Dynamic Changes in the Calcium Content of Several Apple Cultivars During the Growing Season

Dynamic changes in calcium content were investigated in eight apple cultivars. The results showed that the calcium concentration in leaves and shoots increased with fruit development. The cultivars displayed only a small difference in the calcium concentration during the early stage of development, the difference became very significant at the late stage of development, especially in shoots. In shoots, for example, calcium content was highest in Starkrimson （19 638.6 mg kg^-1） and lowest in Fuji （8 751.3 mg kg^-1）. Calcium concentration was highest in young fruits and was found to decrease with the growth of fruit, and was characterized by a dramatic drop at the rapid expansion stage. There was a significant difference among cultivars. Young Starkrimson fruits contained the highest calcium concentration of 506.52 mg kg^-1 among cultivars tested, followed by Pink Lady and Fuji. The calcium concentration in mature fruits from high to low is as follows： Starkrimson, Sansa, Pink Lady, Senshu, Gala, Fuji, Red General and New Century. In this study, it was found that eight cultivars continuously assimilated calcium during the whole growing season, especially at the young stage when fruit took up 35-46% of total calcium. The calcium content in fruitlets was low in all cultivars; in the expansion stage, there was rapid absorption of about 30% of total calcium, whereas in the ripening fruit, content of calcium was reduced. The calcium accumulation increased with fruit growth in stalk, similar to that in fruit.     

毛细管气相色谱法同时测定苹果 梨中氯氰菊酯联苯菊酯和氟氯氰菊酯的残留量

利用乙腈提取、氧化铝和弗罗里硅土填料净化的前处理方法,研究了采用毛细管气相色谱同时测定苹果、梨中氯氰菊酯、联苯菊酯和氟氯氰菊酯残留量的方法。结果表明,用20mL10%丙酮/石油醚作为淋洗液,0.5mg·L-1水平时苹果、梨在两种填料的回收率都在90%—120%之间;在0.05mg·L-1水平时,苹果、梨在弗罗里硅土柱上,3种菊酯都达到了90%—110%的满意结果;而在氧化铝柱上,只有联苯菊酯和氟氯氰菊酯达到90%—110%的结果,氯氰菊酯只达到64.8%和61.5%的结果。综合考虑,利用弗罗里硅土柱对这3种菊酯的净化效果较好,高低浓度均符合农药残留分析的要求。     

新农菜豆1号密度试验初报

研究了新农菜豆1号在3种不同密度下,农艺性状、干物质积累、叶面积指数等的变化规律。研究结果表明:随着密度的增加,株高和底荚高度增加,茎粗、节数、分枝数、分枝总长降低,单株荚数、单株粒数、单株粒重降低,而百粒重与密度关系不显著。以密度21万株·hm-2鲜荚产量最高,为12440kg·hm-2,百粒鲜重64.7g。     

Studies on Genetic Transformatiom of Embryogenic Suspension Cultures of Sweetpotato

Genetic transformation of embryogenic suspension cultures of sweetpotato cv. Lizixiang wasconducted by using Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain A208SE harboring the binary vectors pROA93 with β-glucronidase (GUS) and neomycin phosphotransferase (NPT Ⅱ ) genes. The results indicated that embryogenicsuspension cultures precultured for 1 -3 d were suitable for the transformation. The optimal cocultivation timewas 4 - 5 d. The optimal concentration of kanamycin was 50-75 mg L-1 for suspension culture and 100 mg L-1for embryogenic callus proliferation and plant regeneration. The optimal concentration of carbencillin was 100mg L-1. Transgenic plants identified with GUS assays and PCR analyses were obtained.     

现代家具模块化设计

介绍了模块化设计产生的社会背景和模块化的基本概念,从家电类产品多样化途径的分析入手,以板式家具为例,总结了模块化设计的方法和思路,并列举了一些模块化板式家具的典型范例.     

甜菜碱浸种对盐胁迫下棉花种子发芽及其幼苗生理活性的影响

以耐盐能力不同的中棉所12号和中棉所19号为材料,研究其在盐胁迫下甜菜碱浸种对棉花种子发芽及其幼苗防御性保护酶活性的影响。结果显示,盐胁迫抑制发芽和幼苗根系发育,但提高幼苗的SOD、POD和CAT活性;甜菜碱浸种,在一定浓度范围内可促进幼苗根系发育,提高其SOD、POD和CAT活性,增加脯氨酸含量,浓度600μg/ml时最高。两品种对盐胁迫及甜菜碱浸种后的反应一致。     

钙对高温下巨峰葡萄叶片光合作用和叶绿素荧光的影响

 【目的】分析钙对高温胁迫下葡萄叶片光合、荧光参数的影响,以探明钙在高温胁迫下对叶片光合机构的保护作用。【方法】选取高温时期,以田间生长的巨峰葡萄为试材,研究CaCl2、CaCl2+Ca2+螯合剂EGTA、CaCl2+钙调素抑制剂氯丙嗪（CPZ）预处理对高温胁迫下葡萄叶片的光合、荧光参数及丙二醛（MDA）含量的影响。【结果】喷施CaCl2显著提高了高温胁迫下葡萄叶片的净光合速率（Pn）,使光系统Ⅱ（PSⅡ）维持较高的活性,光化学猝灭系数（qP）、PSⅡ的天线转换效率（Fv’/Fm’）、光系统Ⅱ最大光化学效率（Fv/Fm）均极显著高于对照,初始荧光（Fo）极显著小于对照,膜脂过氧化产物MDA含量稍低于对照;添加抑制剂EGTA、CPZ明显抑制了光合作用,2个处理的Pn分别比钙处理的低29.4%、26.5%;其PSⅡ功能和活性也受到了显著抑制,导致叶片中MDA含量分别比钙处理高33.7%和40.2%。【结论】喷施CaCl2有效缓解了高温对葡萄叶片光合作用的抑制以及对PSⅡ系统的损害。     

河北高校毕业生就业指导队伍专业化建设的思考——以河北农业大学为例

在当前严峻的就业形势下,加强就业指导队伍专业化建设是做好高校毕业生就业工作的前提与关键。通过深入分析河北高校毕业生就业指导队伍的现状、存在问题,以河北农业大学为例,就进一步加强这支队伍的专业化建设,进行了积极探索,提出"围绕一个中心,强化两个转变,抓实三个重点"的可持续性发展思路,希望能真正实现高校就业指导队伍建设的"专业化、专家化、职业化"。     

枯草芽孢杆菌J-4菌株产抑菌物质发酵条件优化

为了提高枯草芽孢杆菌J-4菌株发酵液中抑菌物质的含量,采用单因素试验和正交试验相结合的方法,对基础发酵培养基的组成(碳源、氮源、无机盐含量)和发酵条件(发酵时间、装液量、发酵温度、接种量)进行优化。优化后的培养基组成为葡萄糖1.00%、黄豆饼粉1.00%、MgSO_40.15%、Na_2HPO_40.10%、NaH_2PO_40.10%;发酵条件为发酵时间36 h、装液量100 mL(250 mL)、发酵温度37℃、摇瓶接种量5%。在此条件下,枯草芽孢杆菌J-4菌株抑菌圈面积提高50.25%。