立地管理对第2代杉木4年生人工幼林生长影响的研究

为研究不同立地管理方式对多代经营杉木人工林生产力的影响 ,在 1代杉木采伐迹地上用 5种林地处理方式进行 2代杉木人工林营造 ,试验表明 :(1)BL3BM0 (收获树干和树皮、加倍采伐剩余物 )处理方式对 4年生 2代杉木林的生长最为有利 ,对降低土壤容重和提高土壤pH值的作用最大 ,是最佳的立地管理措施 ;(2 )BL1BM0 (清理树木的所有部分 )处理生长最慢 ;(3)BL0 BM0 (清除地上所有有机质 )处理的杉木在 1～ 2年生时生长为次好 ,但对土壤肥力的维持最为不利 ,3年生后杉木生长略为落后 ;(4)BL2 BM1(商业性收获加炼山 )处理的杉木生长比BL2 BM0 (商业性收获 )的略好 ,但未达到差异显著水平 ;(5 )采伐剩余物分解至质量残留 5 0 %的时间需要 2 0个月 ,估计分解至质量残留 5 %需要 90个月的时间     

滇中地区引种牡丹的生态分析

通过比较中原牡丹品种、甘肃紫斑牡丹品种和丽江牡丹品种在引种地的枝条实存率、成花率、休眠芽萌动情况等生长发育表现 ,结合滇中气候特点和各品系的生态习性及生长发育情况分析 ,确认在本地区具有的引种生态潜力。建议在滇中地区引种丽江紫、脂红等牡丹品种较适宜。     

喜树暗斑螟生物学特性及防治

喜树暗斑螟Euzophera sp．是国内危害喜树Camptotheca acuminma Decn．的新害虫，在江西安福1a发生4代，以蛹在寄主树皮缝和枯卷叶内越冬。越冬代翌年4月上旬开始羽化并产卵。各代幼虫发生期依次为：4月中旬至6月中旬、5月下旬至7月下旬、7月上旬至9月上旬、8月中旬至10月中旬。在幼虫始盛期用40％氧化乐果乳油与水1：1的混合液涂环1周(宽为直径的1／3)，对当代防治效果达90％以上。     

碱蓬和盐地碱蓬花粉形态研究及其在分类上的贡献

借助光学显微镜和扫描电镜研究了碱蓬属2种植物碱蓬和盐地碱蓬的花粉形态，并对不同生境条件下盐地碱蓬4变式的花粉形态进行了对比研究，研究结果表明：花粉粒外部形态成球形；大小在15.4-24.0μm之间；具有散萌发孔，萌发孔数量在46－55之间，萌发孔直径为3．1－5．4μm；花粉粒表面光滑，其上散布许多颗粒状小突起，萌发孔上亦有数目不等的小突起。以上数值在不同种间有较明显的差异，在盐地碱医宵同生态变式间亦有差异，但差异较小。这些细微的特性差异可为碱蓬属植物分类提供参考依据，是研究该属植物分类及生态的新资料。     

Inoculation of ectomycorrhizal fungi contributes to the survival of tree seedlings in a copper mine tailing

To advance our understanding of the effects of inoculation with ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF) on seedling colonization in mine wastelands, we conducted a field experiment in a copper tailing. Six-month-old seedlings of Japanese red pine (Pinus densiflora) and oak (Quercus variabilis) separately inoculated with three EMF species (Pisolithus sp., Cenococcum geophilum, Laccaria laccata) were transplanted to the copper tailing. The survival rates of tree seedlings were monitored monthly, and growth (biomass and height), contents of nutrients and heavy metals (K, P, Ca, Mg, Cu, Zn), and mycorrhizal infection rates of seedlings were determined 6 months after planting. Oak seedlings exhibited higher survival rates than pine seedlings after 6 months of growth on the tailing. EMF inoculations of pine seedlings significantly enhanced their survival, growth, and nutrient uptake. In contrast, EMF inoculations of oak seedlings improved growth only in terms of biomass. Additionally, EMF inoculation caused pine seedlings to accumulate more Cu and Zn in roots compared to non-inoculated seedlings, whereas inoculation inhibited the accumulation of heavy metals in shoots. However, similar results were not observed in oak seedlings. Observations of roots indicated that the rates of mycorrhizal infection of both tree species had dramatically declined at harvest time. In conclusion, ectomycorrhizal symbioses can improve the survival and performance of pine seedlings in mine tailings. The present study provided direct evidence of the importance of EMF inoculation of seedlings to the reforestation of mine wastelands.     

福建柏人工林养分积累与分配的研究

1997年对安溪半林国有林场福建柏人工林的养分积累进行了研究。在连续坡面上福建柏人工林叶的N、P、K含量随坡位升高而降低 ,Ca、Mg、Fe、Cu、Zn则相反 ;养分积累量随坡位升高而缓慢下降。在生长过程中叶的N、P含量随年龄增大而降低 ,Ca、Mg则相反 ,K含量相对稳定 ;10年生、2 0年生时林木叶的养分积累量占全树的比重最大 ,由大到小的顺序为叶、根、干、枝、皮 ,而 30年生时林木根的养分积累量占全树的比重最大 ,由大到小的顺序为根、干、叶、枝、皮 ;营养元素的积累总量随年龄的增大而增加。在不同生长阶段 ,养分的积累与分配有所不同     

杀螟·噻嗪酮乳油防治松褐天牛的研究

To control Monochamus alternatus and its amount of population is one of the effective ways on controlling Bursaphelechus xylophilus.The Japanese black pine which were badly harmed by M.alternatus were sprayed with the ditution from diluting fenitrothion · buprofezen 50%EC with water to 100 times, 200 times and 300 times. In this trial, the treatment is divided into two groups: one is of the different concentration but the same object (trees in the forest), the other is of the same concentration but different environmental condition (trees in the forest and felling trees indoor). Each treatment repeated five times. In the meantime, the check is not treated. After twice trial, the result indicated that the mortality rate of M. alternatus is 71.33%, 52.31% and 37.82% in the condition that trees in the forest were sprayed with the 100 times, 200 times and 300 times fenitrothion·buprofezen, and 69 69% in the condition that the felling trees indoor were spraded with 100 times fenitrothion·buprofezen, but the mortality rate of the check is only 8.92%. By this trial, it was also found that the dead adults of M.alternatus laid in the entrance of emergance hole, so enhancing the somatic character of fenitrothion · buprofezen can enhance the injury ratio of larva and pupae of M.alternatus.     

天然雌核发育普安鲫(A型)细胞遗传学和血清电泳的初步研究

本文对贵州省普安县青山一带天然水体中的普安鲫(A型)作了细胞遗传学观察和血清电泳分析,发现它是天然雌核发育的鲫鱼,既不同于普通野鲫,也与已知的天然雌核发育方正银鲫和滇池高背鲫不是同一来源。     

The study on the cytology and histochemistry of lymphoid organ spheroids in Penaeus chinensis

The lymphoid organ spheroids (LOS) were investigated by cytological and histochemical techniques in Penaeus chinensis. The results showed that the LOS only appeared in the individuals with relatively large lymphoid organ (long diameter>2 mm.). The LOS were mainly made up of two types of cells, one of which had a low cytoplasm to nuclear volumetric ratio, developed marginated chromatin and 1–2 nucleoli, while the other had large cytoplasm to nuclear volumetric ratio, homogeneous chromatin, and no or only one nucleolus. These two kinds of cells all contained mitochondria and rough endoplasmic reticulum. The necrotic cells could usually be observed. The LOS showed negative PAS reaction, weak positive phenoloxidase, and negative -naphthyl-acetate esterase (-NAE).