兽用抗体制品制造技术与应用

重点介绍了目前我国兽用抗血清、卵黄抗体和单克隆抗体等方面的发展情况,并以实例对制品的理论、制造技术和应用作以简要说明。     

禽脑脊髓炎病鸡脑中白细胞介素-1βmRNA表达水平的研究

用地高辛随机引物法标记白细胞介素-1β（Interleukin-1β,IL-1β）cDNA,制备双链cDNA探针,用该探针对20、25日龄禽脑脊髓炎攻毒病鸡扣正常鸡的脑组织中IL-1βmRNA表达水平进行原位杂交检测。结果显示攻毒鸡脑组织中IL-1βmRNA表达水平高于正常对照鸡,本研究为进一步研究禽脑脊髓的发病机理和诊断禽脑脊髓奠定基础。     

ULTRASONOGRAPHIC FEATURES OF PYONEPHROSIS IN DOGS

Pyonephrosis refers an infected hydronephrotic kidney which arise from pyelonephritis followed by exudate accumulation in a dilated renal pelvis or hydronephrosis followed by ascending infection. Pyonephrosis may cause serious systemic complications, making prompt and reliable diagnosis critical. Clinical and ultrasonographic findings are used for the diagnosis of pyonephrosis in humans, but these findings have not been investigated in dogs. We reviewed ultrasonographic features in pyonephrosis in 18 dogs. Ten dogs with hydronephrosis were also evaluated to compare with the pyonephrosis patients. In most dogs with pyonephrosis, hyperechoic contents completely filled the dilated renal pelvis (n=8) or a fluid‐debris level was observed (n=8). Hyperechoic contents were dispersed in renal pelvis in only two of the 18 dogs. Hyperechoic, edematous mesentery, and peritoneal and retroperitoneal effusion, which represented peritoneal and retroperitoneal inflammation, were observed in the perinephric region in 11 dogs. Compared with pyonephrosis, and as expected, hydronephrosis was characterized by anechoic contents within the urine‐filled collecting system and there were no definitive findings to suspect peritonitis. Thus, there is a distinct difference in the sonographic appearance of pyonephrosis vs. hydronephrosis in dogs.     

膨胀石墨对甲基橙废水吸附脱色的研究

本研究以利用酸洗技术制备的膨胀石墨为吸附剂,以浓度为100 mg/L的甲基橙溶液为模拟废水进行吸附脱色。试验主要从膨胀石墨的膨胀容积、膨胀石墨的用量以及脱色时间三个影响因素对膨胀石墨的吸附脱色性能进行讨论,通过多因素正交试验确定室温条件下的最佳脱色工艺条件为:25 mL模拟废水中加入0.25 g膨胀容积为350 mL/g的膨胀石墨,匀速振荡1.5 h。试验脱色时间短,且脱色效果显著,脱色率为99.99%。     

饲料中添加外源核苷酸对动物生长的影响

核苷酸作为一种无毒无害无残留的新型饲料添加剂,对动物生长发育和免疫功能等具有重要作用,在动物营养方面有很大的发展前途。近年来国内外学者对核苷酸的研究逐渐增多,本文综述了添加外源核苷酸对动物肠道功能的影响,进而对动物生长的影响。     

丘陵山地茶园土壤团聚体及其碳含量分布特征研究

通过野外调查与室内分析相结合的方法,对丘陵山地茶园土壤团聚体及其碳含量分布特征进行研究。结果表明:茶园土壤0～20cm以>5mm团聚体含量最高,占20.59%,20～40cm土层土壤团聚体以<0.25mm微团聚体为主,占35.32%。0～20cm,20～40cm土层均以>5mm粒径土壤团聚体有机碳含量最高,团聚体基本呈现粒径增大,有机碳含量增加的规律。茶园在0～20cm土层>5mm粒径土壤团聚体有机碳储量及其分配比例最大,0.25～0.5mm团聚体含量最少,而20～40cm土层以0.25～0.5mm团聚体土壤有机碳储量及其分配比例最大,>5mm团聚体的比例最小。     

87份辽宁省主要玉米自交系SSR标记杂种优势群分析

利用SSR标记研究了87份辽宁省应用的主要玉米自交系的遗传多样性及类群划分。用102对扩增带型稳定的引物,从供试材料中检测出496个等位基因变异,每对引物检测等位基因2～9个,平均4.86个,平均多态性信息量0.56。用UPGMA方法将87份自交系划分为6个类群。深入分析了辽宁省玉米生产中杂种优势群和杂种优势模式的应用。     

The effect of glycyrrhizin on rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), leucocyte responses

Abstract. Treatment of rainbow trout macrophages with glycyrrhizin (GL), an aqueous extract of licorice, Glycyrrhiza glabra , enhanced their respiratory burst activity. Maximal effects were seen using concentrations of 10–100 μml⁻¹. GL also modulated trout lymphocytes, increasing proliferation responses to the mitogen phytohaemagglutinin some two-fold over a range of GL concentrations. In addition, GL elicited the release of a macrophage activating factor (MAF) from head kidney leucocytes, as assessed by the ability of generated supernatants to increase respiratory burst activity of target macrophages. MAF activity was most apparent using 100 μg ml⁻¹ GL to induce MAF release and a 48-h incubation period with the target macrophages. Finally, GL was shown to enhance the release of MAF in response to the mitogen concanavalin A. The possible use of GL as a stimulant of fish innate defences is discussed.     

伊川县猪弓形虫病血清学调查与分析

利用间接血凝试验,对河南省伊川县部分规模化猪场的897份血清样品进行了弓形虫抗体检测,以抗体效价≥1：64为阳性判定标准,结果发现,上述被检样品的总阳性率为17．7％（159／897）,母猪、保育仔猪、育肥猪的阳性率分别为27．9％（76／272）、158％（29／183）、12．2％（51／442）。阳性母猪、保育仔猪和育肥猪抗体效价的几何平均数分别为1：229．4、1：89．4、1：169．7。     

中国动物保健品现状、问题及对策之探讨——由欧盟对我国动物产品残留检查引发的思考

欧盟于 1 999年 1 0月就进口我国动物产品再次来我国进行检查 ,主要目的是调查我国养殖业动物用药及动物源食品的药物残留问题。本文借此对我国动物药品使用管理等方面的现状、问题及对策加以探讨。