Characteristics and thermodynamics analysis ofoxyacetylene flame brazing joint of Cu/Al tubes

以磨盘柿为试材,研究不同液浸处理对冰温贮藏(-0.5～-0.2)℃柿果涩味转变、品质及生理指标的影响。结果表明:在冰温条件下,用2%浓度的NaCl溶液贮藏磨盘柿,可使果实的乙醇含量在贮藏30～45 d内急剧增加,促进可溶性单宁的降低,在贮藏45 d时达到完全脱涩,并可有效延缓果实硬度的下降,具有脱涩和保脆的双重作用,同时可保持相对较高的可溶性固形物和可滴定酸含量,抑制贮藏后期果实丙二醛和膜相对电导率的增加,减缓果实的衰老进程。     

Epidemiology of feline leukaemia and feline immunodeficiency virus infections in the Czech Republic

Commercial serological sets were used for the examination of 727 cats kept in larger towns of the Czech Republic. FeLV antigen and antibodies to FIV were demonstrated in 96 (13.2%) and 42 (5.8%) of the animals, respectively. Seven (0.96%) animals were positive for both FeLV and FIV. Most of the FeLV and/or FIV positive patients were intact rambling males aged 1-4 years. Chronic gastrointestinal and respiratory diseases were found in 54.2% and 43.8% of the FeLV-positive patients, respectively. Chronic urinary tract diseases and generalized lymphadenopathy were found in 47.6% and 45.2% of the FIV-positive patients, respectively. The results of this first survey in the Czech Republic have shown prevalence values and clinical patterns similar to those reported formerly from other European countries.     

Diagnostic radiology of pet and wild birds: a review. I. Radiographic techniques and radiographs of healthy birds.

By the radiographic examination of pet and wild birds, veterinary clinicians may relatively easily obtain additional information that can be used routinely in their everyday diagnostic and therapeutic work. The first part of the present review summarizes the basic technical conditions of radiological examinations, analyses the radiographic features of healthy birds, and describes the procedure and radiological indications of contrast radiography.     

Endoscopic examination of snakes by access through an air sac

Sixteen boa constrictors (Boa constrictor), three royal pythons (Python regius) and 15 Burmese pythons (Python molurus bivittatus) were examined endoscopically by access through the air sac. The snakes were immobilised in a ventral position using a half-open anaesthetic system with assisted ventilation and a mixture of isoflurane and oxygen. The rigid endoscope was introduced percutaneously and the internal structure of the lungs and the air sac, and the shape, size and external surface of the liver were visible in the cranial direction. In the smaller snakes the bifurcation and caudal part of the trachea could be viewed, provided the endoscope was positioned in a retrograde orientation. The caudal orientation of the endoscope made it possible to view the gall bladder and the size, shape and surface of the spleen. In some cases, the pancreas and the surface of the stomach and colon could be monitored. Endoscopy through the air sac also made it possible to check the major veins in the coelom. The snakes were monitored for at least 30 days after the intervention and no changes in their respiratory function or general health were observed.     

不同抗生素检测方法检测乳清粉样品结果差异性分析

乳清粉是婴幼儿配方乳粉行业的主要原料之一,对其进行抗生素检测是原料验收的重要参考指标。本研究针对8个批次乳清粉原料,采用4种不同的抗生素检测方法进行了抗生素检测,包括国标法1、国标法2、利普斯50抗生素检测试剂盒法、Charm MRL酶联免疫试剂盒法。不同方法的检测结果存在很大差异,其中国标法1和酶联免疫试剂盒法获得了相同的结果,8个样品均为抗生素阴性。而国标法2及依据此法开发的快速检测试剂盒利普斯50检测则分别显示全阳性和部分阳性的矛盾结果。从上述结果可见,依据国标法2通过嗜热芽孢杆菌检测乳清粉产品抗生素,其结果稳定性欠佳,影响其检测结果可靠性的因素还有待进一步研究。     

Vero E6细胞酵母双杂交cDNA文库的构建及鉴定

To seek out proteins which interact with structural proteins of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus （PEDV） in Vero E6 cells and study the mechanisms of viral infection.We created a Vero E6 cDNA yeast hybrid library. The total RNA of Vero E6 was extracted using Trizol method, and double strands cDNA was synthesized by SMART technique. We created a Vero E6 cDNA library by using homologous recombination in yeast. The results showed that the titer of cDNA library was 9.7×10⁸ CFU with the average of inserted fragments about 1.6 kb, and the recombination rate was 87%. These data indicated that the yeast two-hybrid cDNA library of Vero E6 was successfully constructed and might be useful for screening the host proteins interacting with structure protein of PEDV.     

