QTL mapping for agronomic and fibre traits using two interspecific chromosome substitution lines of Upland cotton

CS‐B14Sh and CS‐B22Sh are cotton interspecific chromosome substitution (CS)‐B lines, in which a pair of short arms of chromosome 14 and chromosome 22 were introgressed from Gossypium barbadense doubled‐haploid line 3‐79 with the background of Gossypium hirsutum line TM‐1, respectively. These two CS‐B lines were crossed with TM‐1, and segregating progenies (F₂ and F_2:3, respectively) were obtained. Phenotypic data of lint yield, yield‐related traits and fibre‐quality traits were collected from two trials. In the cross CS‐B14SH X TM‐1, QTL for boll weight (BW), lint percentage (LP), fibre upper half mean length (UHML), micronaire reading (MIC), and fibre breaking tensile strength (STR) were repeatedly detected. Alleles from 3‐79 decreased BW and MIC, but increased UHML and STR. In the cross CS‐B22Sh X TM‐1, QTL for BW, LP, UHML, MIC, STR, fibre elongation (EL),seed weight(SW), node of first fruiting branch (NFB) and fibre uniformity index (UI) were repeatedly detected, and alleles from 3‐79 decreased UHML, UI and STR, but increased NFB, SW, MIC and EL. QTL clusters were found in both populations.     

翻压绿肥对烤烟大田生长及烤后烟产值效益的影响

为探索发展低碳烟草农业、构建资源节约型和环境友好型农业,促进特色烟叶开发和烟叶产业的可持续发展,通过田间试验,以绿肥黑麦草不同翻压量为基础,具体研究了翻压绿肥对烤烟大田生长及烤后烟产量和产值效益的影响。结果表明,烟田翻压绿肥能够明显调节烟株大田期的生长发育,促进烟株对矿质元素吸收、利用和储存。从烟株生长发育综合指标来看,以翻压量在22500~30000 kg/hm²时烟株生长较好,单株干物质积累、单株氮、磷、钾积累量最高。与对照相比,单株干物质积累量、单株氮、磷、钾积累量量最高增幅分别为19.84%、59.34%、34.94%、43.55%;同时,翻压绿肥能够明显提升烤后烟叶产量和产值效益相关指标,上中等烟比例、产量和产值最高分别增加16.13%、203.56 kg/hm²、3519.01元/hm²。     

Identification and verification of quantitative trait loci for eating and cooking quality of rice (Oryza sativa)

This study was conducted to identify new quantitative trait loci (QTLs) that have stable effects for eating and cooking quality (ECQ) of rice. Three recombinant inbred line populations of indica rice were each planted in two years. Three traits for ECQ, amylose content (AC), gel consistency (GC) and alkali spreading value (ASV), were measured for QTL analysis. A total of 13 QTLs were detected, including four for AC, six for ASV and three for GC. Two QTLs, qGC4 in the interval RM16252–RM335 on the short arm of chromosome 4 and qGC6.2 in the Alk region, were validated in a population derived from a residual heterozygote that was homozygous at the major locus Wx. In the absence of segregation at the Wx locus, qGC4 and qGC6.2 had additive effects of 2.46 and 8.18 mm, respectively, offering a potential for improving GC property of rice varieties. Comparison between qGC4 and previous results suggests that qGC4 is likely a new QTL for GC, providing a candidate for gene cloning and functional characterization.     

RECREATING SMALL SEAMLESS TUBE MILLS BY PIERCING INSFEAD OF ROLLING

This paper discuss the effects of automatic plug mills in small seamless tube mills. Far from traditional ideas,the auther comes rp with mew ideas, which adot the mew process of replacing rolling by piercing,a huge sum of economical interests and great social benefits will be gained.     

An Improved Parallel Thinning Algorithm

One recent parallel thinning algorithm is analyzed on detail in this paper.The analytical emphasis is put on its pixel deletion conditions.It is shown that owing to the inherent faults in these conditions,not only all four elements of an isolated 2x2 square are removed but also there exist "worm eaten" response and "thin hair" phenomina in its result skeleton.Subsequently,an improved one is proposed which is also strictly 8 connected.Experiments indicate that the modification effectively overcomes the original's shortages and has a little better time efficiency.     

