苹果轮纹病菌复配药剂室内筛选试验

采用生长速率法进行多菌灵、甲基托布津、扑海因、三唑酮、代森锰锌、福美双6种药剂对轮纹病菌的毒力测定.结果表明:多菌灵、甲基托布津和扑海因对轮纹病菌具有较好的抑制作用;采用生长速率法和孢子萌发抑制试验,进行多菌灵∶扑海因=1∶1、多菌灵∶扑海因=2∶1、甲基托布津∶扑海因=1∶1、甲基托布津∶扑海因=2∶1这4种混配药剂对轮纹病菌毒力测定,结果表明:除了多菌灵∶扑海因=2∶1的处理外,其余3个处理共毒系数均大于100,说明混配后具有明显的加性效应,其配比可作为药剂加工的混配比例.     

猪、鸡间空肠弯曲杆菌感染分布状况的调查研究

目的:对入沪28个产地(河南开封、山东青岛、江苏南通、浙江金华、上海奉贤等地)的鸡、猪进行了空肠弯曲杆菌流行分布调查,了解空肠弯曲杆菌在不同动物种间的分布状况。方法:以空肠弯曲杆菌特异性的VS1基因为扩增目标片段,对2005～2007年间在上海市三家家禽市场和五家生猪屠宰场采集的2234(鸡1015份、猪1219份)盲肠内容物样品进行PCR检测。结果:鸡盲肠内容物检出空肠弯曲杆菌阳性的样品288份,平均阳性率为28.4%,猪盲肠内容物检出空肠弯曲杆菌阳性的样品420份,平均阳性率为34.4%。结论:28个产地的鸡、猪均有空肠弯曲杆菌感染,不同产地、种属其感染率和发病情况不同,经统计学分析显示,猪的感染阳性率显著高于鸡,上海市内(奉贤等地)来源的畜禽感染阳性率显著低于浙江金华、江苏海门、江苏张家港和江苏大丰等外省市地区。     

破伤风疫苗的研究进展

作者阐述了破伤风毒素的来源、危害、历史以及在预防破伤风方面的疫苗研制情况，破伤风类毒素制备工艺及其存在的不足，提出了亚单位疫苗、基因疫苗和基因工程疫苗等的优点和应用前景。     

计算流体力学在畜舍中的研究现状与进展

畜舍内气流、温度、污染物浓度等的控制对于保证现代畜舍中家畜健康、生产力、福利等是至关重要的。而计算流体动力学(CFD),对于预测这些参数有相当大的潜力,所以很多人将CFD应用到了畜舍的研究中。本文对CFD在畜舍中的应用现状进行了分析与总结,并为今后的研究方向与前景作出展望。     

Effect of NOS on podocytes in hyperlipidemia rats and the protection of simvastatin in podocyte damage

AIM: To investigate the possible effect of hyperlipidemia on golmerular podocytes,the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) availability and the synthesis of NOS in podocyte damage by hyperlipidemia,further to study the protective effect of simvastatin on podocytes.METHODS: 4 groups of Wistar rats were fed high fat diet for 18 weeks.Serum lipid,urinary protein excretion and renal pathological changes were detected.Immunohistochemistry was used to determine the expression of desmin.The expression of nNOS was detected by Western blotting.RESULTS: The level of serum lipid was increased significantly in hyperlipidemic group and treated group after 4 weeks (P<0.01) and was decreased significantly in simvastatin treated group compared with hyperlipidemic group (P<0.01).Podocyte injury was detected under electronic microscopy in hyperlipidemic group after 4 weeks,and the injury became more serious during the lasting time.The expression of desmin was increased in hyperlipidemic group after 4 weeks,and the level was significantly decreased in treated groups (P<0.01).The urinary protein excretion was increased significantly after 6 weeks (P<0.01),and the level was significantly lower in treated groups (P<0.01).The expression of nNOS was significantly decreased in hyperlipidemic and treated groups (P<0.01),and the level significantly decreased in simvastatin group (P<0.01).CONCLUSION: Hyperlipidemia induces podocyte injury.The injury seems to be associated with NO deficiency and decreased renal NOS activity.The injury can be relieved by simvastatin.     

