Green tea polyphenols supplementation alters immunometabolism and oxidative stress in dairy cows with hyperketonemia

Peripartal cows often experience negative energy balance, and are therefore prone to suffering from metabolic diseases such as hyperketonemia, which causes financial losses in dairy farms. This study aimed to investigate the effect of green tea polyphenol (GTP) supplementation during the periparturient period on production performance, oxidative stress and immunometabolism in dairy cows with hyperketonemia. One hundred Holstein cows were assigned to GTP (0.2 g/kg DM; n = 50) or control (without GTP; n = 50) group based on body weight, previous milk yield, and parity on d 15 before expected parturition. Subsequently, 10 cows with hyperketonemia were selected from each group, according to blood β-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA) concentration between 1.2 and 2.9 mmol/L from 2 to 3 d postpartum. All cows were fed a close-up diet and a lactation diet with or without GTP supply from 15 d prepartum until 30 d postpartum. Milk and blood samples were obtained from 20 cows selected with hyperketonemia on 10, 20, and 30 d postpartum. Compared with control cows, greater milk yield and lower somatic cell count were observed in GTP cows. The GTP group had lower concentrations of BHBA, free fatty acids, cholesterol, triglyceride, reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde, and hydrogen peroxide, greater concentrations of glucose, lower activities of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and glutamyl transpeptidase, alongside greater activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and total antioxidant capacity. Additionally, GTP supplementation up-regulated concentrations of interleukin-6 and interleukin-10, but down-regulated concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, interleukin-2, interleukin-8, and interferon-γ in plasma. Greater concentrations of plasma immunoglobulin G were also detected in the GTP group. Overall, the data suggested that GTP supplementation from 15 d prepartum to 30 d postpartum improved the milk yield and health status in cows with hyperketonemia during early lactation.     

Comparative analysis of proteomic profiles between endometrial caruncular and intercaruncular areas in ewes during the peri-implantation period

The endometrium of sheep consists of plenty of raised intercaruncular areas （IC）. In order to better understand aglandular areas called caruncular （C）, and intensely glandular the endometrium involved mechanisms of implantation, we used LC-MS/MS technique to profile the proteome of ovine endometrial C areas and IC areas separately during the peri-implantation period, and then compared the proteomic profiles between these two areas. We successfully detected 1740 and 1813 proteins in C areas and IC areas respectively. By comparing the proteome of these two areas, we found 170 differentially expressed proteins （DEPs） （P 〈 0.05）, functional bioinformatics analysis showed these DEPs were mainly involved in growth and remodeling of endometrial tissue, cell adhesion and protein transport, and so on Our study, for the first time, provided a proteomic reference for elucidating the differences between C and IC areas, as an integrated function unit respectively, during the peri-implantation period. The results could help us to better understand the implantation in the ewes. In addition, we established a relatively detailed protein database of ovine endometrium, which provide a unique reference for further studies.     

绿色富硒牧草饲料作物生产技术规程

本规程规定了绿色富硒牧草饲料作物的生产基地环境、种植区域分布、生产管理、刈割利用、票证管理等内容,并制定了牧草饲料作物硒含量达到0.01～0.1mg/kg的产品标准.     

A cluster of two psittacosis cases among women farmers exposed to Chlamydia psittaci-infected domestic poultry in Zhejiang Province,China

A cluster of Chlamydia psittaci (C. psittaci) cases was reported in Zhejiang Province, China, 2019. This study evaluates the extent of the outbreak and determines the source of infection. Real-time PCR and sequencing of the ompA gene of C. psittaci were performed to identify the cases, the domesticated poultry and close contacts. The index patient was a 76-year-old woman with chronic vertigo, and Case 2 was a 64-year-old female farmer with herpes zoster. Both women bought psittaci-infected chickens or ducks from the same mobile street vendor and raised them for 10 days and 23 days before fever onset. There were no direct contact between the two women. C. psittaci test was positive for the two patients, one sick chicken, three healthy ducks and the vendor's chicken cage. Phylogenetic analysis showed that all seven C. psittaci positive samples carried identical ompA genotype A of C. psittaci. Of all of the patients' 148 close contacts, none tested positive for C. psittaci, or developed acute respiratory symptoms. Both patients were discharged after a 4-week hospital stay. In conclusion, the source of this cluster was the poultry infected with C. psittaci, which occasionally cause infections in farmers, but inter-human transmission seems unlikely.     

