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91.
Sang-Gun ROH Daisuke HISHIKAWA Yeon-Hee HONG Shinichi SASAKI 《Animal Science Journal》2006,77(5):472-477
Adipose tissue is an important organ that is involved in the peripheral regulation of body homeostasis, specifically, energy intake, storage and expenditure. Since fat metabolism is of the utmost importance in ruminants, the signals and mechanisms which regulate adiposity for fattening have been studied and characterized by many different approaches. Adipogenesis in the adipose tissues of ruminants is triggered and modulated by several factors/genes, some of which (conjugated linoleic acid, tumor necrosis factor‐α and adipogenin) have been examined with respect to adipogenesis in ruminants by numerous researchers, including those in our group. The purpose of this article was to describe recent advances and insights into the molecular regulating processes of preadipocyte, adipocyte and adipose tissues in ruminants. 相似文献
92.
Naofumi OGUSHI Kazuaki SASAKI Minoru SHIMODA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(9):1171-1173
The effect of the antitumor drug, methotrexate (MTX), which is applied to brain tumors,
is restricted by the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which is composed of P-glycoprotein (P-gp)
and multidrug resistance associated protein (MRP). We, therefore, studied if a potent P-gp
and MRP modulator, cyclosporin A (CysA), can modulate the MTX concentration in the rat
brain. If it can, which route is more effective, intravenous or intrathecal? We
intravenously or intrathecally administered MTX to rats with or without CysA. After 6 hr,
brains and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were sampled, and their MTX concentrations were
compared. Each MTX concentration was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography
with UV detection. CysA had no significant affect on the MTX concentration in the brain or
CSF when MTX was intravenously injected. In contrast, when MTX was intrathecally
administered, CysA had a larger effect on the MTX concentration in the brain than in the
CSF. This indicates CysA potentiated the brain MTX concentration when MTX was
intrathecally administered. It is suggested that CysA did not potentiate the distribution
of MTX from blood into the brain, but instead potentiated the distribution of MTX from CSF
into the brain. Since chemicals in CSF generally diffuse into the brain easily, CysA
probably inhibited the excretion of MTX from the brain. This could be caused by inhibition
of P-gp or MRP at the BBB. Therefore, CysA can be a useful tool to achieve an appropriate
MTX concentration in brain. 相似文献
93.
Katsuhiro TOGASHI Shiho SASAKI Wataru SATO 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(8):973-976
Currently, no simple assays are available for routine quantitative detection of Escherichia coli-produced Shiga toxin 2e (Stx2e) that causes porcine edema disease. Here, we present a novel quantitative detection method for Stx2e based on the measurement of Stx2e binding to the specific globotetraosylceramide (Gb4) receptor by ELISA (Gb4-ELISA). No cross-reactivity was found with the other Shiga toxins Stx1 and Stx2, indicating high specificity. When the recombinant Stx2e B subunit (Stx2eB) was used, the absorbance measured by Gb4-ELISA increased linearly with Stx2eB concentration in the range of 20–2,500 ng/ml. The Gb4-ELISA method can be easily performed, suggesting that it would be a useful diagnostic tool for porcine edema disease. 相似文献
94.
Takumi MOTOYA Noriko NAGATA Harumi KOMORI Ikuko DOI Miho KUROSAWA Toshimasa KETA Nobuya SASAKI Koji ISHII 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(12):1705-1709
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is known as a causative agent of zoonosis and food poisoning.
Pigs and some species of wild animals, including wild boar, are known to be a reservoir of
HEV. In this study, we investigated the situation regarding HEV infection in wild boars in
Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan. Serum, liver and feces samples from 68 animals were collected,
and the presence or absence of HEV genomic RNA and HEV antibodies were analyzed. The viral
genome was detected in samples from 7 (10.3%) animals, with all HEVs classified as
genotype 3, subtype 3b. HEV antibodies were detected in samples from 28 (41%) animals.
This report demonstrates for the first time the high prevalence of HEV infection in wild
boars in Ibaraki Prefecture. 相似文献
95.
