缺磷胁迫对温州蜜柑光合作用的光抑制研究（一）

 经缺磷处理后,温州蜜柑叶片的表观量子效率（AQY）,最大荧光（Fm）,光化学效率（Fv/Fm）,光量子产量（Y）和电子传递速率（ETR）下降,而初始荧光（Fo）上升。净光合速率（Pn）和光呼吸速率（Pr）均下降。但Pr/Pn比值升高。表明缺磷处理后,温州蜜柑更易发生光合作用的光抑制。     

Does Dietary Administration of Lactococcus lactis Modulate the Gut Microbiota of Grouper,Epinephelus coioides

The effect of dietary administration of probiotic Lactococcus lactis MM1 for 60 d on the autochthonous microbiota in the foregut, midgut and hindgut of juvenile grouper, Epinephelus coioides, was evaluated using polymerase chain reaction‐denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). Samples collected from the probiotic and control groups showed different DGGE patterns, while 11 common bands presented in both groups. The similarity dendrogram revealed three different clusters depending on the three sections of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, and the probiotic triplicates in each GI section were generally clustered into one group distinctly different from the corresponding control triplicates. Increased species richness and Shannon index were observed in the foregut, midgut, and hindgut samples in the probiotic group compared with the control group, which suggested that probiotic L. lactis MM1 could improve the autochthonous microbial diversity along the GI tract of E. coioides. The growth of many potentially beneficial and unidentified bacteria was stimulated by the probiotic, whereas the growth of some potential harmful species, like Staphylococcus saprophyticus, was depressed.     

多效唑对2年生沙地柏生长和生理特征的影响研究

多效唑是一种赤霉素抑制剂,通过调控植物的生长、生理过程,提高其抗逆性.文中在盆栽控水的条件下,采用多效唑溶液灌根(0,50,200,400,600,800mg/L),研究多效唑对2年生沙地柏生长和生理特征的影响.结果表明:多效唑显著抑制沙地柏地上部分的生长,增大叶厚,促进地下根系生长;显著增大叶绿素a和b的总含量,减小了叶绿素a/b和水分饱和亏缺,提高光合产物积累、叶片相对含水量及肉质化指数等.多效唑可以提高植物的适应能力和抗逆性,并对提高干旱、半干旱区植被盖度及植被恢复具有重要意义.综合效应最佳处理浓度范围是200～ 600mg/L.     

Genetic diversity of the myrtle rust pathogen (Austropuccinia psidii) in the Americas and Hawaii: Global implications for invasive threat assessments

Since the myrtle rust pathogen (Austropuccinia psidii) was first reported (as Puccinia psidii) in Brazil on guava (Psidium guajava) in 1884, it has been found infecting diverse myrtaceous species. Because A. psidii has recently spread rapidly worldwide with an extensive host range, genetic and genotypic diversities were evaluated within and among A. psidii populations in its putative native range and other areas of myrtle rust emergence in the Americas and Hawaii. Microsatellite markers revealed several unique multilocus genotypes (MLGs), which grouped isolates into nine distinct genetic clusters [C1–C9 comprising C1: from diverse hosts from Costa Rica, Jamaica, Mexico, Puerto Rico, and USA‐Hawaii, and USA‐California; C2: from eucalypts (Eucalyptus spp.) in Brazil/Uruguay and rose apple (Syzygium jambos) in Brazil; C3: from eucalypts in Brazil; C4: from diverse hosts in USA‐Florida; C5: from Java plum (Syzygium cumini) in Brazil; C6: from guava and Brazilian guava (Psidium guineense) in Brazil; C7: from pitanga (Eugenia uniflora) in Brazil; C8: from allspice (Pimenta dioica) in Jamaica and sweet flower (Myrrhinium atropurpureum) in Uruguay; C9: from jabuticaba (Myrciaria cauliflora) in Brazil]. The C1 cluster, which included a single MLG infecting diverse host in many geographic regions, and the closely related C4 cluster are considered as a “Pandemic biotype,” associated with myrtle rust emergence in Central America, the Caribbean, USA‐Florida, USA‐Hawaii, Australia, China‐Hainan, New Caledonia, Indonesia and Colombia. Based on 19 bioclimatic variables and documented occurrences of A. psidii contrasted with reduced sets of specific genetic clusters (subnetworks, considered as biotypes), maximum entropy bioclimatic modelling was used to predict geographic locations with suitable climate for A. psidii which are at risk from invasion. The genetic diversity of A. psidii throughout the Americas and Hawaii demonstrates the importance of recognizing biotypes when assessing the invasive threats posed by A. psidii around the globe.     