Spatiotemporal heterogeneity of PPARγ expression in porcine uteroplacenta for regulating of placental angiogenesis through VEGF-mediated signalling

Non-infectious prenatal mortality severely affects the porcine industry, with pathological placentation as a likely key reason. Previous studies have demonstrated that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) deficiency causes defects in the uteroplacental vasculature and induces embryonic losses in mice. However, its role in porcine placental angiogenesis remains unclear. In the present study, PPARγ expression was investigated in porcine uteroplacental tissues at gestational day (GD) 25, GD40 and GD70 via quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), Western blot and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Moreover, the roles of PPARγ in porcine placental angiogenesis were investigated using a cell model of porcine umbilical vein endothelial cells (PUVECs) to conduct proliferation, migration and tube formation assays in vitro and a mouse xenograft model to assess capillary formation in vivo. The results showed that PPARγ was mainly located in the glandular epithelium, trophoblast, amniotic chorion epithelium and vascular endothelium, as indicated by the higher expression levels at GD25 and GD40 than at GD70 in endometrium and by higher expression levels at GD40 and GD70 than at GD25 in placenta. Moreover, PPARγ expression was significantly downregulated in placenta with dead foetus. In PUVECs, knocking out PPARγ significantly inhibited proliferation, migration and tube formation in vitro and inhibited capillary formation in mouse xenografts in vivo by blocking S-phase, promoting apoptosis and downregulating the angiogenic factors of VEGF and its receptors. Overall, the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of PPARγ expression in porcine uteroplacental tissue suggests its vital role in endometrial remodelling and placental angiogenesis, and PPARγ regulates placental angiogenesis through VEGF-mediated signalling.     

影响畜产品安全性的因素及其对策

安全畜产品,概括地说也就是“无疫病、无残留、无污染”的畜产品,在符合无公害畜产品产地环境评价要求的前提下,有毒、有害物质含量在国家法律、法规及有关强制标准规定的安全允许范围内。从养殖到餐桌实行全程质量监控,做到无重大动物疫病、药物残留不超标、对人类生活环境不造成影响。1影响畜产品安全性的因素分析1.1动物的饲养管理方面我国动物的饲养,大多数为农民分散饲养,规模化、集约化程度低,即使是肉类食品出口企业,也多采用“公司 农户”的养殖方式。虽然公司为确保产品质量,对农户实行统一管理,如统一供种、统一采购饲料、统一防…     

实验动物质量检测要求及方法概述

简述了有关实验动物质量检测方法的种类,重点介绍了寄生虫和微生物(细菌、病毒、真菌)检测的操作方法。     

兽药预混剂产品的均一性浅析

产品质量是企业的生命,是企业赖以生存和发展的基础。在国际上,兽药质量概念的内涵已不局限于“检验合格”,即已从“符合性质量”,转化为“适用性质量”。适用性质量的含义为“不使消费者承担安全、质量和疗效的风险”。兽药应是安全高效的,首先应把安全放在第一位。而药品的安全性和药效与其均一性密切相关。由于兽药剂型及给药方式的多样性,对兽药均一性要求比人药更高。预混剂产品的均一性是确保产品质量的重要因素,在预混剂生产过程中,总混工序直接影响产品的均一性,因此,对预混剂总混过程进行分析,对预混剂生产工艺过程中可能影响产品均一性的各种因素进行探讨是非常必要的。     

孕牛血清中早孕因子的分离纯化

采用DEAE－Sepharose(DEAE-琼脂糖凝胶）、CM－Sepharose(CM-琼脂糖凝胶）等离子交换层析、抗孕牛全血清IgG-Sepharose 4B亲和层析等技术，分离纯化妊娠4－5个月健康孕牛全血清中的早孕因子（EPF），用玫瑰花环抑制实验对各阶段产物EPF活性进行检测。结果表明，经层析过柱后的CM－ⅡA提取物有EPF活性。经SDS－PAGE银染显色证实它含有分子量为21、67、80KD的蛋白，实验结果支持21KD的多肽为主要EPF活性物成分。同时实验表明了亲和层析对进一步纯化EPF是可行的。     

陕西杨陵地区猪弓形虫病的血清学调查研究

应用间接血凝试验（ＩＨＡ）对采自杨陵区食品公司屠宰点、西北农业大学实验农场种猪场,西北农林科技大学兽医院的２１４份猪血样进行弓形虫抗体的定性检测,包括血清检测法（１７６份）,滤纸干血滴法（３８份）两种方法。结果检出阳性血样５份,阳性率为２．３４％。其中来自杨陵区食品公司屠宰点猪血样１３６份,全部用血清检测法测定结果,阳性５份,阳性率为３．６８％,来自西北农林科技大学农场种猪场血样７６份,３８份血清