Taiki YAMAGAMI Takeshi MIYAMA Haruya TOYOMAKI Satoshi SEKIGUCHI Yosuke SASAKI Masuo SUEYOSHI Kohei MAKITA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2021,83(11):1772
When a large-scale epidemic of porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) occurred in 2013 in Japan, feedback feeding (feeding feces and gut tissues of infected piglets) was attempted to impart immunity to sows and immunize nursing piglets via breastfeeding. This study evaluated the effect of feedback feeding on PED control at 172 farms in Kagoshima and Miyazaki Prefectures. Univariable and multivariable generalized linear models were used to analyze the associations between conduct of feedback feeding and damage from the outbreak (outbreak period and the number of piglet deaths) at the farm level. The within-farm outbreak period shortened over time after the regional outbreak began on Kyushu Island (P=0.009) and was longer on large-scale farms (mean 66.0 days, P=0.003) than small-scale farms (29.4 days) and on farms that used feedback feeding (145.2 days, P=0.059) than those that did not (66.0 days). The number of dead piglets decreased over time since the first regional case (P<0.001) and was higher at farrow-to-finish farms (3.8 piglets/sow, P<0.001) than reproduction farms (0.7 piglets/sow). The effect of feedback feeding on the number of dead piglets was not significant, but its interaction term with farm style had a significant effect (5.0 more piglet deaths at reproduction farms than fallow-to-finish farms, P=0.001). These results suggest that feedback feeding made the damage from PED worse, though it was well established at a later stage of the regional PED epidemic. 相似文献
96.
Rommaneeya LEELA-ARPORN Hiroshi OHTA Genya SHIMBO Noboru SASAKI Mitsuyoshi TAKIGUCHI 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2021,83(9):1459
The size of canine focal liver lesions (FLLs) is known to be one of the predicting criteria for malignancy. However, there are discrepancies for the measurement of maximum lesion size, resulting in contradicting results among studies and incidences of false positive outcomes. Thus far, the morphometric changes of FLLs for distinguishing malignancy from benignancy remains undocumented. This study aimed to investigate morphometric characteristics of FLLs using computed tomography (CT). CT images of 40 dogs with histopathological confirmation of 49 liver lesions, including 39 hepatocellular carcinomas and 10 nodular hyperplasias were retrospectively reviewed. The morphometric parameters including size (long and short axis diameters measured on transverse image), shape (measured by long to short axis (L/S) ratio), volume, and surface appearance of a liver lesion were evaluated using univariate and stepwise multivariate analyses, respectively. The results of univariate analysis showed that long and short axis diameters, L/S ratio, volume, and surface appearance of a lesion were significantly different between hepatocellular carcinomas and nodular hyperplasias. Multivariate analysis revealed that short axis diameter (>3.30 cm; odds ratio (OR): 36.1, 95% confidence interval (CI): 3.36–387.05, P=0.0031) and L/S ratio (>1.23; OR: 18.1, 95% CI: 1.61–205.12, P=0.0191) were independent predictors of malignancy, with the area under the curve of 0.9154. These results suggest that the combination of short axis diameter and L/S ratio is a promising tool for predicting liver malignancy with outstanding discriminating ability. 相似文献
97.
Zaki Utama Yukako Okazaki Hiroyuki Tomotake Norihisa Kato 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2013,68(2):177-183
The present study investigated the effect of dietary tempe, a fermented soy product, on the colonic environment of rats fed high-fat (HF, 30 % fat; experiment 1) or low-fat (LF, 6 % fat; experiment 2) diets. Growing male rats were fed the experimental diets with or without 25 % tempe for 21 days. Tempe consumption slightly but significantly increased the growth of rats fed both the HF and LF diets (P?<?0.05). With both the HF and LF diets, dietary tempe markedly reduced a harmful fecal secondary bile acid, lithocholic acid (a risk factor of colon cancer) (P?<?0.05), and markedly elevated fecal mucins (indices of intestinal barrier function) and immunoglobulin A (IgA, an index of intestinal immune function) (P?<?0.05). With the HF diet, dietary tempe increased cecal acetate, butyrate, propionate, and succinate concentrations (P?<?0.05). Analysis of the profile of cecal microflora revealed lower Bacteroides and higher Clostridium cluster XIVa levels in the tempe group of rats fed the HF diet (P?<?0.05). Compared with the control group, the fecal activity of β-glucosidase was markedly higher in the tempe group (P?<?0.05), while that of urease was lower (P?<?0.05) with both the HF and LF diets. The present results suggest that tempe consumption modulates the colonic environment in rats. 相似文献
98.
