composition in juvenile rice field eel (Monopterus albus) (initial mean body weight of 65.76 ± 1.07 g, mean ± SEM). Nine test diets were formulated in a 3 × 3 factorial design to contain three protein levels (350, 400 and 450 g kg^?1) for each of three lipid levels (40, 80 and 120 g kg^?1), respectively. Each diet was randomly assigned to triplicate groups of 60 fish per net cage (1.5 × 2.0 × 1.5 m). Results showed the survival was above 96 % and was not affected by dietary treatments. Fish fed the diet with 450 g kg^?1 protein and 40 g kg^?1 lipid showed the best weight gain (WG) (103.95 %) and feed conversion ratio (1.60) (P < 0.05). WG, protein efficiency ratio and energy retention increased with the increasing in lipid at 350 g kg^?1 protein level (P < 0.05). However, WG showed a little decline with increasing dietary lipid when fish fed the diets with 400 and 450 g kg^?1 protein level, but no significant difference was observed (P < 0.05). Hepatosomatic index, visceralsomatic index and intestinal lipase activity increased with the increasing of dietary lipid level irrespective protein level. Intestinal trypsin activity increased with the increasing of dietary lipid level when fish fed the diets with 350 g kg^?1 protein, but showed converse trend when fish fed the diets with 400 and 450 g kg^?1 protein. Serum triglyceride, body lipid and energy were positively correlated with the dietary lipid. Results of the present study showed that the dietary protein/lipid ratio of 450/40 g kg^?1 is considered optimum for rice field eel under culture conditions, and the increase in dietary lipid level has no efficient protein-sparing effect when fish fed the diets with 400 and 450 g kg^?1 protein level.     

Validation of dual-crop coefficient method for calculation of rice evapotranspiration under drying–wetting cycle condition

Based on data collected from rice fields under drying–wetting cycle condition, the procedure of dual-crop coefficient (K _cd) approaches was calibrated and validated to reveal its feasibility and improve its performance in rice evapotranspiration (ET _c) estimation. It was found that K _cd based on FAO-recommended basal crop coefficients (K _cb) underestimated dual-crop coefficients in monsoon climate region in East China. The recommended coefficient (K _cp) value of 1.2 was not high enough to reflect the pulse increase of rice ET _c after soil wetting. The K _cb values were calibrated as 1.52 and 0.63 in midseason and late season, and the K _cp value was adjusted as 1.29 after soil wetting in rice field under drying–wetting cycle condition. The dual-crop coefficient curves based on locally calibrated K _cbCal and K _cpCor matched well with the measured crop coefficients and performed well in calculating rice evapotranspiration from paddy fields under drying–wetting cycle condition. So it can be concluded that the procedure of dual-crop coefficient method is feasible in rice ET _c estimation, and locally calibrated K _cb and K _cp can improve its performance remarkably.     

不同大豆类群种质叶柄角和分枝角的遗传解析

[目的]解析不同大豆类群种质叶柄角和分枝角的遗传规律,为大豆遗传位点的挖掘及大豆理想株型的培育提供理论支撑.[方法]以401份来源广泛、基因型丰富的大豆种质所组成的关联群体为材料,对大豆叶柄角和分枝角表型性状进行评价.[结果]叶柄角和分枝角均存在显著变异,多个部位叶柄角和分枝角的峰度和偏度的绝对值均小于1,呈近似正态分...     

配电主站边界数据可靠性测试分析

配电主站边界承担着承上启下的作用,是主站不同区域之间、主站与外部不同系统之间进行数据交互的分界点。所以如何保证边界数据的可靠性是配电主站安全运行的基础。1配电自动化系统主站国内现阶段配电自动化系统主站分为Ⅰ区配电网运行监控和Ⅲ区配电网运行状态管控两个大区,Ⅰ区配电网运行监控主要实现配电网的数据采集、操作与控制、拓扑分析、馈线自动化等功能。Ⅲ区配电网运行状态管控主要实现配电网趋势分析、配电终端管理、信息共享与发布等功能。Ⅰ区与Ⅲ区通过电力专用横向单向安全隔离装置隔离,共同组成配电自动化系统主站。配电自动化主站示意图如图1所示。