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排序方式: 共有185条查询结果,搜索用时 16 毫秒
51.
Parental Contributions in a Japanese Flounder Hatchery Inferred from Mitochondrial DNA Haplotypes 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Takashi Asahida Yumi Shinotsuka Kenji Saitoh Tatsuo Tsuzaki Masato Aritaki Yoh Yamashita 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2004,35(2):199-208
We analyzed a portion of the mitochondrial genome of hatchery Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus to compare the genetic characteristics between maternal parents and their offspring. The maternal parents consisted of 11 subcultured fish (broodstock taken from hatchery-raised fish) and 41 wild fish. A 1098 base pair region extending from the 3'half of the cytochrome b gene to the central domain of the control region of mtDNA was amplified by PCR and analyzed using 11 restriction endonucleases. We also analyzed the number of copies of tandem repeats in the control region from the sizes of the PCR products. Each female parent had a unique haplotype, but only 31 of them were observed among the 66 offspring examined. From these results, we estimated that about 60% of the maternal parents in the hatchery contributed to the offspring we surveyed. The distribution of the family sizes of the wild fish was Poisson, which is consistent with expectation from a randomly mating population. In contrast, the distribution of family sizes of the subcultured fish deviated from a Poisson distribution. One of the sources of the deviation was that none of the six oldest fishes contributed to offspring production, which is consistent with observation that the spawning peaks later in the spawning season for older fish in flounder hatcheries. Uneven contribution of the female flounders in the hatchery has the potential to reduce substantially the genetic diversity in the offspring. Our results suggest that the misuse of subcultured fish as broodstock is an important cause of reduced genetic diversity in hatchery-raised flounder juvenile. 相似文献
52.
Rosalía Núñez-Pastrana Guadalupe Fabiola Arcos-Ortega Ramón Armando Souza-Perera Carlos Alberto Sánchez-Borges Yumi Elena Nakazawa-Ueji Francisco Javier García-Villalobos Adolfo Alberto Guzmán-Antonio José Juan Zúñiga-Aguilar 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2011,131(4):669-683
53.
Kenji Katayama Seiji Tamiya Tetsufumi Sakai Yumi Kai Akiko Ohara-Takada Toshikazu Kuranouchi Masaru Yoshinaga 《Breeding Science》2015,65(4):352-356
Sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.), which is an outcrossing hexaploid, is one of the most important starch-producing crops in the world. During the last decade, new sweetpotato cultivars, e.g. ‘Quick Sweet’, which have approximately 20°C lower pasting temperature, slower retrogradation and higher digestibility of raw starch than ordinary cultivars, have been developed in Japan. Genetic analysis of these variants with low pasting temperature starch was conducted in this study. Using 8 variants and 15 normal clones, 26 families were generated. The results from analyzing these progenies suggested that this trait is a qualitative character controlled by one recessive allele (designated spt), which is inherited in a hexasomic manner. A dosage effect of the wild-type Spt allele was found for starch pasting temperature, although the effect was not linear. These results will aid breeders to develop sweetpotato cultivars with a range of starch pasting temperatures. 相似文献
54.
Hosoi Y Ando Y Arakawa M Kasuga K Kojima I Kobayashi M 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2011,57(5):650-654
Fibroblast growth factor 4 (FGF4) promotes isolation of trophoblast stem (TS) cells from mouse blastocysts and maintenance of TS cells in an undifferentiated state in vitro. To date, commercially available, bacterially expressed human FGF4 (RhFGF4) has been used generally for this purpose. In this study, HismFGF4, a 6x histidine-tagged mouse FGF4, was produced in E. coli and purified using heparin column chromatography. We demonstrated that HismFGF4 (25 ng/ml) more efficiently generates mouse TS cells from a single blastocyst than RhFGF4 (25 ng/ml) and that TS cells isolated and maintained with HismFGF4 retained their ability to differentiate into the trophoblast cell lineage in vitro. In addition, TS cells cultured with HismFGF4 (25 ng/ml) were maintained in an undifferentiated state better than with RhFGF4 (25 ng/ml). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first application of a mouse FGF4 derivative for isolation and maintenance of mouse TS cells. 相似文献
55.
Glucose is utilized for oxidation and synthesis of various lipids in cultured rat embryos. The present experiment examined the effect of insulin on the incorporation of glucose into lipid fractions in rat embryos in vitro . Embryos at the 2-cell, 8-cell and blastocyst stages were incubated for 5 h in hamster embryo culture medium (HECM)-1 containing 14 C-glucose and 170 nmol/L insulin, or in HECM-1 containing only 14 C-glucose, and the oxidation of glucose in these embryos was examined. In addition, the total lipids of blastocysts were separated by thin layer chromatography and the radioactivity of the separated lipid fractions was measured. Oxidation of glucose was significantly increased after insulin treatment compared with that without insulin treatment in 8-cell embryos and blastocysts ( P < 0.05), but not in 2-cell embryos. Incorporation of glucose into lipids in blastocysts was significantly lowered by insulin treatment compared with that without insulin treatment ( P < 0.05). Most of the radioactivity was recovered from triacylglycerols of blastocysts and the remaining radioactivity was found in other neutral lipids and phospholipids. We conclude that insulin accelerates the utilization for oxidation of glucose and inhibits the storage of triacylglycerols in rat blastocysts. 相似文献
56.
