汽爆玉米秸秆同步糖化发酵产乙醇的工艺优化

该文对同步糖化发酵玉米秸秆生产纤维乙醇的工艺条件进行了研究,分别利用单因素试验和正交试验考察了影响发酵的工艺条件。结果显示：温度37℃、pH值4.8、底物15%（质量分数）、表面活性剂Tween-20 0.15%（质量分数）、纤维素酶用量30 U/g、酵母用2%的葡萄糖溶液活化,接种量5‰（相对底物干质量）、培养基的组成：KH2PO4 2.5 g/L,(NH4)2SO4 2.0 g/L,MgSO4·7H2O 0.15 g/L,CaCl2 0.35 g/L、发酵时间60 h为同步糖化发酵（SSF）生产乙醇的最优工艺条件,该条件下乙醇的体积分数为2.85%,乙醇得率达理论值的88.12%。     

北川白山羊基因组与表型性状相关的多态性RAPD标记

北川白山羊是在特定生态条件下未经系统繁育而形成的优良地方山羊品种,在生长发育、繁殖和抗逆等性状方面具有突出优势。通过对122只北川白山羊个体基因组的扩增,结果从80条RAPD引物中选出12条多态引物,北川白山羊群体平均遗传相似率和遗传多样性指数分别为0.859 8±0.077 6和0.919 8,表明北川白山羊品种具有一定的遗传分化和较丰富的遗传多样性。在12条多态性引物中,SBS06同时对体质量（P=0.028）、体高（P=0.017）和体长（P=0.037）具有显著影响,SBS02对体质量（P=0.033）和体高（P=0.034）具有显著效应,所以推断影响体质量和体高性状的QTL基因座可能与RAPD标记SBS06和SBS02相连锁,可以应用于北川白山羊体质量和体高性状的标记辅助选择以及相应主效基因的进一步研究。     

基于GIS的接坝山地太阳直接辐射空间分布规律研究

基于ViewGIS下的太阳直接辐射模拟计算功能,以河北省丰宁满族自治县小坝子乡为例,对该地区太阳直接辐射空间分布规律进行了研究,以期为当地的区域规划和生态环境建设提供基础资料和科学依据。通过DEM模拟计算太阳直接辐射的方法和原理,结合ViewGIS系统建立的数据库进行统计分析。结果表明,地貌对太阳直接辐射分布的影响比较明显,太阳直接辐射随海拔高度升高而增大;太阳直接辐射随坡度的增加逐渐递减;一年中各月份太阳直接辐射随坡向的变化规律为：阳坡〉半阳坡〉半阴坡〉阴坡。     

Interleukin-1β inhibits AKT to down-regulate eNOS Ser1177 phosphorylation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells

AIM To investigate whether interleukin-1β （IL-1β） regulates endothelial nitric oxide synthase （eNOS） phosphorylation at Ser1177 site in human umbilical vein endothelial cells （HUVECs）, and to explore its possible mechanism. METHODS The HUVECs were randomly divided into normal control group, tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） group, IL-1β group, IL-6 group, SC79 ［protein kinase B （PKB/AKT） specific agonist］ group and SC79+IL-1β group. Western blot was used to determine the protein levels of eNOS, p-eNOS-Ser1177, AKT and p-AKT-Ser473 in the HUVECs. Chemical colorimetry was used to detect the nitric oxide （NO） content in the culture medium of HUVECs. RESULTS No statistically significant difference of p-eNOS-Ser1177 level in HUVECs treated with TNF-α and IL-6 was observed as compared with normal control group （P>0.05）, while the protein level of p-eNOS-Ser1177 in the HUVECs and the content of NO in the culture medium of HUVECs decreased significantly in IL-1β group （P<0.05）, and the protein level of p-AKT-Ser473 in the HUVECs was decreased as compared with normal control group （P<0.05）. The AKT agonist SC79 blocked the down-regulation effect of IL-1β on p-eNOS-Ser1177 level in the HUVECs and NO content in the culture medium of HUVECs （P<0.05）. CONCLUSION IL-1β down-regulates the protein level of p-eNOS-Ser1177 in HUVECs and affects the activity of eNOS, which may be involved in AKT/eNOS signaling pathway.     