Serologic and genetic characterization of North American H3N2 swine influenza A viruses

The H3N2 subtype of influenza A viruses isolated from pigs in the United States and Canada has shown both genetic and antigenic diversity. The objective of this study was to determine the serologic and genetic characteristics of contemporary strains of these viruses. Genetic analysis of 18 reference strains and 8 selected strains demonstrated differences in 1% to 9% of the nucleotides of the hemagglutinin (HA) gene. Phylogenetic analysis of the HA gene revealed 3 genetic clusters, as well as divergence of cluster III viruses from a cluster III prototype virus (A/Swine/Illinois/21587/99). By means of 1-way cross-hemagglutination inhibition with antiserum against 5 field isolates and 3 vaccine viruses, most of 97 isolates tested could be placed in 1 of 3 serogroups. The several isolates that did not react with any antiserum were in genetic cluster III, which suggests that continuous antigenic drift in cluster III may have resulted in virus variants. The efficacy of commercial vaccines against these virus variants should be evaluated with vaccination and challenge studies.     

彭州市丹景山镇典型农作物输出系数研究

农业非点源污染具有随机性大、分布范围广、危害性大等特点,已成为重要的环境污染方式。根据现场实测,分析了四川省彭州市丹景山镇不同作物田的总氮、总磷输出系数,探讨了不同作物及不同典型水文年输出系数形成差异的原因,完善了输出系数模型,为控制丹景山镇农业氮素、磷素的输出提供建议。     

犬乳腺肿瘤治疗的研究进展

乳腺肿瘤是犬常见的肿瘤类型,研究犬乳腺肿瘤的治疗可以对人类乳腺肿瘤的治疗提供参考.归纳了近年来国内外乳腺肿瘤的治疗方法及进展,提出了犬的乳腺肿瘤的治疗建议,为犬的乳腺肿瘤的治疗提供了理论参考和依据.     

巴旦杏在甘肃河西地区引种培育问题的探讨

该文通过分析巴旦杏在甘肃河西地区引种培育过程中出现的问题,总结出用容器育苗和大田开沟点播相结合来培育接穗,以山桃为砧木嫁接巴旦杏的引种驯化技术.结果表明,容器培育接穗比直接大田点播出苗率、成活率分别提高了10%和15%;巴旦杏与山桃嫁接表现出极好的亲和性,嫁接成活率为90%.     

16S rRNA在海洋微生物系统分子分类鉴定及分子检测中的应用

16SrRNA序列分析作为微生物系统分类的主要依据已得到了广泛认同，随着微生物核糖体RNA数据库的日臻完善，该技术成为细菌分类和鉴定的一个有力工具。本文总结了16SrRNA作为海洋微生物系统分子分类鉴定的理论基础和具体方法，分析了用16SrRNA研究海洋微生物的进化关系，并且对16SrRNA在海洋微生物分子检测中的应用作一评述。     

施用硫肥对两种穗型冬小麦品种群体生理、产量和品质的影响

为了研究硫肥对小麦群体生理、产量和品质的影响，以及对不同穗型品种的效应，通过随机区组试验，对豫麦49（多穗型）和兰考906（大穗型）冬小麦品种进行了不同硫肥处理。研究结果表明，适宜的硫肥处理能够增大小麦的叶面积指数（LAI），增加干物质的积累，提高群体光合（CAP）速率，而且对于提高小麦穗粒数、结实率、千粒重、容重、粗蛋白含量、湿面筋含量也有较大的作用。两种穗型小麦品种对硫肥的反应有差异，多穗型的豫麦49施硫后，产量提高幅度较大，而品质反应不明显，大穗型品种兰考906的产量和品质对硫肥的反应却相反，因此硫肥施用应考虑品种间差异。