Yuji MIYAGUCHI Taro SAKAMOTO Shun SASAKI Koji NAKADE Manabu TANABE Satoko ICHINOSEKI Masahiro NUMATA Kiichi KOSAI 《Animal Science Journal》2011,82(1):136-143
Porcine glycoliytic enzyme, glyceraldehyde 3‐phosphate dehydrogenase (G3PD) was prepared effectively by a combination of ethylene diamine tetra‐acetate (EDTA) pretreatment and affinity purification. After salting out of porcine sarcoplasmic proteins (SP) with ammonium sulfate at 75% saturation, the obtained supernatant (SP‐f3) was treated with EDTA, leaving G3PD in the supernatant (G3PD‐E) and most other SPs in the precipitate. At that time, the separation of G3PD‐E required more than 20 mmol/L EDTA. G3PD‐E was then subjected to affinity purification by batchwise method using blue‐sepharose CL‐6B, and purified G3PD (G3PD‐AP) was obtained using 2 mol/L potassium chloride (KCl) as an eluent. Texture analysis showed that the hardness, adhesiveness and gumminess of the myofibril gel at 0.2‐mol/L NaCl increased with the addition of G3PD‐AP. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the G3PD‐AP reinforced the gel network of the myofibril. However, scanning electron micrograph analysis showed that the network‐structure of the gel by the addition of G3PD‐AP developed in a different manner from that by adding 0.6 mol/L NaCl. These results showed that glycolytic enzyme, G3PD, contributes to the improvement of the rheological properties of meat products. 相似文献
99.
Hiroshi OHTA Kanae TAKADA Yuji SUNDEN Yu TAMURA Tatsuyuki OSUGA Sue Yee LIM Masahiro MURAKAMI Noboru SASAKI Bandula Kumara WICKRAMASEKARA RAJAPAKSHAGE Kensuke NAKAMURA Masahiro YAMASAKI Mitsuyoshi TAKIGUCHI 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2014,76(3):409-414
100.
Jinghui LIU Mohamed A. MAREY Rasoul KOWSAR Nina HAMBRUCH Takashi SHIMIZU Shingo HANEDA Motozumi MATSUI Motoki SASAKI Hiroyuki HAYAKAWA Christiane PFARRER Akio MIYAMOTO 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2014,60(5):342-348
We have previously shown that polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) are present in bovine oviduct fluid under physiological
conditions, and that the oviduct provides a microenvironment that protects sperm from phagocytosis by PMNs. Alpha 1-acid
glycoprotein (AGP) is a major acute-phase protein produced mainly in the liver that has immunomodulatory functions. AGP mRNA
is expressed in extrahepatic organs, such as the lung, kidney, spleen, lymph node, uterus, and ovary. Therefore, in this
study, we investigated, 1) the local production of AGP in the bovine oviduct, 2) the effect of AGP on the phagocytic activity
of PMNs for sperm and superoxide production and 3) the impact of AGP desialylation on the PMN phagocytosis of sperm. The AGP
gene was expressed in cultured bovine oviduct epithelial cells (BOECs) and AGP protein was detected in oviduct fluid.
Preexposure of PMNs to AGP at physiological levels impaired PMN phagocytosis for sperm and superoxide generation. The
desialylation of AGP eliminated these suppressive effects of AGP on PMN. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that AGP
drastically reduced the formation of DNA-based neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) for sperm entanglement. Additionally,
AGP dose-dependently stimulated BOECs to produce prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) which has been shown to
partially contribute to the regulation of sperm phagocytosis in the bovine oviduct. AGP and PGE2 at concentrations
detected in the oviducts additively suppressed sperm phagocytosis by PMNs. These results provide evidence that locally
produced AGP may be involved in protecting sperm from phagocytosis by PMNs in the bovine oviduct. 相似文献