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141.
Masaharu Kubota Kazuo Abiko Yukio Yanagisawa Kazufumi Nishi 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2006,72(4):197-204
Plug seedlings, widely used in cabbage cultivation in Japan, are often infected by seed-borne pathogens, especially the serious
pathogen Alternaria brassicicola. Because information on seed infestation is scant in Japan, we investigated fungal infestation in commercial batches of cabbage
seeds produced between 1984 and 2001. A total of 123 lots were divided into six groups by production period (1984–1989, 1994–1998,
and 2001) and by use or nonuse of fungicide. One hundred seeds from each lot were incubated separately on agar at 25°C to
isolate the predominant fungus. Alternaria brassicicola was isolated most frequently, 0%–94% of the seeds depending on seed lot or 6%–21% of the seeds grouped by production period
and fungicide treatment. Thus, the pathogen was isolated even from seeds refrigerated for 17 years. Alternaria brassicicola accounted for 57%–95% of all isolated fungi by the group and was higher on older or fungicide-treated seeds. Seeds that were
not treated with fungicide in lots grouped by production districts in western Japan were infested with A. brassicicola at a rate of over 12%, higher than that in the eastern region (<4%). Infestation was higher in the warmer areas of Japan.
Eighty-five isolates, other than A. brassicicola, produced spots on cabbage cotyledons, although they were not isolated as frequently: less than 5% of seeds by group separated
by production period and fungicide treatment. Most of these isolates were Alternaria alternata. This is the first report on the frequency of fungal infestation of commercial cabbage seeds in Japan. 相似文献
142.
Nobuhide KIDO Kaori ONO Tomoko OMIYA Yukio OGUCHI Moemi SETOGAWA Yuuki MACHIDA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(12):1651-1653
Oral examination of two guinea pigs revealed that the unilateral incisor was absent. On radiographic examination, the incisor was identified within the nasal cavity in both patients. Under anesthesia in both patients, the skin was incised from the nostril to 1.5 cm proximal, and the premaxilla and part of the maxilla were exposed. The bone was removed using a surgical drill, and the incisor was exposed in the nasal cavity. The root was grasped with forceps and carefully extracted as it was degraded and very fragile. Diagnosis was easy using oral and radiographic examination. In guinea pig patients where an incisor is absent on oral examination, this condition should be considered. 相似文献
143.
144.
Isobe N Nakao T Shimada M Fukumoto Y Watanabe H Minami S Noda A Yoshimura Y 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2007,53(1):159-164
The present study was carried out to measure fecal progestagen and estrone concentrations during pregnancy in a giraffe and examine the possibility of utilizing this assay system for pregnancy diagnosis. Fecal samples were collected from a giraffe during her third and fourth parities and mixed with methanol to prepare a fecal solution. Diluted fecal solution was used for direct enzyme immunoassay for progestagen and estrone. The newborn calf from the third parity was viable, although that from the fourth parity died 5 days after calving. In the third parity, the giraffe's progestagen and estrone concentrations increased transiently from days 30 to 120 of pregnancy. Then, they decreased and remained low until day 330. This was followed by a drastic rise in both concentrations as parturition approached. Parturition caused a reduction in the progestagen and estrone concentrations of the feces. In the fourth parity, the progestagen concentration increased gradually after mating until day 320. This was followed by a reduction in the concentration until parturition. However, the estrone concentration fluctuated, and the duration and extent of the prepartum rise in concentration were shorter and lower than those of the third parity. The hormone dynamics of the third parity suggest the possibility of early pregnancy diagnosis by measuring progestagen or estrone between days 30 and 120 after mating. 相似文献
145.
Seimiya YM Murakami M Takahashi M Sasaki K Miyazaki H Kawashima K 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2007,69(4):445-448
A neonatal calf developed nervous symptoms followed by diarrhea. The principal pathological changes were fibrinopurulent meningitis with necrosis of the cerebral parenchyma, and attaching and effacing lesions in the intestine. Cerebral necrosis was frequently associated with vascular changes. Enterobacter cloacae was isolated from the brain and Escherichia coli (O128) from the intestinal content. These suggest that cerebral and intestinal lesions were caused by the isolated organisms, and that most necrosis of the cerebral parenchyma might be infarctive. 相似文献
146.