NaCl胁迫下黑麦草种子萌发过程中DNA甲基化与基因表达分析

为了解黑麦草（Lolium perenne）种子在正常条件与NaCl胁迫下萌发过程中DNA甲基化动态变化以及重要盐胁迫相关基因的表达。运用甲基化敏感扩增多态性技术分析对照和150 mmol·L^-1 NaCl处理下黑麦草种子萌发过程（0,1,2,4,7 d）的DNA甲基化水平及动态变化,并通过实时荧光定量 PCR（QRT-PCR）检测8个重要的盐胁迫相关基因的表达情况。结果表明：黑麦草种子萌发过程中甲基化水平呈下降趋势,以双链甲基化方式为主,甲基化变化同时发生在编码序列和非编码序列中。NaCl处理下DNA甲基化程度高于CK,而去甲基化程度低于CK,最终导致NaCl处理下基因组净的甲基化位点数目增加。黑麦草种子耐盐萌发过程中代谢增强,8个盐胁迫相关基因表达量呈上升趋势,而NaCl胁迫延缓了种子萌发进程,在大多数时间点的基因表达低于对照。     

蜀宣花牛体型外貌、线性评定及生理指标测定

[目的]为了充分了解牛群的体型外貌及生理指标情况,我们对牛群体型外貌进行了评定、同时对牛群的毛色、肤色、踢、角及生理指标进行了调查研究。[方法]通过对牛群生理指标测定、体型外貌评定及毛色、肤色、踢、角颜色和形状分析。[结果]表明:蜀宣花牛肉用指数公母牛分别为5.3769和4.0725,低于国外专门化肉牛品种,但也明显高于国内几个比较有名的地方牛品种,由此说明,蜀宣花牛的肉用指数界于专用型肉牛和肉役兼用型牛之间。毛色以黄白花和红白花为主,占90.16%;皮肤颜色以纯粉色和粉色有斑点的为主,占96.92%;蹄质颜色以纯蜡黄色为主,占86.28%;角型以照阳角为主,占93.94%。成年母牛的生理指标分别为:体温平均38.38℃、心跳74.56次/min、呼吸18.74次/min和瘤胃蠕动2.84次/2min;体型外貌线性评定分析表明,蜀宣花牛母牛的14个性状中,除后房宽度、尻角度和乳房底部3个性状平均分略低于75分,强壮度、后房高度、乳头位置和乳静脉4个性状的平均分高于80分外,其余7个性状的平均分都在75~80分之间。[结论]从乳用性能的角度看,牛群的平均体型尚处在较理想型和理想型之间,还有待进一步选育提高。     

规模化肉鸭场污水污染物排放及其影响分析

为了解规模化肉鸭场污水污染物排放及其对水环境污染现状,本试验选择河南省5个有代表性的规模化肉鸭场,对其所排放污水以及附近水体中的化学需氧量(COD)、五日生化需氧量(BOD5)、氨氮(NH3-N)、总磷(TP)、悬浮物(SS)等污染物含量进行了分析,并利用单因子污染指数法对其污染程度进行评价.结果表明:鸭场排放污水中COD、BOD5、NH3-N、TP、SS的平均含量均超出《畜禽养殖业污染物排放标准》.其中COD、BOD5、NH3-N、TP属于较严重污染,而SS属于严重污染.鸭场下游水体中COD、BOD5、NH3-N、TP的平均含量均高出《地表水环境质量标准》,其中COD、BOD5、TP污染较严重,而NH3-N为严重污染.因此,规模化肉鸭场污水排放污染物指标全部超标,并且排放的污水对周围水环境造成不同程度的污染.