捕虾桁拖网网囊网目的选择性研究

当网囊网目分别为４０ｍｍ,４５ｍｍ和５０ｍｍ时,哈氏仿对虾的５０％选择体长分别为８５．８８,９０．２６,９５．３２ｍｍ;中华管鞭虾的３０％选择体长为８７．５８,８８．０９,９２．５６ｍｍ;鹰爪虾的５０％选择丛长为８５．０４,８５．９６％,８８．３２ｍｍ。三种虾类的５０％选择体长和网囊网目内径的线性回归方程为,哈氏仿对虾Ｌ０．５－４８．０３＋０．９４Ｍｅ中华管鞭虾;Ｌ０．５＝６７．０＋０．４９８Ｍｅ     

5种药剂对枸杞棉蚜室内毒力及田间防效

为了明确5种药剂对枸杞棉蚜的适宜施药剂量,开展了室内毒力测定和田间药效试验.结果 表明,1％甲维盐EC对枸杞棉蚜的毒力最高,50％噻虫嗪WG毒力最低,24 h LC50分别为2.44 mg/L和1875.69 mg/L.5种药剂毒力大小依次为甲维盐＞啶虫脒＞吡蚜酮＞呋虫胺＞噻虫嗪.田间试验结果表明,随着施药时间的延长,...     

重庆市植烟区不同肥力植烟土壤氮素矿化特性研究

通过室内培养试验研究了重庆市植烟区不同肥力植烟土壤氮素矿化规律,求得土壤氮素矿化参数,并探讨了氮素矿化潜势（N0）、有机质、全氮、pH、碱解氮之间的关系。结果表明,在35℃条件下培养,一级动力学方程能够很好的拟合氮素的矿化过程,相关系数均达到显著水平（r高肥力土=0.976、r中肥力土=0.986、r低肥力土=0.996）,不同肥力土壤氮素矿化量存在显著差异。矿化潜势(N0)为：高肥力土（25.0mg?kg-1±0.60）﹥中肥力土（21.5mg?kg-1±0.61）﹥低肥力土（19.7mg?kg-1±1.14）;矿化速率（k）为：低肥力土（0.1596mg?kg-1?d-1±0.0104）﹥中肥力土（0.1492mg?kg-1?d-1±0.0155）﹥高肥力土（0.1029mg?kg-1?d-1±0.0071）。矿化潜势(N0)与全氮、有机质呈正相关,相关系数分别为0.9799和0.9788,与pH之间呈负相关（R=-0.9784）。表明不同肥力植烟土壤的供氮能力存在差异,在肥料管理上要因土、因时施肥。     

墨绿色苦瓜新品种翠玉的选育

翠玉是以自交系0123为母本,0219为父本配制成的苦瓜一代杂种.中早熟,果实长棒形,纵径30～35 cm,横径10～13 cm,瓜肉厚1.0～1.5 cm,单瓜质量500～700g,产量2 500～3000kg·(667 m2)-1,皮墨绿色,大刺瘤,对白粉病和枯萎病的抗性强于对照翠妃,适宜南方春秋种植.     

近红外定量分析技术在饲料中的应用

近红外(Near Infrared缩写成NIR)定量分析技术是近几十年迅速发展的一项新的测试分析技术,它最大特点是能测定自然状态下样品各成分的含量。近红外谱区的信息量较为丰富,且近红外技术本身具有无污染、无前处理、无破坏性、在线检测及多组分同时测定等优点,在食品、医药、化工、     

Effects of supplemental vitamin E during the mature period on the reproduction performance of Taiwan Native Chicken cockerels

One-day-old Taiwan native male chicks were fed with maize-soybean rearing diets without supplemental vitamin E to 23 weeks of age. From 23 to 52 weeks of age, the cockerels (n = 90) were assigned at random to 5 dietary treatments and fed with maize-soybean diets supplemented with 0, 20, 40, 80 and 160 mg/kg of vitamin E (dl-alpha-tocopherol acetate). Pullets (225) of the same age were fed with standard diets throughout. They were artificially inseminated with one dose of 0.04 ml/bird intact and 5-fold diluted pooled semen at 31 to 43 weeks of age and at 49 weeks of age, respectively. The criteria evaluated included: semen quality, fertility and maximum and effective duration of fertility, blood characteristics, body and testes weight. Supplemental vitamin E did not affect cockerels' effective duration of fertility and percentage of fertility. However, when pullets were inseminated with diluted semen, supplementing 160 mg/kg vitamin E increased the maximum duration of fertility at 49 weeks of age. Cockerels receiving 40 to 160mg/kg supplements had higher sperm viability and motility after 39 weeks of age and those fed 80 mg/kg had higher sperm concentration at 39 weeks of age. Cockerels receiving supplements of more than 40 mg/kg vitamin E had higher body weight gain. Plasma cholesterol and testosterone were not affected by supplemental vitamin E. However, plasma luteinising hormone (LH) concentration was lower in cockerels fed 160 mg/kg. Lack of supplemental vitamin E over 39 weeks was associated with lower semen quality but did not reduce the proportion of fertile eggs laid by inseminated hens, perhaps because the insemination dose compensated for low sperm quality. We found that the maximum duration of fertility might be improved by supplementing 160 mg/kg vitamin E at 49 weeks of age.