Effect of supplements during the cold season on the reproductive system in prepubertal Tibetan sheep ewes

We examined the development of the reproductive system in prepubertal Tibetan sheep ewes when fed only oat hay (CON) or supplemented with either lick blocks (BS) or concentrate feed (CS) during the cold season. The average daily gain of the CS ewes was greater than that of the BS ewes (P  < 0.05), which was greater than that of the CON ewes. The same pattern was observed in the number of ovarian follicles (P  < 0.001), that is, CS > BS > CON. Serum concentrations of gonadotropin‐releasing hormone, follicle‐stimulating hormone, luteotrophic hormone, estradiol and progesterone in the CS and BS groups were higher than in the CON group (P  < 0.05). The messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of KiSS‐1, GPR54 (G protein‐coupled receptor 54), ERα (estradiol receptor α) in the hypothalamic anteroventral periventricular area of the CS group were higher than in both the BS and CON groups (P  < 0.05), while the BS group was higher than in the CON group (P  < 0.05). Similar differences among groups were observed for gonadotropin‐releasing hormone receptor mRNA expression in the pituitary, follicle‐stimulating hormone receptor and luteinizing hormone receptor mRNA expression in the ovary. These results indicated that the KiSS1/GPR54 system was more active with nutrition or trace mineral supplementation during the cold season. The system stimulated the hypothalamic–pituitary?gonadal axis and enhanced folliclar development in prepubertal Tibetan sheep ewes. We concluded that energy, protein and trace minerals supplements could improve the reproductive performance of Tibetan sheep on the Qinghai‐Tibetan plateau.     

引起犊牛腹泻的病原及其检测方法

犊牛腹泻是牛养殖业中常见的一种世界性疾病,对牛养殖业危害较大。多种因素可导致犊牛腹泻,其中由细菌、病毒、寄生虫导致的腹泻具有较强传染性。犊牛传染性腹泻发病迅速,极易引起死亡,因此快速诊断对于及早确认病因,及时进行针对性治疗,降低死亡率至关重要。为全面了解及准确鉴定引起犊牛腹泻的病原,概述了引发犊牛腹泻的病原种类、病原特征、致病机理、引发症状及其检测方法,以期为临床防治犊牛传染性腹泻提供参考。     

用鳞片估计马来穿山甲个体数量

我国每年都能查扣到多起非法走私大量马来穿山甲鳞片进入境内的案件,由于不知如何根据鳞片来估计个体数量,而给森林公安机关立案、量刑与处罚带来极大不便。通过统计9头马来穿山甲鳞片的数目（Sm）、鲜重（Sfw）、干重（Sdw）,分别获得了以Sm、Sfw、Sdw为参数来估计马来穿山甲个体数量（N）的3个方程,它们是①Sm/929.8≤N≤Sm/681.8;②Sfw/835.4≤N≤Sfw/389.8;③Sdw/774.3≤N≤Sdw/367.9。执法部门在办理此类走私案件中能通过这些方程方便快捷地估算出走私物品的个体数量,能为同类案件的立案、量刑和处罚提供依据。     

覆盖液态地膜对烟田土壤温度及烤烟生长的影响

在湖南省浏阳烤烟栽培中,进行了液态地膜覆盖栽培技术试验应用,结果表明,新型土壤结构调理剂—液态地膜在地面所形成的黑色胶结膜,在地膜覆盖期能有效地起到增温保温作用,0￣20cm耕层土壤温度较露地栽培提高0.7,且对烤烟的生长有一定的促进作用。     

省级农业科研院所创新能力评价指标体系构建

文章探讨了省级农业科研院所创新能力评价指标的选取原则,从科研创新基础能力、科研创新投入能力、科研创新产出能力、科研成果转移转化能力4个方面构建了评价指标体系,并提出评价计算方法,为省级农业科研院所科学评价科研创新能力提供参考。     

植物油替代二甲苯对甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐在“上海青”中的残留影响

本文测定了3种植物油（精制松树油、棕榈油及精制松树油和棕榈油混合油）和二甲苯分别配制的甲胺基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐乳油在上海青上的残留差异。结果表明：药后1d、3d,以3种植物油配制的甲维盐乳油在上海青中的残留量均比用二甲苯配制的甲维盐乳油的残留量高,其中棕榈油作为溶剂的甲维盐的残留量最高; 药后7d,三种植物油柄制的甲维盐乳油在上海青中均未能检测到残留,而二甲苯配制的甲维盐在上海青中仍有少量的残留,说明利用植物油替代二甲苯配制甲维盐乳油能在药后7天有效降低甲维盐在蔬菜中的残留量。     

Characteristics and dynamics of sandy natural forests in sandy forest-steppe ecotone in the northern area of China

l "trod notionViolent human disturbance results in global landscape and vegetation fragmentation, including thepolar landscape and alpine vegetation (Cox, 1993).In modern world, environment and development aretWo important problems, which have a direct effecton the destiny of human and the earth. Forestry,which undertakes double missions that are to optimize the environment and promote the development,is the crux to realize the unity of environment anddevelopment (Liu 1985).China is a develop…     

六盘山森林生物量与生态水文作用的研究

六盘山木本植物有37科、67属、600余种,组成温带落叶阔叶林、小片针叶纯林和针阔混交林。森林及灌木、草本的叶、枝、杆、根、枯枝落叶层对天然降水在不同程度上起着缓减、吸收、截留等生态水文作用。六盘山林区分布的几种根生群落,生物量的差异显著,其中在海拔低、土壤水热条件好、空气湿度大的地方生物量较高。在六盘山林区不同的植物群落类型下吸水量的差异也十分明显,最大为华山松,其他依次为辽东栎、白桦林、灌木、草本。六盘山林区自然条件恶劣,森林所产生的间接效益往往超过其本身的价值,保持水土、涵养水源的效益很显著。     

浅析国家自然科学基金申报立项经验和对策建议——以2010～2017年中国农业科学院植物保护研究所获资助项目情况为例

国家自然科学基金作为我国支持基础研究的主渠道之一,为我国实施创新驱动发展战略发挥了重要作用。文章通过对2010~2017年中国农业科学院植物保护研究所国家自然科学基金资助项目的统计分析,简要展示了科学基金对该所科技创新实力提升的关键推动作用,并针对存在的问题提出了下一步工作的思考。     

中华被毛孢作为饲料添加剂在南美白对虾养殖中的应用

本文观察中华被毛孢(Hirsutella sinensis)作为饲料添加剂对南美白对虾(Penaeus vannamei)的养殖效果.在南美白对虾饵料中添加5％中华被毛孢干燥菌体,经过30 d养殖,对虾的存活率、日增重率和日增长率分别提高了52％、30％和25％,饲料系数则降低了66％.同时,试验组对虾血清中溶菌酶和酚...