Takeshi Tsuka DVM Shingo Okamura DVM Munekazu Nakaichi DVM PND Satoshi Une DVM PHD Yasuho Taura DVM PHD 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2002,43(1):55-61
The purpose of this study was establishment of the criteria of transorbital echoencephalography in cattle and experimental applications to bovine practice. Quantitative investigations using magnetic resonance (MR) imaging revealed that this examination could be applied to cattle under 3 months of age. The method of transducer positioning was established in Japanese Black (J.B.) and filial (F1) cattle (turning caudally at an angle of about 16 degrees and dorsally at an angle of about 23 degrees) or in Holstein cattle (turning caudally at an angle of about 20 degrees and dorsally at an angle of about 21 degrees). Examinations in clinical calves revealed that the cerebral parenchyma and the lateral ventricle could be detected antemortem or postmortem. In this study, the diagnoses of hydrocephalus or hydranencephaly was possible using antemortem transorbital echoencephalography. Transorbital echoencephalography was especially useful as the imaging method for bovine hydranencephaly. 相似文献
57.
Naoaki YAMADA Takashi KITAMORI Fumiyo KITAMORI Kanako ISHIGAMI Koji IWANAGA Taiki ITOU Ryosuke KOBAYASHI Shino KUMABE Takuya DOI Junko SATO Yumi WAKO Minoru TSUCHITANI 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(10):1299-1303
A 7-year-old female boxer dog died suddenly without any clinical signs. It was suspected
that the dog had arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) due to ventricular
premature complexes and ventricular tachycardia at 3 years of age. The final diagnosis of
ARVC was confirmed by histological characteristics, such as loss of cardiocytes and
fibrofatty replacement, occurring in the right and left ventricular walls. In the
cardiocytes, non-lipid vacuoles were observed. Cardiac fibrosis and intimal thickening of
the small arteries occurred without fatty replacement in the inner muscle layer including
the papillary muscles of the left ventricular wall. This paper describes the
pathomorphological details of an ARVC case with coincidental cardiac fibrosis in the inner
muscle layer of the left ventricular wall. 相似文献
58.
Hirohisa MEKATA Satoshi SEKIGUCHI Satoru KONNAI Yumi KIRINO Yoichiro HORII Junzo NORIMINE 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(9):1115-1120
Horizontal transmission is recognized as a major infection route for bovine leukemia
virus (BLV), and cattle with high viral loads are considered to be a major infectious
source in a herd. However, a correlation between viral loads and the risk of infection has
been insufficient to use as a foundation for BLV control strategies. In this report, we
examined the epidemiology of BLV infection and the infectious source in a local area. In
2013–2014, BLV infection was investigated in 1,823 cattle from 117 farms in two adjacent
districts, Miyazaki, Japan. Seropositive samples for BLV were detected with 88 cattle and
in 14 farms. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that 94% of the isolates clustered into
genotype I and the remaining isolate into genotype III. Among genotype I, genetically
distinct strains were spread at each farm, and cattle infected with less than 3 copies/100
cells did not transmit BLV to other cattle for more than thirty months. This is the first
report of concrete data of viral load in relation to viral horizontal transmission under
the field condition. The data facilitate farmers and veterinarians understanding the
status of BLV infected cattle. This research contributes to BLV infection control and the
development of effective BLV eradication programs. 相似文献
59.
Hashimoto N Nakamura Y Noda T Han KH Fukushima M 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2011,66(4):401-407
To clarify the functional properties of potato pulp (PP), a waste product resulting from extraction of starch from potatoes,
we examined the effects of PP on cholesterol metabolism and cecal conditions in rats. Plasma total cholesterol (T-Chol) levels
were lower in rats fed a PP-supplemented diet for four weeks than in those fed a control diet. Cecal pH was lowered due to
an increase in the levels of cecal total short-chain fatty acids, especially butyrate, in the PP group compared to the control
group. Furthermore, animals fed with the PP-supplemented diet showed increased cecal ratios of Lactobacillus and Clostridia and decreased cecal ratios of Bacteroides and Gammaproteobacteria with slightly negative and positive correlations with plasma T-Chol levels, respectively. In conclusion,
ingestion of PP for four weeks is likely to improve both cecal conditions and cholesterol metabolism, suggesting that PP has
prebiotic effects. 相似文献
60.
Kaji Ryoma Yariuchi Rina Fujii Yumi Taniguchi Shiduku Uji Yuya Suzuki Go Kashihara Keita Kisaki Gan Suezawa Katsuhiko Ohtani Mamoru Kataoka Ikuo Akimitsu Kazuya Gomi Kenji 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2021,87(6):361-365
Journal of General Plant Pathology - Kiwifruit bacterial canker, which is caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae biovar 3 (Psa3), is found throughout kiwifruit-growing countries. Here, we... 相似文献