血管回声跟踪技术对颈动脉脉搏波放大指数的检测及其意义

目的探讨血管回声跟踪技术(ET)对颈动脉脉搏波放大指数(AI)的检测及其临床意义。方法应用ET技术检测不同年龄正常人145例、高血压患者48例、糖尿病患者26例、终末期肾病20例的AI;正常健康人分为5个年龄组:20~29岁23人,30~39岁22人,40~49岁35人,50~59岁34人,≥60岁31人。比较不同性别及不同年龄组间的AI值有无差异;比较本组各年龄组ET检测的AI与其他方法测得同龄人的AI;比较上述各疾病与同龄正常人AI的差异。用SAS6.12做统计分析。结果AI无性别差异但有年龄差异:在上述5个年龄组的AI测值分别为5.2、7.6、12.8、16.2和20.8;各年龄组ET检测的AI与其他作者其他方法测定的AI相关性良好;高血压、糖尿病及终末期肾病患者的AI均较其同龄人增高。结论ET技术中的脉搏波放大指数AI能较好地反映颈动脉弹性情况,随着年龄增高,高血压、糖尿病及终末期肾病患者的AI明显增高。     

Effects of atorvastatin on cardiac myocyte hypertrophy of neonatal rat induced by angiotensinⅡ in vitro and TLR4 expression

AIM: To assess effects of atorvastatin (Ator) on cardiac myocytes (CM) hypertrophy of neonatal rat induced by angiotensinⅡ (AngⅡ) in vitro and Toll like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression for theoretical bases of preventing and treating myocardial hypertrophy.METHODS: CM of neonatal Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were isolated with trypsin digestion method and those growth-arrested cells were stimulated with 10^-7 mol/L AngⅡ in the presence of various concentrations of Ator.The method of coomassie brilliant blue was adopted to evaluate the protein contents of CM.The changes in β-MHC,AT₁ receptor and TLR4 mRNA expression were observed by RT-PCR.RESULTS: ① AngⅡ increased the protein content of CM and β-MHC mRNA expression significantly,upregulated AT₁ receptor and TLR4 gene expression.② In a dose-dependent manner,Ator inhibited the increases in the protein contents of CM and β-MHC mRNA expression induced by AngⅡ.③ In a dose-dependent manner,Ator downregulated the AT₁ receptor and TLR4 mRNA expression of CM hypertrophy of neonatal rat induced by AngⅡ.CONCLUSION: Ator inhibits CM hypertrophy,downregulates the AT₁ receptor and TLR4 gene expression.     

Effects of 4-hydroxytamoxifen on the growth and proliferation of prolactinomas CH3 cells

AIM: To investigate the effect of estrogen antagonists on the in vitro growth of human prolactinomas. METHODS: RT-PCR was applied to the detection of estrogen receptor (ER) mRNA expressed in a human prolactinomas CH3 cell strain. Estradiol and 4-hydroxytamoxifen (OHTam) were added respectively at different concentrations into the culture medium. Cell number and levels of ER mRNA were examined. RESULTS: The growth of CH3 cells became slower in estrogen-deprived medium than that in nomal culture and was higher in medium containing estrogen(E2) at concentration of 10^-8 mol/L than at concentration of 10^-6 mol/L. OHTam (10^-6mol/L) inhibited the growth of CH3 cell strain treated with E2. The expression of ER mRNA in CH3 cells was observed, the levels of ER mRNA in the E2 (10^-8mol/L) group, higher than those in estrogen deprived group. OHTam (10^-6mol/L) obviously inhibited the expression of ER mRNA. CONCLUSION: The growth of CH3 cells depends on estrogen, estrogen antagonists inhibits the growth of CH3 cells and decline the levels of ER mRNA. ER levels in human prolactinomas cell lines can be auto-regulated.     

论野火的三属性

野火泛指发生于野外植被中的火、归纳发现有３个基本属性,自然性,灾害性和工具性,对这３个属性进行明确的定义和认识,有助于理解野火的意义,为研究和生产奠定科学系统的理论基础。自然属性一是指其自然存在、二是指其对自然界有影响,三是指其他受其他自然因子制约。灾是自然界不可控事件造成的超越一定程度界线的损失。灾害属性即经济属性。每一次火都造成巨大的经济损失,包括林资源和草资源预防和扑救开始。工具是指可以拿来     

艾叶水煎醇提液对肉兔血液及生化指标的影响

为研究艾叶水煎醇提液不同剂量对肉兔血液及生化指标的影响,将24只断奶体重相当的伊拉兔,随机分为A组、B组、C组和D组,每组6只,其中A组、B组、C组肉兔每天每只灌服艾叶水煎醇提液的量分别为2.0、3.0、4.0mL,D为生理盐水对照组,总灌胃量为4.0mL。结果显示,与D组比较,A组、B组、C组白细胞(WBC)、中性粒细胞百分比(NEUT,%)、中性粒细胞(NEUT)、淋巴细胞/单核细胞百分比(LYMPH/MONO,%)和谷草转氨酶(AST)差异极显著(P0.01)。表明艾叶水煎醇提液可以显著提升肉兔血液中白细胞数量,对肉兔血清谷草转氨酶(AST)的活性有一定降低作用,具有提高动物机体免疫力的功效。