Akio Manabe Masayuki Enomoto Yoshimi Yamada Yukio Oguri Mitsuru Sasaki 《Pest management science》1999,55(6):649-650
The four diastereomers of 2-cyano-N-[1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl]-3,3-dimethyl-butyramide were prepared by a direct HPLC separation with chiral columns. The [(S)acid, (R)amine]-isomer (was the most antifungal among the diastereomers tested. Because of the lability of the clinical group in the acid moiety, the (RS)-(R)-isomer is being developed as a rice blasticide. (S-2900, proposed common name diclocymet). 相似文献
147.
Yukio Nezu Masahiro Miyazaki Kazuhiko Sugiyama Ikuo Kajiwara 《Pest management science》1996,47(2):103-113
A number of 6-(4-phenoxyphenoxy)pyrimidines and triazines were synthesized and their herbicidal activity was measured. Compounds with the methoxy groups at the 2- and 4-positions on the pyrimidine and triazine rings exhibited high herbicidal activity. Introduction of a substituent into the 5-position of the pyrimidine ring diminished the activity. In the phenoxyphenoxy substructure at the 6-position, the central ether bond can be replaced by a methylene group without loss of activity. The optimum substituent on the terminal phenyl ring was 3-trifluoromethyl. The compounds showed a strong Hill reaction inhibition, but unfortunately showed poor selectivity between weeds and crops. 相似文献
148.
Katsuhisa Tanaka Yukio Hanamura Ving Ching Chong Satoshi Watanabe Alias Man Faizul Mohd Kassim Masashi Kodama Tadafumi Ichikawa 《Fisheries Science》2011,77(5):809-816
Stable carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) isotope ratios were measured to investigate the migration of John’s snapper Lutjanus johnii and its dependence on the food resources provided within the large Matang Mangrove Forest Reserve (40,151 ha), Malaysia.
John’s snapper, and its main prey food such as penaeids, Acetes shrimps and mysids, showed generally depleted δ13C values in the inner mangrove area but more enriched values in the river mouth and coastal area. Some juveniles migrated
into the inner mangrove areas, although they were also distributed near the river mouth areas. Isotopic signatures of snapper
fish and prey reveal the ontogenetic migration of the youngest juvenile fish (<5 cm in total length) from the coastal area
into the mangrove area, shifting their dependence from the coastal food web to the inner mangrove food web with their growth.
The study shows the importance of the complex interconnected mangrove waterways and associated prey animals present in the
large mangrove system to juvenile John’s snapper. 相似文献
149.
150.
Masafumi SHIMIZU Yoshiko NAKAGAWA Yukio SATO Tamotsu FURUMAI Yasuhiro IGARASHI Hiroyasu ONAKA Ryuji YOSHIDA Hitoshi KUNOH 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2000,66(4):360-366
To survey endophytic actinomycetes as potential biocontrol agents against fungal diseases of rhododendron, young plants of
rhododendron were surface-sterilized for use as an isolation source. Nine, six and two isolates, with distinguishing characteristics
based on the macroscopic appearance of colonies, were obtained from roots, stems and leaves, respectively, suggesting that
various species of actinomycetes grow in the respective organs of this plant as symbionts or parasites. On an agar medium,
only isolate R-5 commonly formed a clear growth-inhibition zone against two major fungal pathogens of rhododendron, Phytophthora cinnamomi and Pestalotiopsis sydowiana, indicating that this isolate can produce antifungal material(s). Acetone extracts of a liquid culture of R-5 had a broad antimicrobial
spectrum against Gram-positive bacteria, yeast and filamentous fungi. Isolate R-5 was identified as a Streptomyces sp. based on morphological, physiological and chemotaxonomical characteristics. The present results indicate that isolate
R-5 is a suitable candidate for the biocontrol of diseases of rhododendron.
Received 25 March 2000/ Accepted in revised form 18 May 2000 相似文献