通过结构改良提高透水铺装的脱氮性能研究

本研究通过合成雨水模拟试验,设计了4个不同结构的透水铺装,测试了它们在不同污染物浓度及不同降雨强度下的雨水径流脱氮能力.结果表明:在低强度降雨条件下,各试验组的脱氮效果均较好,但在中等和高强度降雨条件下,与代表普通透水铺装的试验1相比,基层中添加了木屑层和饱和层的试验2具有良好的氨氮和硝酸盐去除性能;添加了沸石层的试验...     

基于灰色关联分析方法的区域土地利用变化研究

通过分析其土地利用现状特点、土地利用中存在的问题,采用灰色关联分析方法,找出区域土地利用变化的主要因素,并对土地资源可持续利用提出建议。     

48%盖灌能EC冬春两季防除加拿大一枝黄花试验

[目的]探索高效、节能的加拿大一枝黄花防除办法。[方法]设不同浓度的盖灌能EC、龙拳SG、农达AS、莎阔丹SL、使它隆EC与对照（CK）9个处理来验证防除效果。[结果]冬除药后7 d,除对照外各小区普遍表现叶片发黄、心叶萎蔫,其中48%盖灌能高、低量与20%使它隆处理中毒症状最明显,其次为46%莎阔丹处理。48%盖灌能同75%龙拳复配处理和41%农达处理中毒略轻,中毒最轻的为75%龙拳的两个处理;药后15 d,各用药处理中毒症状进一步加重;春除比冬天见效快。[结论]重发地区宜在春秋两季出苗高峰后连续两次用药,春除时采用48%盖灌能EC 3 L/hm^2或48%盖灌能EC 2 000 ml/hm^2＋75%龙拳SG 150 g/hm^2处理,冬除时除可选用春除配方外,还可使用41%农达AS 4 500 ml/hm^2。连续两次防治后,效果较理想。     

燃烧室结构对天然气发动机燃烧过程的影响

为了研究燃烧室结构对天然气发动机燃烧过程的影响,模拟了浅盆形和涡流室式燃烧室结构的天然气发动机的进气、压缩及燃烧过程。给出了2种不同结构燃烧室的燃烧持续期、燃烧过程中缸内气流运动、火焰前锋面位置等,并对2种燃烧室进行了试验对比。模拟计算及试验结果表明,通过涡流室喷孔的约束作用,可以改善已燃气体和未燃气体之间的传热传质模式,提高火焰传播速度。     

儿茶素的药理作用研究综述

目的研究表儿茶素(EC)对小鼠急性肺损伤(ALI)炎症反应的调节作用。方法采用吸入式气管滴注法在BALB/c小鼠中建立ALI模型,H8LE染色观察肺组织病理学变化,并结合基于超高效液相色谱与四极杆—飞行时间质谱联用技术(HILIC UHPLC-Q-TOF MS)的非靶向代谢组学方法对小鼠肺组织进行研究。结果对比空白对照组,LPS处理后的小鼠肺组织发生严重的炎症变化,而EC预处理组炎症现象比LPS组轻。经肺组织代谢轮廓分析发现：二十羟基花生四烯酸、色氨酸、苯丙氨酸、酪氨酸、ATP、磷酸胆碱、二十碳四烯酸、磷酸、烯醇和二磷酸葡萄糖等差异物与小鼠急性肺损伤内源性代谢密切相关,且涉及甘油酯代谢、糖酵解、甘油磷脂代谢、苯丙氨酸、酪氨酸和色氨酸生物合成、抗坏血酸代谢和胆碱代谢等6条代谢路径。结论运用代谢组学方法探讨了EC干预小鼠ALI的差异代谢物变化情况,为表儿茶素抗炎特性的研究提供了理论依据。     

Effects of astragaloside on the levels of sex hormone and oxidative stress injury in rats with polycystic ovary syndrome

