四株玉米秸秆快速降解菌的分离与鉴定技术研究

筛选出了四株能够快速降解玉米秸秆中纤维素和半纤维素的菌株,经初步鉴定该菌株为类芽孢杆菌属(Paenibacillus spp.),未定种.     

浙江省缙云县农机服务专业合作社发展现状与对策

为发挥农机服务专业合作社在浙江省缙云县农业生产中的作用,归纳总结了缙云县农机服务专业合作社发展的现状和成效,并对该县当前农机服务专业合作社发展存在的问题进行了分析,在此基础上提出了加快发展缙云县农机服务专业合作社的相关措施建议。      

黄土丘陵小流域景观空间格局动态分析——以固原市上黄试区为例

 为黄土高原土地资源合理利用及区域可持续发展提供参考,以上黄试区为例,在地理信息系统支持下获得计算景观多样性的有关参数,选取斑块大小及数量、分维数、斑块伸长指数、多样性、优势度、均匀度和破碎度等指标,对黄土丘陵小流域10年来景观多样性动态变化进行分析。结果显示:1995—2004年,该试区总斑块数增加了6个,斑块变化明显的主要表现为:坡耕地及天然草地斑块分别减少19个和12个,人工草地斑块及梯田分别增加15个和9个;平均斑块面积及平均斑块周长分别下降了0.14hm2和185.36m2;梯田、天然草地、疏林地、园地及居民点用地分维数,都有不同程度的下降,而坡耕地、人工草地、灌木林地及未利用地景观的分维数有所上升,水浇地、川台地、乔木林地、水域景观分维数保持不变;上黄试区景观异质性特征表现为:均匀度指数下降5.86,景观破碎度指数上升0.002,人为干扰度增加1.95,景观类型多样性指数下降0.25,优势度指数上升0.25。目前,试区从耕地及草地为主的景观生态系统,转变为以林地和草地景观为主的高度异质化的景观生态系统,人类活动的干预,是驱动该试区景观空间格局变化的主要驱动因素。     

履带式稻(麦)联合收割机液压——机械式行走系统的研究

液压行走系统因其结构简单、操纵方便、转向灵活等特点已广泛在联合收割机中采用。该文分析了液压一机械式联合收割机行走系统的工作过程，并以某联合收割机为例，对液压行走系统的配置方案、液压元件的选型、液压系统主要参数的确定、液压系统的性能验算和实测等方面进行了研究。研究结果表明，此液压行走系统的设计是合理的、可行的，完全可以满足联收机实际使用条件和较恶劣的工况。这为我国联合收割机液压行走系统的设计和配置提供重要的参考价值。     

Cloning and expression of nucleocapsid protein gene of TGEV HB06 strain

The nucleocapsid protein gene of transmissible gastroenteritis virus, 1 149 bp in length, was amplified by RT-PCR from isolated strain HB06 and cloned into pMD18-T. Sequence comparison with other transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) strains selected from the Gene Bank revealed that the homology of N gene complete sequence shares more than 97% in nucleotide. N gene was cloned into BamHI and EcoRI multiple cloning sites of the prokaryotic expression vector pET 20 b, and named pETN. After being induced by isopropyl-β-D-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG), the recombinant nucleocapsid protein was expressed. The result of SDS-PAGE and Western-blot showed that the recombinant nucleocapsid protein was 47 kDa and had strong positive reactions with TGEV-specific antibody.     

黄瓜早期若干数量性状遗传研究

利用4个黄瓜亲本，按4×4双列杂交法配制16个组合，测定早期产量、单瓜重、瓜条长度、瓜条直径、瓜把长度、果皮颜色6个数量性状。试验根据Hayman双列杂交法进行遗传分析。结果表明：单瓜重、瓜条长度、瓜条直径、瓜把长度、果皮颜色性状符合“加性-显性”效应模型，以加性效应为主，早期产量性状还受到上位性效应的作用，但以显性效应为主，存在超显性。除早期产量和瓜条直径外，其余各性状的广义遗传力和狭义遗传力都很高，表明受环境影响较小，可在早代进行选择；早期产量和瓜条直径的狭义遗传力较小，以非加性效应为主。     

Inheritance and agronomic performance of an apetalous flower mutant in Brassica napus L

A spontaneous mutant with apetalous flowers was obtained from a hybrid progeny in Brassica napus. The result of genetic analysis showed that the apetalous character was controlled by only one gene locus, petalous flower exhibited incomplete dominance over apetalous flower and that its expression was not affected by cytoplasmic factors. Sixteen agronomically important characteristics of the apetalous line Apet33-10 were compared with those of its petalled near-isogenic line Pet33-10. Results from 4 years of tests indicated that there was no difference between Apet33-10 and Pet33-10 in all tested agronomic characteristics, except for the pod number of main inflorescence and second-order branches at low sclerotinia disease incidence. The Sclerotinia sclerotiorum disease severity index of Apet33-10 was significantly lower than that of Pet33-10, and correspondingly, the plot yield of Apet33-10 was increased obviously in comparison to that of Pet33-10 if sclerotinia disease was serious. The pod number of main inflorescence of Apet33-10 was significantly lower than that of Pet33-10. On the other hand, the pod number of second-order branches of Apet33-10 was significantly higher than that of Pet33-10, hence no overage difference of the pod number per plant was observed between the two lines.     

基于超星学习通的混合式教学模式应用研究—— 以发酵工程课程为例

为了提高发酵工程课程的教学质量和教学效果,针对发酵工程课程的内容和特点,将互联网+技术与教学相结合,进行了基于超星学习通平台的混合式线上线下教学方式的改革,结果表明:在增强了学生自主学习能力的同时,也促进了教师的自我提升.     

Limited awareness of animal influenza prevention and control among Dai Lue smallholder farmers in Southwest China

Awareness of animal influenza and its prevention and control is important for ensuring livestock health, production and welfare. In China, a country stereotyped as a major source of emerging zoonotic infectious diseases, research on the public understanding of animal influenza is limited to the Han, the main ethnic group. The present qualitative study in Southwest China investigated awareness of animal influenza among the Dai, an ethnic minority. The participants (15 men and 10 women, ages 18–83) were smallholder farmers of pigs and poultry in rural areas of Jinghong, Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province. A mixture of interviews and group discussions took place in homes and villages. The participants were asked about their knowledge of avian influenza (H7N9), swine influenza (H1N1), precautions taken to protect against influenza, procedures when animals were sick and perceived risk of animal influenza. The data were analysed following coding and thematic analysis. The findings demonstrated a limited understanding of animal health and welfare among participants. Specifically, they were largely unaware of animal influenza (H7N9, H1N1) including its causes, symptoms, prevention and treatment. The farmers were also uninformed of the risks they faced and unknowingly engaged in behaviours which increased direct or indirect exposure to infected animals, a risk factor for human infection. They also reported poor usage of veterinary services. In order to guarantee the health, welfare and production of their livestock, immediate action is needed to enable Dai smallholder farmers to prevent and respond to animal influenza effectively and timely.