中国小麦微核心种质中弱筋种质的鉴定筛选

优良种质资源是小麦育种的基础。本文2006-2007年连续2年在扬州对261份中国小麦微核心和54份应用核心种质进行蛋白质品质鉴定,分别筛选出19份低蛋白质含量和12份低微量SDS沉降值的种质,其中4份种质可确定为优质弱筋种质,可作为弱筋小麦育种的优质资源加以利用。     

4个南瓜栽培种的光合特性比较研究

本研究以中国南瓜（太久秀丽）、印度南瓜（永安2号、巨型南瓜、036号、美国迷你南瓜）、美洲南瓜（晶莹1号）、黑籽南瓜（云南黑籽南瓜）为材料,在生长旺期（开花坐果初期）,分别对生长在露地和日光温室中的南瓜用CB-011 光量子自动监控系统对其光合效率变化情况进行检测,同时用用光量子仪进行光量子校核。结果表明：4种南瓜的净光合速率Pn日变化大体都呈现双曲线型,只是峰值出现的早晚,峰值大小有差异;最高峰出现在下午的15：30左右,次高峰出现在9-11：30,美洲南瓜（晶莹1号）第一峰值出现的最早;蒸腾速率E日变化也基本呈现双曲线型,不同栽培种之间有一定的差别,其中中国南瓜（太久秀丽）水分效率最高,黑籽南瓜最低。     

“云大— 120 ”浸种对水稻秧苗素质及产量影响的研究

试验结果表明：用“云大— 120 ”浸稻种对种子的发芽势、发芽率、秧苗素质、有效穗和稻谷产量具有一定的促进作用，发芽势比对照提高 12.68% — 23.94% ；发芽率提高 3.75% — 18.75% ；有效穗提高 0.5% — 7.43% ；产量增加 1.03% — 8.49% 。其使用方法简单易行，在生产上具有重要的推广价值。     

果园风送喷雾机导流板角度对气流场三维分布的影响

风送喷雾条件下,雾滴是在空气流携带下进入果树冠层的各个部位,所以喷雾机气流场的运动和分布对雾滴的分布和穿透非常重要。为了研究果园风送喷雾机导流板角度变化对外部气流速度场三维空间分布的影响,该文采用ICEM建立几何模型,并进行全结构网格划分,采用k-ε湍流模型和CFX求解器进行数值求解。通过变换上导流板角度（30°、45°、60°、90°）与下导流板角度（0°、10°、20°、30°）,来模拟分析风机外部流场在各工况下的空间稳态流场、湍流状态,以及对气流场空间分布的影响。结果表明,下导流板角度由0°增加至30°过程中,由于地面摩擦阻力对气流的影响逐渐减小,同时地面摩擦阻力与两侧空气阻力形成的夹角越来越大,因此单一气流束逐渐分成3条气流束,这样的气流分布优于单一方向气流对果树枝叶的吹动效果,有利于气流携带雾滴进入果树冠层;上下导流板导向气流主要集中在导流板指向区域,因此,导流板的角度设置应根据树冠高度、树干高度来调整。通过设置合理的导流板角度,使得风场分布与果树冠形相吻合,达到仿形喷雾效果。对于行距4 m、树高3.0～3.2 m的果园喷雾,上、下导流板角度均为30°;对于棚架果园,上导流板角度为90°（或卸掉上导流板）,下导流板为30°。该研究有利于指导田间喷雾作业、喷雾参数调整,可达到更好的喷雾效果、减少环境污染。     

基于语义分割的非结构化田间道路场景识别

环境信息感知是智能农业装备系统自主导航作业的关键技术之一.农业田间道路复杂多变,快速准确地识别可通行区域,辨析障碍物类别,可为农业装备系统高效安全地进行路径规划和决策控制提供依据.该研究以非结构化农业田间道路场景为研究对象,根据环境对象动、静态属性进行类别划分,提出一种基于通道注意力结合多尺度特征融合的轻量化语义分割模...