亚精胺对提高玉米幼苗抗旱机理的研究

以掖单４号玉米幼苗为材料，用０．５Ｍｐａ的ＰＥＧ—６００进行人工模拟水分胁迫，同时叶面喷施１ｍＭ亚精胺（ｓｐｄ），研究了在水分胁迫条件下亚精胺对玉米幼苗中保护酶系、光合强度以及气孔阻力的影响。结果表明，亚精胺处理大大提高玉米幼苗中ＳＯＤ、ＰＯＤ的活性以及光合强度，适当减小气孔阻力，故亚精胺可以提高玉米幼苗的抗旱性。     

长春种植冬小麦的越冬率和产量构成因素的分析

１９９３,１９９５,１９９６三年在长春种植６个冬小麦品种,观察和分析了冬小麦的基本苗数、茎数和穗数的表现,并对越冬率和产量构成因素进行了相关分析,结果表明,越冬率和穗数、穗数与产量均呈极显著的正相关,其它性状间相关未达到显著水平。通径分析结果表明,对产量的直接影响力穗数最大,越冬率最小。越冬率经穗数对产量的间接影响力为最大。     

ArcGIS Server支持下农产品质量安全追溯模型的实现

近年来农产品质量安全事件频繁发生,利用农产品质量安全追溯信息进行质量安全应急管理已成为处理农产品质量安全事件的重要手段,但是这些信息仅能以文本表格的形式表现出来,在地图服务端存在一定的限制。模型借助于ArcGISServer,把传统的质量安全追溯与GIS功能相结合,实现追溯信息在地理空间中的形象化展示,并可对地图服务任意进行配置。该模型不仅能够图形化地模拟出农产品在不同主体之间的流通路径,而且能在发生农产品质量安全事件时快速定位到责任主体。     

Numerical Analysis of Acoustic Environment with Finite Element Method

The acoustic environment of highway tunnel is complex and has influences on the driving safety and comfort. In case of emergency, evacuation information is difficult to transfer. Finite element method is used for calculating highway tunnel acoustic modal and attenuation characteristics. The results show that acoustic mode of highway tunnel has symmetry in the horizontal pressure amplitude of symmetry regional is equal and phase is the same or opposite. The higher modal frequency, the greater sound pressure amplitude is, and the effect of tunnel length on modal frequency is smaller. Decay curves of pressure level at each point in the highway tunnel over time are nonlinear. After the source excitation, in 1.5 s, attenuation rate is faster than that of few seconds later and the attenuation time of sound pressure level 30 dB is 5.5 to 7 s.     

外源共生基因对紫云英根瘤菌共生效率的影响

 将豌豆根瘤菌共生质粒pJB5JI、含紫云英根瘤菌共生基因的重组质粒pRaZ15及含苜蓿根瘤菌共生基因的重组质粒pRmSL26导入紫云英根瘤菌野生型菌株7653R，然后对3种转移接合子的共生固氮效率进行了比较全面的测定。结果表明：转移接合子7653R（pJB5JI）的共生固氮能力较出发菌株7653R大幅度提高，而且表现出较高的竞争结瘤能力，转移接合子7653R（pRmSL26）在固氮酶活性、植物干重及结瘤数方面亦显著高于对照菌株7653R；转移接合子7653R（pRaZ15）虽然在固氮酶活性及植物干重方面没有发现显著性差异，但结瘤数显著减少。     

Soil properties and their spatial pattern in an oasis on the lower reaches of the Tarim River, northwest China

In this study, classical, geostatistical methods and a geographical information system have been used to identify soil properties including soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (total N), salt content (SC) and soil moisture (SM), and their spatial variation as well as their relationships with groundwater, land use, and soil texture. The data came from 36 soil samples from 0 to 20 cm depth, and 36 groundwater samples in the Tikanlik Oasis on the lower reaches of the Tarim River, northwest China. The objective was to provide a scientific basis for understanding the heterogeneity of the spatial distribution of soil properties on a large scale with the goal of accelerating the sustainable development of agriculture in the oasis. The results showed that the SC and SM of the surface soil varied greatly, but the SOC and total N varied very little. A possible reason for the low variability of SOC and total N was the relatively consistent human activities within the typical agricultural oasis with more than 75% land used as cropland and orchards, because there was no significant effect of land use types on soil total N and SOC. Geostatistical analysis and the kriging estimator showed that SC and SM had a strong spatial autocorrelation. One-way ANOVA and LSD suggested that land use was the main structural indicator that resulted in the spatial autocorrelation of SC and SM within the 0-20 cm soil depth through its significant differences in soil texture, irrigation and groundwater. In particular, croplands and orchards had significantly higher SM, silt and clay particle percentages and lower SC compared to other land uses due to regular irrigation. Additionally, irrigation could effectively relieve the degree of the hazard from soil salt and soil water stress in cropland.     

黄河三角洲盐碱地人工林土壤肥力质量的综合评价

以黄河三角洲滨海盐碱地柽柳、杜梨、盐柳、白蜡人工林为研究对象,未造林荒地为对照,对不同人工林的土壤养分、土壤酶活性进行测定,利用隶属函数分析法对不同人工林的土壤肥力进行综合评价。结果表明:与对照荒地相比,各人工林平均土壤有机质、铵态氮、硝态氮、有效磷、速效钾质量分数,分别提高了177.89%、76.47%、757.74%、32.76%、30.13%;土壤中磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶、脲酶、蔗糖酶活性,比对照荒地分别提高了47.09%,11.52%,41.07%,76.00%;土壤肥力综合评价分值,从大到小依次为白蜡(0.777)、杜梨(0.694)、柽柳(0.572)、盐柳(0.436)、荒地(0.030)。     

横断山北部土壤钾素的区域分布特征

横断山北部是我国地理环境独特和生物多样性最丰富的地区之一，其生态恢复与重建对整个长江流域的水土流失治理及生态安全具有重要的现实意义，故一直受到国内外学术界的高度关注。但由于近40年来人类活动和气候环境的变化，其林木蓄积量大幅度减少，水土流失日趋严重，生态环境破碎化，部分野生动植物资源已濒临灭绝，已有研究表明属生态脆弱区。尽管该区实施退耕还林工程和天然林保护工程已四年，但因该区域有关生态环境（包括土壤钾素养分等）的基础研究资料较少，生态重建进度仍很缓慢。