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41.
Nutritional values and antioxidative activities of whole peanuts and peanut skins for ruminant feeds 下载免费PDF全文
Chihiro Saito Sanae Asano Chizuko Kato Shintaro Kobayashi Ayaka Musha Hirotaka Kuribayashi Shouhei Moriguchi Yuuki Seto Tasuku Kawashima Masakazu Kobayashi Shigenobu Ishizaki Hiroshi Kajikawa 《Animal Science Journal》2016,87(1):54-60
This study was conducted to investigate the nutritive values of two peanut by‐products, nonstandardized whole peanuts and peanut skins, along with their effects on microbial growth and fermentation in the rumen, their roughage values, and their antioxidative activities by a digestion trial using four goats. The experimental rations were alfalfa haycube (basal ration), 85% alfalfa with 15% whole peanuts, and 70% alfalfa with 15% whole peanuts and 15% peanut skins. The ether extracts and crude protein in whole peanuts were 47% and 27% on a dry matter basis (DM) both with over 90% of digestibilities, resulting in total digestive nutrients (TDN) of 140%. Peanut skins also had a high energy value with 91% of TDN. Ruminal concentrations of total volatile fatty acids (VFA) and acetic acid decreased in the rations containing the peanut by‐products, but the NDF digestibility and ruminal microbial protein estimated from urinary purines was not altered by feeding the peanut by‐products. Plasma oxidative stress maker, malondialdehyde, tended to be lower when peanut skins were supplemented. Whole peanuts and peanut skins could be used as high‐energy and high‐protein diets for ruminants, and peanut skins would be expected as a feed having antioxidant functions. 相似文献
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Yuuki Kawabata Kimio Asami Masato Kobayashi Taku Sato Koichi Okuzawa Hideaki Yamada Kenzo Yoseda Nobuaki Arai 《Fisheries Science》2011,77(1):79-85
A critical component of many releasing projects is the identification and subsequent implementation of optimal release strategies
that can decrease post-release predation mortalities. We performed laboratory experiments to investigate whether acclimation
to shelters affects the post-release survival of hatchery-reared black-spot tuskfish Choerodon schoenleinii in the presence of a reef-resident predator, the white-streaked grouper Epinephelus ongus. Tuskfish were exposed to groupers under three different experimental conditions/treatments: (1) acclimation of fish to shelters
prior to their exposure to groupers; (2) no acclimation of fish to shelters, but with shelters available during their exposure
to groupers; (3) fish not acclimated to shelters and no shelters available during their exposure to groupers. Tuskfish that
were acclimated to shelters utilized shelters more frequently than did non-acclimated fish, and the survival rate of acclimated
fish was higher than those of fish in the other treatments. These results suggest that pre-release acclimation to shelters
improves the post-release survival of hatchery-reared black-spot tuskfish. 相似文献
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Hideaki Yamada Atsushi Nanami Itaru Ohta Kouki Fukuoka Taku Sato Masato Kobayashi Narisato Hirai Masayuki Chimura Yuichi Akita Yuuki Kawabata 《Fisheries Science》2012,78(4):809-818
The recruitment patterns of black-spot tuskfish Choerodon schoenleinii were compared with those of orange-dotted tuskfish (OT) C. ancholago. Individuals at the settlement and juvenile stages were collected using a push net in the intertidal zone and a seine net in seagrass beds. Relative values of standard length to total length (TL) for the two Choerodon species indicated an inflection point at approximately 10?C20?mm TL, suggesting that both species complete metamorphosis at a similar size. However, their temporal and spatial occurrence patterns were distinct. Newly settled individuals (postflexion stage) of black-spot tuskfish were collected mainly within foliage of Sargassum plants of the intertidal zone around March?CApril, while those of OT occurred in both the intertidal zone and seagrass beds mainly in May and June. In seagrass beds, the abundances of both species increased from May or June; however, the TL of black-spot tuskfish was bigger than that of OT. Therefore, black-spot tuskfish progressively migrate to seagrass beds after settling and completing metamorphosis in the intertidal zone, indicating that they utilize two different habitats as nursery grounds. Early spawning and migration from the intertidal zone by this species contributed to the occurrence of relatively large individuals in seagrass beds. 相似文献