AIM To investigate the effects of astragaloside on the levels of sex hormone and oxidative stress in rats with polycystic ovary syndrome （PCOS）. METHODS Female SD rats （n=60） were randomly divided into normal control group, model group, Diane-35 （0.339 2 mg/kg） group, low dose astragaloside （12.5 mg/kg） group and high dose astragaloside （50 mg/kg） group, with 12 rats in each group. The PCOS model was induced by letrozole （1 mg/kg）, which was administered by gavage once a day for 3 weeks. After administration, the estrus cycle of the rats was observed by vaginal smear, and the ovarian index was calculated. HE staining was used to observe the histopathological changes of the ovaries. Serum levels of the sex hormones testosterone （T）, estradiol （E₂）, luteinizing hormone （LH） and follicle-stimulating hormone （FSH） were measured by ELISA. The levels of superoxide dismutase （SOD）, malondialdehyde （MDA） and glutathione peroxidase （GSH-Px） in serum and ovarian tissue were detected by colorimetry, and the protein levels of steroidogenetic acute regulatory protein （StAR） and apoptosis-related proteins cleaved caspase-3, Bax and Bcl-2 in ovarian tissue were detected by Western blot. RESULT Compared with control group, the oestrous cycle of the rats in model group was disorder, and the ovarian index was increased, ovary was polycystic. The serum levels of T, LH and MDAwere significantly increased （P<0.05）, while the contents of E2, FSH and the activities of GSH-Px and SOD were significantly decreased （P<0.05）. The levels of MDA, StAR, cleaved caspase-3 and Bax proteins in ovarian tissue were significantly up-regulated （P<0.05）. GSH-Px and SOD activities and Bcl-2 protein levels were significantly down-regulated （P<0.05）. CONCLUSION Astragalosideeffectively balances the levels of sex hormone in PCOS rats and relieves the oxidative stress injury, the mechanism may be related to the inhibition of StAR expression.     

Anatid herpesvirus 1 CH virulent strain induces syncytium and apoptosis in duck embryo fibroblast cultures

Anatid herpesvirus 1 (AHV-1) CH virulent strain was first isolated from an infected duck and it was found that this virus strain could induce cytopathic effect (CPE) in duck embryo fibroblast (DEF). Following AHV-1 infection, DEF showed morphological changes such as cell rounding, improved refractivity and detachment from the culture surface. However, its pathological characteristics were not adequately known. Related studies were performed and the results showed that syncytium formation could be observed as the other type of CPE in AHV-1 infection. Hematoxylin-eosin staining and 4’, 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining of infected DEF were each used to visualize the shape and distribution of chromatin within nuclei and nuclear fragmentation was observed. Chromatin condensation and margination, as well as formation of apoptotic bodies were observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). DNA ladder formation was detected in AHV-1 infected cells and apoptosis of the infected DEF was also detected by flow cytometry analysis of Annexin V-FITC/PI staining method. Therefore, it was suggested that AHV-1 virulent strain can induce syncytium and apoptosis in DEF. Syncytium formation and apoptosis observed in this study may contribute to the elucidation of AHV-1 pathogenesis.     

陕西富硒与非富硒地区山羊组织硒含量和GPX-7基因表达的比较

为了探讨陕西紫阳县(富硒地区)山羊各组织中微量元素硒的含量和谷胱甘肽过氧化酶7(Glutathione Peroxidase 7,GPX-7)基因的表达情况,以及组织中的硒沉积量对GPX-7基因表达的影响。利用原子荧光光谱法对年龄相仿、体质量相近的紫阳县双安镇(n=7)和广成镇(n=7)和宝鸡市陈仓区白山羊体内硒含量进行了测定;同时运用实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)相对定量技术测定GPX-7基因mRNA的相对表达量。紫阳双安镇山羊硒含量显著高于紫阳广成镇(P0.05),同时紫阳县均显著高于宝鸡陈仓区(P0.05);但是紫阳双安镇与紫阳广成镇山羊肺脏中硒含量差异不显著(P0.05)。GPX-7基因在各组织器官中广泛表达,但是不同地区的山羊表现出不同的组织差异性。紫阳双安镇山羊心脏、脾脏、肾周脂肪和背最长肌组织中mRNA水平与紫阳广成镇差异不显著(P0.05),但是紫阳地区均显著高于宝鸡陈仓区(P0.05)。在肺脏、肾脏、股二头肌和淋巴组织中,来自不同地区的山羊GPX-7基因mRNA的表达量地差异均两两显著(P0.05),其中紫阳广成镇山羊肺脏的表达量显著高于其他两个地区(P0.05)。由此可见,山羊各组织器官中微量元素硒的沉积量和GPX-7基因mRNA的表达量表现出较为一致的地域趋势,即紫阳双安镇紫阳广成镇宝鸡陈仓区,这表明微量元素硒上调GPX-7基因的表达,但是具有组织差异性。     

桃树冬季管理技术要点

根据多年的生产实践,从冬季修剪、深翻改土、施肥、病虫害防治等4个方面,详细总结了桃树冬季管理的技术要点.     

评估师事务所内部利益现象的数学分析

围绕事务所内部较为典型的5种利益现象,建立了事务所和执业人员收益的数学模型,从建立的数学模型出发,对上述5种利益现象进行了经济学解释并提出了一些初步的对策及建议.