Sucrose metabolism in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) fibre under low temperature during fibre development

The effects of low temperature on sucrose content and activities of key enzymes related to sucrose metabolism in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) fibre were investigated. Two cotton cultivars, Kemian 1 and Sumian 15, were grown in the field at two sowing dates in 2006 and three sowing dates in 2007, the differences of environmental conditions during fibre development period (from flowering date to boll opening date) for different sowing dates were primarily on temperature. Low temperatures (MDTmin of 21.1, 20.5 and 18.1 °C) in late sowing dates (25 May/10 June) prolonged the fibre development period, and had significant effect on cellulose synthesis and sucrose metabolism. Results showed that, under low temperature, sucrose content was increased, cellulose content and sucrose transformation rate were decreased, and the variability of cellulose content and sucrose transformation rate through sowing dates in Sumian 15 was more than that in Kemian 1. The measurable activities of sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS), sucrose synthase (SuSy) and acid/alkaline invertases in sucrose metabolism were affected by low temperatures. Under low temperatures, activities of SuSy and invertase in sucrose degradation were increased, and two cultivars had the similar change. In contrast, the activity of SPS in sucrose synthesis was lower than the activity in developing fibre at normal environmental condition, and the time to peak activity was delayed, SPS activity in response to temperatures differed between two cultivars. The results indicated that restrained cellulose synthesis and sucrose metabolism under low temperature were mainly attributed to the changed activities of enzymes (SPS, SuSy and invertase), and the difference of cellulose synthesis and sucrose metabolism in response to temperature in fibre cells for two cotton cultivars was mainly determined by the level of SPS activity.     

The Effect of Additions in the Fermented Solution on Bubble Coalescence

This paper presents a detail study of bubble coalescence in inorganic salts and organic compounds of fermented solution ,and preliminary analyses the principle of bubble coalescence.The experiments show that the relationship between the solute concentration and coalescence frequency reveals the existence of sharp transition concentration.     

不同类型小麦品种(系)农艺性状、生理指标与产量关系的多元统计分析

本文对不同类型小麦品种（系）的11个与产量密切相关的农艺性状,生理指标进行了主成分分析。11个原始指标综合成为三个独立的新指标,分别表示“光合同化因子”、“库与碳氮代谢因子”、“库与氮素营养因子”。主成分值与产量相关分析表明,小麦产量与第一、第二主成分值有极显著正相关关系。通过回归分析,建立了小麦产量与主成分值之间的回归方程。它能较好地反映不同类型品种的产量水平。     

云南不同气候带农业气候资源变化特征研究

为分析全省平均以及各气候带光能、热量、水分资源的时空变化特征,使用云南115站及6个气候带代表站1961—2018年的气候要素计算各地农业气候资源统计量。结果表明,光能资源变化以减少趋势为主,出现显著突变,各气候带太阳辐射变化可能会引起云南太阳辐射高低值中心发生变化,2009年以来辐射明显增加可能会导致太阳辐射出现新的变化趋势和突变点;热量资源一致显著增加,喜凉及喜温作物的活动积温、积温持续时间及无霜期长度均显著增加,并且呈现初日提前、终日推后的趋势,对作物生长有利;水分资源总体呈现减少趋势,尤其21世纪以来下降趋势明显,亚热带地区暖干化现象突出,干旱风险等级较高。     

吕梁山地区植被物候变化及对气候的响应

吕梁山地区地形垂直差异明显,植被对气候变化反应敏感,研究吕梁山地区植被物候变化,探索植被物候变化与气候的响应关系,旨在为高海拔山区植被物候研究和生态治理提供借鉴.基于2000-2015年MODIS NDVI时间序列数据,通过动态阈值法提取吕梁山地区的植被物候,对气温、降水进行空间插值,并对植被2个关键物候期与气候因素进...     

青冈栎林分空间结构对林下更新的影响

林分空间结构会显著影响其林下幼树更新.为明确其影响林下幼树更新的关键因子,以湖南省青羊湖国有林场青冈栎林天然次生林为研究对象,测量幼树株数密度、树高、地径和冠幅,计算混交度、大小比数、开敞度指数以及聚集指数代表林分空间结构,评价林下幼树更新情况,并用灰色关联度分析方法探究两者间的相关关系.结果 表明,青羊湖国有林场13...     

四川茂县花椒根腐病病原菌的分离与鉴定

旨在明确引起阿坝藏族羌族自治州茂县花椒根腐病的病原菌种类,为科学有效防治该病提供理论参考.以采自茂县的花椒根腐病病根为材料,通过组织分离法、致病性测定、形态学观察与基于核糖体转录间隔区序列(ITS)和延长因子基因(tef1)的分子鉴定相结合进行病原菌的分离鉴定.结果 表明,病原菌菌丝初为灰白色,后为兰褐色或紫红色.大型...     

六蕊假稻病原菌稻平脐蠕孢菌生物学特性研究

对分离自六蕊假稻的6株稻平脐蠕孢菌(Bipolaris oryzae)的培养特性和生物学特性进行研究,以便了解该菌的生长特点,为病害研究提供依据。结果表明：稻平脐蠕孢菌菌丝体对环境的要求不高,在20~35℃、pH 5~10、光照或黑暗条件下都能生长,但在25~30℃、pH 7~8、持续光照条件下,菌丝体生长速度更快。菌丝体在测试的5种糖源培养基上都能生长,但葡萄糖和麦芽糖更有利于菌丝生长。除尿素外,在硝态氮、铵态氮和铵硝态混合氮源培养基上均能正常生长,但硝态氮为氮源时菌丝体生长较快。

     

镉胁迫对矮生四季豆种子萌发和幼苗生长发育的影响

以水培法研究了不同浓度的Cd2＋溶液对四季豆种子萌发和幼苗生长发育的影响。结果表明：当Cd2＋浓度较低时,Cd2＋对种子萌发及幼苗生长发育毒害作用较小,一定浓度范围内（0.05～0.5mg/L）还有促生作用,高浓度Cd2＋(5～100mg/L)能严重抑制四季豆幼苗根及下胚轴的生长;Cd2＋胁迫对四季豆幼苗体内过氧化物酶 (POD),超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）,过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性存在低浓度激活和高浓度抑制的效应,且同一浓度的Cd2＋对四季豆幼苗POD、CAT活性的抑制作用表现为根系大于下胚轴,Cd2＋浓度＞0.5mg/L时,根系SOD活性大于下胚轴中的活性;Cd2＋胁迫下,四季豆下胚轴和根的丙二醛（MDA）含量增加,且根部含量大于下胚轴的量。